10.16雅思大作文解析:资金援助vs实际援助

发展中国家需要国际机构的帮助。一些人更偏爱资金援助而其他人认为实际的帮助和建议更好。讨论双方观点并给出自己的观点。

这是一道双边讨论类的题目，讨论的是对发展中国家的援助资金更好还是实际的帮助+建议更好。双边类题目可以自由讨论双方各自的利弊，持中立或单边支持的立场。审题的时候要注意限定范围：Developing countries，要结合发展中国家的情况进行讨论，同时两个观点都带有比较词prefer和better，因此需要解释为什么双方各自的办法更好。

下面月半鸭和大家一起来看下具体观点。

首先来financial aid 的优劣势

好处在于，资金援助更为快速、使用起来也更为方便。资金援助只需要通过账户操作即可实现，而等价的物资、基础设施等则需要花额外的时间、人力和物力运输到当地才行，并且在过程中可能产生损耗。而受援助的*则可以更自由的决定这些援助资金的用处，无论是用于改善人民福利，还是投入到基础建设、工农业发展或是教育医疗等范围。

但是，资金援助坏处也非常明显，一是资金可能并没用在正确的范围为国家带来收益，甚至由于腐败导致其变成了少数人的财产，二是诸如工业、科研、医疗等范围，并不是单纯有资金就能发展的，还需要许多人才、物资和基础设施的支持才行，哪怕将资金投入这些范围，也会需要许多时间才能见到成效，可能并不能解决当下的问题。

然后再来看practical aid and advice的利弊。

好处有三方面。一是可以根据实际情况来解决相应的问题，比如对于急需医疗支持的国家可以援助医疗器材和医学人员、对于想要发展工业的地区可以援助设施、设备和技术人员，这些援助一旦完成既可投入使用发挥作用。二是这些援助在长久看来能产生更多的收益，比如教育支持可以为当地培养更多的人才，在将来这些人才可以投入当地建设中；产业援建则能为当地创造更多就业机会并带动经济发展，并且使当地掌握技术后生产出自己商品来赚取收益，可以摆脱对援建的依赖。三是这样的方式可以减少对于援助内容的的贪污。

当然，弊端就如同上面所说的，援助过程会更加繁琐，发展中国家不仅需要先明确自己所需援助的方向，并且在援助过程中的还需要考虑配套产生的时间、运输、人力、管理等更方面成本。

Although recent decades have witnessed the great advancement of the world economy, developing countries still require the facilitation from developed ones. Some people think the best answer of this issue is simply funding，whereas others maintain that practical aids, instead of finance, are a sound decision. Personally, I am in favor of the latter view.

First of all, practical help can directly assist developing countries in solving crisis. With the difference in development levels, the requirements of core factors, such as qualified teachers, doctors and scientists, cannot be achieved by buying, but rather by systematic training and teaching. In other words, non-financial aids from other countries are quite necessary. For example，during the outbreak of Ebola virus in Africa，instead of giving financial aid, Chinese aircraft arrived in Africa carrying mobile laboratories for Ebola disease control and prevention, which has made great contributions to the fight against the epidemic.

Besides, financial aids do not come without risks, and one of them is about their misuse. Obviously, due to the fact that parts of developing countries lacking public surveillance, accountability or transparency in government operation, there is a high possibility that the money might be appropriated for personal sake or even flow into the pocket of bureaucrats-corruption in short. Worse still, in less developed countries and in almost any country in time of war, money will be misspent by warlords buying new weapons and bombs, instead of foodstuffs or medicines.

Admittedly, financial aids allow a poor country to build up an effective government by paying salaries of governmental personnel without delay, and meanwhile the capital input brings vibrant industry, ever-increasing job opportunities and tax revenue for public welfare. However, as what is mentioned above, whether money can be used correctly or not depends on the specific conditions of the country.

In conclusion, it seems to me that practical aid and advice are more useful for the development of developing countries mainly because of the expected outcome of practical aid as well as the potential risk of solely financial aid.

Advancement 进步

Ebola 埃博拉

Epidemic 疫情

public surveillance 群众监督

bureaucrats-corruption 官僚腐败

accountability 责任；有义务

Transparency 透明度