你的雅思作文句子有效吗 新东方名师：Be和Have在雅思作文中的妙用

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核，综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力，实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说，也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了你的雅思作文句子有效吗 新东方名师：Be和Have在雅思作文中的妙用，希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题，敬请关注。

你的雅思作文句子有效吗？英文简洁之美

句子结构是雅思写作评分标准“语法的多样性与准确度”中一项十分重要的考量因素，但这并不意味着要求考生具备写长难句的能力。在追求输出像雅思阅读一样精到的语言之前，我们首先要确保的应当是写出来的句子是正确的。有效的句子甚而段落通常应当同时满足以下五个要素：一致、连贯、简洁、强调、多样。

1. 一致：如句内的逻辑关系，注意检查是否存在简单推论、逻辑残缺、逻辑悖论、依赖偏见等。

Born in a *all town in South Chinain the early 1950s, he grew up to be a famous musician.

→ He was born in a *all town in South China in the early 1950s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 1970s he became a famous musician.

2. 连贯：这个问题在平行结构、共用主语、使用指代的情况下尤其需要注意。

We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.

→ We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.

Or: We thought she was a charming, intelligent, and very capable young woman.

He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.

→ He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly injured.

Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.

→ Looking out of the window, we can see the grassland stretching as far as the eye can reach.

Or: Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.

He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.

→ He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting.

Or: He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed.

3. 简洁：英美文化推崇坦率和直接，通常不需要体现咱儒家文化的含蓄和委婉。

It was *all in size and blue in colour.

→ It was *all and blue.

He usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France.

→ He prefers French wines.

4. 强调：正如每篇文章都要有中心思想(main idea)，每个段落都要有主题句(topic sentence)一般，每个句子都要围绕一个中心观点清晰地呈现出作者想要表现的重点。

He is modest and hardworking and is a good student.

→ He is a good student, modest and hardworking.

There is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old, in the temple.

→ In the temple there is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old.

At the sight of the disorderly crowd, he was aware that something bad would be possible.

→ The moment he saw the disorderly crowd, he knew that something bad would happen.

5. 多样：中文重重复，英文重替代，中英差异使然。

新东方名师：Be和Have在雅思作文中的妙用

“Be”动词和“have/has” 在雅思小作文中的七十二变 　　很多学生写小作文的时候喜欢带着些大作文的痕迹，比如be动词，还有have, has 经常出现。然而在小作文中，除了要客观描述，重点比较之外，还有一个经常被考生忽略的关键要求：使用图表描述语言。那么这个图表专用语言的玄机不仅仅在于上升下降和搭配幅度的必备词汇，更重要的体现在动词的灵活运用上。 　　下面我们以剑7 Test 4 的四线图为例，简单看一下对“Road”那条线的描述，很多学生会写成什么样： 　　Road was always the highest over the 28-year period, and it had a dramatic increase to almost 100 million tonnes in 2002. 　　关于这道题，大多数学生最爱犯的错误就是主语的混淆。其实增长下降的并不是这些交通工具，而是由这些交通工具分别运输的货物的数量的增减。所以其实这句话的所有主语都错了。这跟剑7 Test2 的例题一样，主语并不是chicken 或者beef，而是the consumption of chicken and beef. 下面我们再拆开来分析： 　　前半句话中Road 后面的was 其实想表达“保持”的意思，那么小作文中保持最高完全可以用kept或者是remained这个词，而不是用was这么生硬的论述。那么改成kept之后，后面的largest也可以相应换成一个生动的“most popular”, 即保持最受欢迎的交通方式，这样无论英文还是中文翻译都显得立体起来。 　　而后半句中的had 其实是不符合图形描述的基本句型的。从来没有一个句式是“主语+has/had+变化”。这里的had可以换成更地道的showed或者是witnessed. 所以这句话就可以改成：Road always kept the most popular transport among all the patterns, and it showed a dramatic increase to almost 100 million tonnes in 2002. 　　然而在饼状图中，be动词或者has/had被滥用的几率就更高了。饼状图里首要掌握的就是表示“占有”的单词，然而很多学生在写作文的时候还是下意识地“抛弃”了这些词，反而舍近求远地去选用“俗不可耐”的be动词。就拿剑8 Test1中的混合图表为例，其中的饼状图很简单，就由四个扇面组成，那我们看一下学生一般会写成什么样子： 　　Over-grazing destroys the largest proportion of land, which is 35%. And the world has 30% and 28% land being degraded by deforestation and over-cultivation. Other reasons only take 7% of the pie chart. 　　首先我们看第一句话，这句话中的前半句没有问题，只是后面的which is 就有些非主流了。这里我们可以用一个表示“占有”的词作非谓语动词，比如把后半句改成occupying 35% of the worldwide degradation. 　　在看第二句话，the world has 中的has 用得也不够地道。这里可以改成there be句型就会更顺畅：There were 30% and 28% of the global farming land being degraded by deforestation and over-cultivation respectively. 　　最后一句话，不能说完全就错了，句式是没有问题的，但是在主体段中用pie chart 做主体描述对象显然是不够理智的，除了首段用到“该pie chart显示了….”的句型外，其实在后面的文章当中，主语名词都应该用题意给出的描述对象而不是pie chart。比如这句话可以改成： Other reasons only constitute 7% of the total degraded land.

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