当前位置:雅思无忧 > 雅思写作 > 正文

雅思写作典型词汇错误分析

更新:2022年02月12日 01:48 雅思无忧

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了文章雅思写作典型词汇错误分析,希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
雅思写作典型词汇错误分析

前言

在雅思考听、读、写、说四个模块中,尤其令考生感到踌躇彷徨的,莫过于雅思写作。由于英语语法的不熟练、中英语言文化背景的差异、考场上的心理压力,考生在写作中,急于表述自己的思想,从而忽视了词汇的使用,导致词汇失误比比皆是。这些词汇偏差,多数情况下,观之无恙,品之有错,在很大程度上造成了考生失分。 此文旨在帮助考生认识自身雅思写作中的不足,从而积改正,以达到短期提分的效果。 文中所有例子,皆源于学生习作。

一、从评分标准,看雅思写作词汇

雅思写作中的三项评分标准,即Lexical Resources,简称LR。笔者认为主要包含有以下几个方面:一是词汇的等,即考生在写作中会使用LV words——less common vocabulary;二是在不同的语言环境下,表达某一个意义时,可以做到词汇的多样性和精确性,从而使文章有readability,不致于枯燥乏味、含混晦涩;三是能不偏不倚地使用词汇精确、生动地表达意义;后一个也是考生难达到的,词汇选用恰当的情况下,是否可以计划证词汇的语法正确性:如名词单、复数;动词的时态、语态、语气;形容词、副词地等、介词的恰当性等等。

二、从学生文章,看雅思词汇问题


(一)名词问题

1、Firstly, quantity of students who live in the rural area cannot afford the tuition fees.
译文:先,许多来自农村的学生付不起学费。
改正:quantity——a large/great quantity of
解析:这个单词在表达“数目、数量(尤指巨大的数量时)”既可以用作可数名词,也可以用作不可数名词。a large/*all quantity of; it is cheaper to buy goods in large quantities.
2、Thus they can enrich their knowledge level and broaden their horizon.
译文:因此,他们能丰富知识,开阔眼界。
改正:level去掉
解析:enrich their knowledge,“丰富知识”,level一词为概念词汇,此处多余的。例如:在人口密集的大都市里,污染现象严重:Densely-populated megacities suffer from severe pollution. “污染现象”使用“pollution”既可,“现象”一词作为概念词汇,不必写出。
3、This way can also arouse the study enthusia* of students and inspire their creativity.
译文:这种方式也能激发学习热情,启发造意识。
改正:This way——This method/approach;the study enthusia* of students——their study enthusia*
解析:“这种方法”改为method,approach更好
4、The coming into world of the first computer marked the start of the third revolution of technique, and after that, the modern technique developed at an amazing rate, which brought the internet.
译文:部电脑的出现标志着三次工业革命的开端,此后,现代技术日新月异,引我们进入到网络时代。
改正:The coming into world——The advent;the third revolution of technique——the Third Revolution of Industry;the modern technique——modern technology
解析:“部电脑的到来”中“到来”使用advent或者appearance,arrival更好;“三次技术革命”改为“三次工业革命”更加恰当;“现代技术”使用modern technology更确切。
5、For example, the college students should pay/cover part of their fees such as the cost of books so that the government can spare some money to build more schools in poor areas.
译文:比如,大学生可以承担部分费用,如书本费用,这样*才能有钱为贫困地区建更多的学校。
改正:the cost of books——the cost of textbooks;in poor areas——in undeveloped/ underdeveloped areas/regions。
解析:books,areas表述不清楚。
6、It can cultivate/foster/educate more talented person.
译文:这可以培养更多有才华的人。
改正:person——students/people
解析:“有才华的人”,person只能表示个人,想要表示很多人时,用people,或者此处可以根据实际语境,改成“students/staff”等。
7、In recent years, higher education is becoming more and more necessary.
译文:近年来,高等教育日益重要。
改正:is becoming more and more——has become;more and more necessary——an increasing necessity。
解析:有in recent years,句子动词要用现在完成;more and more necessary口语味道过浓,建议改成an increasing necessity。
8、In 2021, she went to the headquarters of our company and was then sent to Guangdong to do business training, where she became the best trainers.
译文:2021年,她去了我们公司总部,后来被派往广州进行业务培训。在广州,她成为了优秀的培训师。
改正:the best trainers——the best trainer
解析:佳的就只有一个,所以改成the best trainer或者可以改成one of the best trainers。

(二)动词的语用问题

1、All in all, single sex education schooling do not overweigh a co-educational schooling.
译文:总之,男校或女校教育并不比男女混校好。
改正:do not overweigh——does not outweigh
解析:主语是不可数名词,助动词do应该改成单数三人称。overweigh是指“超重”,而outweigh表述的是“超过”。
2、The students who have studied the practical courses are more likely to have an advantage than others in finding jobs.
译文:参加实践类课程的学生找工作时比那些没有参加实践类课程的学生有优势。
改正:have studied——have taken
解析:课程只能用take,不能用study。
3、Although a sizable number of students cannot afford the full tuition, they really hope to have the higher education.
译文:尽管很多学生付不起学费,但他们确实希望能接受高等教育。
改正:have——receive
解析:“接受高等教育”,用receive
4、Therefore, it will arise human to focus on the issue.
译文:因此,这会引起人类的对该问题的关注。
改正:arise——arouse
解析:arise是不及物动词,“产生”,后面不可以接宾语,可以改成arouse,“引起”。
5、To begin with, a research report was published by Peking University social environment faulty that shows 68 percent air pollution were recharged by developed countries and 9 percent released by least developed countries.
译文:先,北京大学社会环境人员发表的研究报告表明,68%的污染气体是由发达排放的,而9%的来自不发达。
改正:was published——published;that shows——shows;air pollution were recharged——air pollution is discharged
解析:published用作过去分词短语作report的后置定语;recharge是“充电”,discharge是“释放”。
6、Some particular individuals or countries should take sacrifice to global environment.
译文:某些特定的个人或应该为全球环境做出贡献。
改正:should take sacrifice——should make sacrifice
解析:固定词组
7、The most important factor is in personal social responsibility.
译文:重要的因素在于个人社会责任。
改正:is——lies;personal——individual
解析:personal侧重于“个人的,私人的”;individual侧重于“靠个人的,来自个人的”。
8、Computers are used in almost all walks of life so that we cannot live without computers.
译文:电脑在几乎所有域都有所应用,我们没有电脑难以生活。
改正:are used——are utilized/applied/employed
解析:不是错误,used较为常用,可以升成后面的词汇
9、If I was an employer, I would obviously choose the employee who has been trained in this field.
译文:如果我是老板,我显然也会选择在该域接受过培训的员工。
改正:was——were;choose——prefer/favor
解析:if是虚拟条件句,be动词应该为were;后面主句中choose不够准确。
10、We must recognize the fact is the unemployment rate escalation in many countries.
译文:我们必须意识到这个事实:许多失业率正在飙升。
改正:is——is that;escalation——is escalating
解析:that引导表语从句;后面是词性错误,应把名词escalation改为动词is escalating。
11、The line graph provides how the number of people who use underground station in London changes between 6:00 and 22:00.
译文:该曲线图描述的是早晨6点到晚上10点,在伦敦使用地铁人数的变化状况。
改正:changes——fluctuates
解析:曲线图通常都是上下震荡/波动的,直接用changes,太为概括,建议升为fluctuates。


(三)形容词的语用问题

1、Moreover, in China, especially in the countryside, most families are disable to send their children to study.
译文:况且,在中,尤其是乡下多数庭不能把孩子送去学习。
改正:are disable to——are unable to或者are not able to或者fail to do
解析:“不能够”,使用disable是“残疾的”意思;应该改成unable
2、In other words, doing some paid work can not only make the holiday more manful, but also accumulate one’s social experience as well expand one’s horizon.
译文:换句话说,做点有偿劳动不仅可以让假期更充实,而且能够积累社会阅历,开阔个人眼界。
改正:more manful——more fruitful;as well expand one’s horizon——and expand one’s horizon as well
解析:manful是“刚毅的,勇敢的”,只能做定语,不能做补语来补充说明假期。
3、With the development of the modern education, some people hold the opinion that co-educational schooling can make them into society more quickly.
译文:现代教育发展迅速,有人认为男女混校的教育方式能够让学生更快的适应社会。
改正:With the development of the modern education——modern education has been so advanced that;into——accustomed
解析:个短语,被认为是“考官厌倦的短语”,尽量避免使用,根据逗号前后信息之间的关系,做成结果状语从句。二个into,做成分词短语accustomed,表述的意思会更精确。
4、I cannot agree with the viewpoint that it is good for family to spend more time on the Mother Nature.
译文:多花时间接触大自然让人受益匪浅,我不赞同这个观点。
改正:good——beneficial
解析:good是一个滥爆了的单词,可以考虑适当升。
5、Specifically, almost all children including boys and girls like watching TV or videos.
译文:具体而言,几乎每个孩子都喜欢看电视或录相。
改正:almost all children including boys and girls——almost all children
解析:including boys and girls是多余的

(四)副词的语用问题

1、But some private schools also have single sex education in aboard.
译文:但是外也有些学校有男校或者女校教育。
改正:in aboard——abroad
解析:“外”是副词,应该用abroad,而aboard指的是“在……(交通工具)上”。
2、Nowadays in contemporary society, the education of children has aroused the concern of the public.
译文:如今,儿童教育已经引起了公众的关注。
改正:Nowadays和in contemporary society去掉一个
解析:两个结构都用于背景句中,意义重复。
3、When it comes to the Internet, many people hold the opinion that it is very useful because you can get information pretty fast, while others do not think so/stand on an opposite position.
译文:提到网络,学多人认为网络很有用因为你可以快速从中获得信息,但是还有人持相反观点。
改正:pretty fast——in a faster way
解析:pretty fast口语味道较重,可以改成in a faster way。


(五)介词的语用问题

1、I do not consider it necessary to invite a new language instead of English.
译文:我认为没有必要引入新的语言来替代英语。
改正:instead of English——to replace
解析:此处“替代”应该是动词不定式作目的状语,而不是介词短语。
2、Due to more and more women take full-time jobs, who will take care of children has been a problem in society.
译文:因为越来越多的女性做全职,谁来照顾孩子成为一个社会问题。
改正:Due to——Because;more and more——a growing number of
解析:因为逗号前面的原因状语是一个句子而不是短语,所以只能使用表示原因的从属连词because而不是due to;这里是词性错误。
3、Although the educator is also agree the opinion, I do not take it for granted that the work experience is really worth.
译文:尽管有教育者赞同这一观点,我并不认为工作经验有多么重要。
改正:is also agree——also agree with
解析:agree是不及物动词,必须加介词之后,再加宾语。
4、In this occasion, we can find it easy that overcoming the difficulty is an excellent time to improve family bonding.
译文:在这种情况下,我们不难发现,战胜困难是改善庭关系的佳时间。
改正:In this occasion——On this occasion
解析:固定词组,“在……情况下/场合下”,必须用on……occasion。
5、Some people do not agree these views.
译文:有的人不赞同这些观点。
改正:agree——agree with
解析:agree是不及物动词,必须加介词之后,再加宾语。

三、从写作实例,来进行反思

然而,在雅思写作中,存在的问题,不仅仅停留在名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词上;且这些问题也不仅仅是词汇的问题。由以上分析可见,这些词汇问题有时候会以这样或那样的形式与英语语法有着紧密的联系。然而,对于这些问题,学生本身是很难意识到的,这就要求作为培训老师的我们,多动脑,勤思考,通过专业的分析,进行浅显易懂地指导,帮助学生答疑、解惑。
结论
学生雅思写作中所出现的词汇错误种种,归纳下来,有如下几类:词汇选用错误;词汇选用欠精确;词汇使用错误;词汇过度重复;词汇使用不够、霸气、上档次。所有这些问题纠结繁琐,但是,如果学生在练习写作过程中,尤其是在练习写作初期,能够稍加留心注意,尽可能地避免一些问题,文章写作的质量肯定会有所提升。

以上就是雅思无忧网为您准备的雅思写作典型词汇错误分析访问雅思无忧网(https://www.yasi.cn/),了解更多雅思考试新消息,新动态。

雅思培训
免责声明:文章内容来自网络,如有侵权请及时联系删除。
推荐阅读
标签 - 专题
  鲁ICP备18049789号-14

2022雅思无忧网版权所有 All right reserved. 版权所有

警告:未经本网授权不得转载、摘编或利用其它方式使用上述作品