雅思口语中虚拟语气的使用

在雅思口语考许多高频的话题中, 假设条件的时候难免会用到条件句或部分动词来假设一些无法实现的主观愿望, 英语中将这种假设称为虚拟语气 （Subjunctive mood）.分析发现虚拟语气出错的机率较高, 大尤其区分不清条件从句的时态, 以及其表示的语气(mood). 特此小编针对雅思口语中经常出现的虚拟语气做个小结。

一 if引导的条件句
虚拟语气的用法:表示说的话不是事实 , 或是不可能发生的情况, 而是说话者的主观愿望, 建议或是与事实相反的假设.

e.g. If I were you, I would go there.(我不可能成为你)
f虚拟语气用法如下:

假设时间	If条件从句时态	主句时态
表示现在的假设与事实相反	If + 一般过去时 (be动词只用were)	Would (should, could, might) do
表示过去的假设与事实相反	If + 过去完成时	would(might) have done
表示将来的假设与事实相反	一般过去时 If + should do were to do	would do

有时假设的情况并不是以条件从句表现出来, 而是通过一个介词短语来表示,常见的有without (= but for), but that, or (else), in case of, otherwise
e.g. Without/ but for his help, we shouldn’t go out.

二 口语中常遇到的一些动词,动词短语及句式结构需使用虚拟语气
1.       wish后的宾语从句
一般过去时(be 用were) : 表示现在的愿望与事实相反
wish+would/could do : 表示过去的愿望与事实相反
wished + 过去完成时 : 表示过去的愿望与事实相反
e.g. I wish I were as tall as you.   (现在
e.g. I wish I would try.          (将来)
e.g. He wished he hadn’t said that. (过去)
2. it’s time that结构中需用到虚拟, 从句时态通常用should to 或 did something.
e.g. It’s time we went to bed / should go to bed.

e.g. It’s time we went home.
3. expect, believe, think, suggest, I am sorry/ surprised/ disappointed that构成的否定形式的宾语从句,通常需用到虚拟, 谓语动词形式为should do, 意思是 “竟会”.
e.g. I never expected that the problem should be so complicated.
e.g. They just couldn’t believe that the new station should be so big.
4. would rather/sooner构成的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气, 谓语动词形式是 did something (be动词用were
e.g. I would rather they came tomorrow.
e.g. I would rather he posted the letter right away
三 口语中,为了使语气显得比较客气委婉, 虚拟语气主要体现在谓语动词上, 多用should/ would/could/might do.
e.g. It would be a shame to stop the work halfway.
e.g. Such mistakes could have been avoided.
下面介绍几个雅思口语中经常使用的虚拟语气的例句：
1.If * had done sth(坏事), * would never have done sth(好事).
如果某人过去做了某事(坏事)，那么他永远不可能做某事
If Hugh Miller, after toiling all day in quarry (采石场), had devoted his evenings to rest and recreation, he would never have become a famous geologist.
2.Sb would never have done sth(好事1) , never have done sth (好事2), if * had done sth (坏事)
某人永远不可能做某事， 永远不可能做某事， 如果某人过去做了某件坏事
The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published a mathematical dictionary, never have found the key to science of mathematics, if he had given his spare moments to idleness.
3.Had * done sth(坏事) ， * would never have done sth (好事)
如果某人过去做了某件坏事，而不是去做某件好事，那么他永远不可能做某事(好事)
Had the little Scotch lad, Ferguson, allowed the busy brain to go to sleep while he tended sheep on the hillside, instead of calculating the position of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer.
4. We were faced with the demand that this tax should be abolished .
5. Their decision was that the school remain closed.
6. It is essential that all the facts should examined first.
7. It is necessary that he should come back without delay .
8. I thought it advisable that an armed guard should stand in readiness.
9. It is imperative that this mission should not fail.
10. If you had taken the medicine, you would feel better now.

以上就是今天小编为大总结的雅思口语中的虚拟语气的使用方法了，希望能为广大考生们提供帮助，在此小编预祝大考取得好成绩！