雅思基础语法之比较高的其他用法

1 和冠词连用

the ＋形容词原＋v(复)，指一类人或物
the ＋　形容词比较，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two
a/ an ＋形容词比较eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one.
( a) ＋most＋形容词高　“非常…”　eg. a most beautiful city

2 相关结构

1) 原比较：肯定句 as….as…., 否定句 not so / as….as…. .
2) 比较句： 比较 ＋ than…. 或 more (less) ….than…..
The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词that的用法)
3) 比较＋ and ＋比较 或 more and more ＋比较 “ 越来越 … ”
richer and richer, more and more interesting
4) The more….., the more…..“ 越 … ， 越 …”
The more you look at the picture, the better you  will like it.


5) 比较＋ than   any other ＋ n. （单） （适用于范围一致时）
(all) other ＋ n. （复）
any ＋ n.( 单 ) （适用于范围不一致时）
He is taller than   any other student / all other students in his class.
any student in my class.
6) 倍数表达法。
A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.
A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.
A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.

用 times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用 twice 或 double.

The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.
这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

7) more…than… 结构，其意往往是 …rather than… ，可译为 “ 是 …… 而不是 ……” 或颠倒词序译作 “ 与其说是 …… ，不如说是 ……” 。
That little girl is more tired than hungry.  那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。
She is more a mother than a wife或She is more of a mother than a wife.
她是贤妻，更是良母。

8) A is to B what C is to D  A 和 B 的关系就像 C 和 D 的关系
Air is to man what water is to fish. 空气 对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。

9) no more than= only  “ 只不过 ” ，言其少
not more than=at most  “不多于”，“至少”，指事实。
no more …than… 和…一样不…     如单音节使用比较形式
not more…than…  不比…更…
no less than= as much as       “多达”
no fewer than= as many as

例： I have no more than five yuan in my pocket.  我口袋里的钱只不过5元。
I have not more than five yuan in my pocket.  我口袋里的钱不多于5元。
He is no richer than I.他和我一样穷。
He is no less determined than you.  他的决心不亚于你。
(no less determined than等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)
He is not less determined than you.  他的决心不比你小。
(not less determined than等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义)

10) 高＋ of/ in/ among….
He is the tallest of the three/ among them/ in is class.

3．相关词语辨析

1.very 和much
A）very修饰形容词、副词的原；much修饰比较；修饰动词用much或very much ,
eg. I very like English.(×),因改为：I like English very much.
B) 表示状态的过去分词前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情况下，以-ed结尾的分词多用much、very much / greatly等修饰。
如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom..
C) 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。
如：very interesting / worrying / exciting
D）too前用much/ far ,不用very。
You are much / far / a lot too nice.
另外，在too many    / much, too few / little前用far。
We’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.
E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much.
eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree

2. so 和such
A)so … that … 与 such … that … 的区别。
so +  形容词 / 副词 +  that …
so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that …
so + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that …
such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that …
注意： 但当 little 表示 “ 小 ” 时用 such 。
如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress t hemselves.
下列 so 的用法是错误的：
so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。
B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word

3.  be too much + n.
be much too+ adj.
be too much for *. 对 … 太过分了

4.  can’t be too +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enough “ 无论 … 都不为过 ”
You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。