雅思作文：task2写作步骤完全指导 雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核，综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力，实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说，也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思作文：task2写作步骤完全指导 雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)，希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题，敬请关注。

雅思作文：task2写作步骤完全指导

雅思大作文写作步骤完全指导：雅思写作部分有2篇作文，要求考生在一小时内完成至少400字的写作任务。由于时间比较短，不少考生因未能合理安排时间，结果没有有效完成任务要求或是未能充分展现自己的英语写作水平。 　　写作部分两篇文章的字数要求是不一样的。大作文必须完成250字以上写作任务，而小作文150字以上。根据这一指令，从机械地写字速度来看，考生较为合理的时间分配为大作文40分钟，小作文20分钟。另外，大作文占写作总值的60%，小作文为40%，从这分值的权重来看，时间上2：1的分配也是相当合理的。 　　所以，要想成功完成大作文任务一定要把时间控制在40分钟左右，前后不超出5分钟。 　　那么如何充分利用这40分钟， 完成一篇基本令人满意的文章呢？ 　　◆步骤一：审题(<3 分钟) 　　审题是有效完成任务的第一步，也是最关键的一步。从评分标准看，审题的正确与否与"Task Response"有着直接的联系。而在当前模板泛滥，文章千篇一律的大环境下，有效审题是突破六分的一条准绳。不少考生在审题时，要么蜻蜓点水、草草一读，要么只关注题目中词的同义转换。如此读题，都有可能对之后的文章撰写方向造成偏差。而有效的读题方法应为： 　　→通读题目，了解大意。 　　→细读题目，分析句子间的逻辑关系。 　　→再读题目，辨别关键词，区分主题词和限定词，推测考官的出题意图。 　　由于大部分考生只作到了读题的第一步，所以出现离题或部分离题的可能性很大。现以2008年11月15日的考题为例： 　　There are more workers to work from home and more students to study from home. This is because the computer technology is more and more easily accessible and cheaper. Do you think it is a positive or negative development (题目为考生回忆，与原题可能有少许出入) 　　→通读题目，了解大意。 　　当前有越来越多的工人在家里工作，有越来越多的学生在家里学习。这是因为电脑技术越来越容易获得，也越来越便宜了。你认为这是个正面的还是负面的发展趋势？ 　　备注：题中的accessible有不少考生不理解，对审题的准确性会造成一定影响。 　　→细读题目，分析句子间的逻辑关系。 　　要把握题目中的句子间逻辑关系，关键是能读懂代词"this"； "it"的具体指代。 　　"this"是指第一句话。 　　"it"可理解为前两句所呈现的这一现象。为了使文章写作方向更为明确，这里可把it 概括为：the wider usage of computer technology in working or studying from home 　　→再读题目，辨别关键词，区分主题词和限定词，推测考官的出题意图。 　　主题词：Computer technology in working or studying from home 　　限定词：positive or negative 　　不容忽视的词：easily accessible and cheaper 　　题目信息解构： 　　(topic) positive(benefits) 　　Computer technology in working or studying from home 　　(causes) Negative (drawbacks) 　　Easily accessible and cheaper 　　对题目做出如上分析，确保撰写的文章能包含以上的信息，审题这关绝对能过。 　　以上用时不超过3分钟。 　　◆步骤二：列大纲(<3分钟) 　　根据以上的题目解构信息，寻找关键词的下义词和衍生词，根据已有素材确定写作框架。 　　如： 　　Computer technology：on-line， PC， laptop， broadband 　　Working from home： Fashion designer； freelancer； translator； journalist； writer； music composer， artistsStudying from home： on-line course， the disable who are difficult to move； course in the foreign country 　　Cheaper： on-line IELTS course --several hundred RMB 　　Class IELTS course -- several thousand RMB 　　Easily accessible ： in city-- at least one PC every house 　　Broadband： almost every house； school 　　Net bar： almost every neighbourhood 　　Outline： 　　☆Introduction： 　　Computer technology in home-study and home- work (topic) 　　Positive development (opinion) 　　☆Body： 　　★Benefits of studying from home： 　　Cheaper--- IELTS course (on-line /class) 　　Freer--- white collar for further education in free time 　　★Benefits of working from home： 　　Artists(music composer/fashion designer)---- more productive 　　Freelancer( translator/journalists)---- more working opportunity 　　★Drawbacks： 　　Lack self-control /independence( line-addicts) 　　☆Conclusion： inevitable trend( with self-discipline) 　　备注：在实战考试中无需把大纲写得如此详细，但胸有成竹一定会使之后文章的写作如鱼得水。 　　◆步骤三：文章撰写(30-35分钟) 　　一般文章为4-5段，平均每段用时5-10分钟 　　备注：大作文写作一定要写结论段，以体现文章的完整性。 　　◆步骤四：检查(1-2分钟) 　　此时，不宜做大的修改，把笔误的部分改掉即可。

雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)

4.权利自由原则
动物：
It is a breach of their natural rights to take them by force into captivity for our own purposes.
Animals have the right to be treated as beings of value in themselves, not as the means to human ends.
死刑：
The right to life is inviolable and protected by law.
One human right is the right to life and taking a life away by execution is cruel, inhumane and degrading.
极限运动：
People should be free to participate in activities with others as long as it does not affect the safety of non-participants.
摄像机：
They feel that being watched constantly is like being in a jail, and that ordinary people are losing their freedom because of these devices.
强迫老年人退休：
Compulsorily retiring old employees can affect the older individual’s freedom - and right - to work and can deprive society of valuable experience and insights.
禁酒：
Banning alcohol infringes people’s civil liberties to an unacceptable degree.
禁烟：
While a government has a responsibility to protect its population, it also has a responsibility to defend their freedom of choice.
新闻审查：
Banning advertisements is a severe restriction upon freedom of speech.
We have accepted that freedom of expression should have limits.
The risks of stifling free expression far outweigh the potential for unacceptable material.
An individual's rights end when they impinge on the safety and rights of others.
媒体报道名人：
Famous people deserve privacy and respect.
Although, generally speaking, the media should not interfere in people’s private lives, there are times when it is correct to do so.
母亲在家带孩子：
Mothers should have as much freedom as anyone else in society to decide what is best for them and their children.
家庭教育：
If they feel that the child would be best educated at home, by them or by another, that is their right.
控制人口：
They feel that this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves.
分开教育：
Among these opponents are “equal education” advocates, who argue that every student has the same right to enjoying high quality education regardless of gender, race, wealth, and most importantly, regardless of their minor differences in intellectual abilities.
资助艺术：
So-called "elite culture" should be available for all to enjoy, and not just confined to the rich.

5.文化原则
1)文化重要性
捕鲸：
Whale hunting is an important aspect of some people’s cultural heritage.
建筑：
Architecture is part of a country’s cultural heritage.
语言：
Language is a type of cultural heritage.
Language is often seen as a badge of identity and more conflict may be created if the global community is seen to prefer one language to another.
电视：
Television is mostly directed to films and shows that have commercial purposes but little cultural value.

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