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雅思作文想拿高分,这四个错误一定不能犯 雅思作文中常见的词汇错误——词的搭配问题

更新:2023年04月11日 00:36 雅思无忧

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思作文想拿高分,这四个错误一定不能犯 雅思作文中常见的词汇错误——词的搭配问题,希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
雅思作文想拿高分,这四个错误一定不能犯 雅思作文中常见的词汇错误——词的搭配问题

雅思作文想拿高分,这四个错误一定不能犯

大家现在所看到的这篇小作文选自C6T2,同其他考官范文不同,这篇文章出自考生之手。具体这篇考生的作文得了几分咱们先*个关子,假如你是雅思(课程)考官,按照写作评分的四大项标准, 你会给他打几分呢?

The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985 and 2000.



In 2000 the most preferred mode of travel is by car with 4, 806 people. There's a noticeable decrease in public transportation locally where it dropped from 429 people in 1985 to 274 people in 2000. However the long distance bus rides is much more preferred by people as its figures are more than doubled in the last 15 years. People who chose to walk or cycle are decreased slightly in 2000. Which probably made people to take the take the train more often. There's a significant increase in the numbers of people who travelled by train. It jumped from 289 in 1985 to 366 in 2000. This makes the train second popular mode of transportation. The biggest leap in the chart is the increase of taxi users who are tripled in 2000 with 42 people. Where it was only 13 in 1985

Apart from all this modes of travel, there are some more different types of travel as well of course. Number of people choosing different modes of travel is rapidly increased from 450 to 585 in 2000.

我们先从客观地从考官的评分角度来评判下这篇文章。

首先从文章的内容上来看,考生确实从趋势角度描写了数据变化,但描写逻辑混乱。开端描述了car,local bus 及long distance bus。Car的数据自始至终都是最大的,先描写也毋庸置疑,但local bus 和long distance bus,变化数据设计不多,同时变化趋势也不相同,放在一起描述没有意义。其次,此文没有描述表格中的总量这一数据,这也是其失分的原因。

再来看下这篇文章数字后所带的单位,考生的作文中带的是people, 但仔细审题后我们会发现,这篇作文的真正单位实际是miles,通篇文章对单位的理解都是错误的。

接下来我们来看结构,通篇文章分成两段。考官习作中有分成三段、四段及五段的小作文的例子,但两段的绝对没有。同时,文章开篇直接就描述了最大数据, 缺少了开头段的引入,结尾段也并不是考官所期望看到的总结性信息。

不过从词汇角度来看, 文章代词及连词使用较好

a. However the long distance bus rides is much more preferred by people asits figures are more than doubled in the last 15 years. Its指代long distance bus ride

b. It jumped from 289 in 1985 to 366 in 2000. It指代the number of people who travelled by train.

c. This makes the train second popular mode of transportation. This 指代上一句话。

从语法角度来看, 文章细小问题较多。

a. 时态:数据变化时间为1985-2000,为一般过去,考生采用的为一般现在。

b. 主谓一致:However the long distance bus rides is much more preferred by people as its figures are more than doubled in the last 15 years. 主语复数,谓语动词单数,主谓不一致。

c. 名词单复数:There's a significant increase in the numbers of people who travelled by train. Number应为单数。

d. 被动语态:as its figures are more than doubled in the last 15 years. People who chose to walk or cycle are decreased slightly in 2000. Number of people choosing different modes of travel is rapidly increased from 450 to 585 in 2000. 这三个句子的动词应该全部改为主动语态。

这样的作文究竟可以得几分呢, 我们来看下考官评语,实际同我们刚刚分析时给出的关键点是一致的。

This is an answer written by a candidate who achieved a Band 6 score. Here is the examiner's comment:

This answer does not introduce the information in the table, nor does it report it accurately. The figures are misinterpreted as representing the number of people rather than the average number of miles travelled per person per year. Consequently the information about the increase in total travel is simply not mentioned, so not all key information is covered. There is an attempt to summarize trends in the figures, but the reader cannot get a clear overall picture of the information because of the fundamental confusion.

Nevertheless, the information is organized and the writing flows quite well because of good use of referencing and other connectors, but there are occasional errors in these and the links between ideas are slightly confusing at times.

The strong feature in this answer is the range of vocabulary which is used with some flexibility and good control. A good range of structures is also used, but there are still some fairly basic mistakes, such as in the choice of tense, subject/verb agreement and inappropriate use of the passive.

当然我们分析这篇考生习作的最终目的不是想告诉大家6分的作文错误百出,于思靓老师是希望同学们可以取长补短,像这篇作文考生所出现的基本问题,如时态、单位、语态等在你的作文中要避免出现,像考官特别看重的他的句子多样性的运用要多加学习。最后期待大家能拿到理想的分数。

雅思作文中常见的词汇错误——词的搭配问题

文/武汉 学校 刘明珠
提及词汇,这是众多烤鸭心中无法磨灭的一道伤疤,每每想起心中都是隐隐作痛却又无法剔除。而且在市面各种五花八门的各种参考书的冲击之下,各种言论鱼龙混杂的情况下,心中的词汇早已被妖魔化了。执着的认为,要写好雅思作文,就一定要用各种难词,各种大词,各种高级词汇,各种成语表达,为此,他们一次又一次列出背单词的计划,一次又一次下定决心背单词,一次又一次的让计划最终流产,一直背到绝望, 却始终不改初衷。每每看到这样的情况,都让我感到无比的遗憾和惋惜,总希望能做点什么能够帮助他们走出单词的怪圈和困境。希望能帮助学生注意到:他们的单词问题不在于不会大词、难词;恰恰相反,他们单词的真正问题在于对常用基础词汇的准确把握和应用。
很多的学生就他们已经掌握的词汇完成一篇250字的雅思作文是没有任何问题的,问题在于他们所掌握的单词是不是他们所认为的掌握了呢,下面结合学生的具体问题来看看困扰他们的问题实质和根源在哪里。 1、动词的搭配错误:
大家知道汉语言有一很大的特点就是笼统性很强,这样一来他动词的搭配能力就很强,而英语的动词搭配的能力就差多了,比如我们说的,看报纸,看问题,看电影,用英文表达就需要用不同的的动词了: read newspaper, view the problem, go to the movie等等类似的还有很多,正是由于这种词语搭配在中英文中的差异,导致很多中国学生在使用英文动词的时候经常会出现词语的搭配错误。 下面我们来看看学生写作中出现的搭配错误。Example 1: Smoking is harmful for your body. Don’t learn from him.此句是典型的Chinglish, 中文中的“学”,直接对应的是英文中的“learn”, 但是“ learn”通常情况下用作学习某种具体的技能,如汉语中:学习讲英语,英文中是这样来表达的“learn to speak English”, 而汉语中的:学习榜样,则对应的是“follow one’s example”原句建议可做如下修改:Revised: Smoking is harmful for your body. Don’t follow his example.
Example 2: It is necessary to teach students a little knowledge of American history此句和上面的例子是一样的问题,也是典型的Chinglish,在中文中,可以说“学习知识”,但是对应的英语不能说“learn/study knowledge”, 而应该是这样的搭配:acquire/gain/pursue knowledge,“教授知识”的英文表达是“impart/pass on to knowledge”。原句建议可做如下修改:Revised: It is necessary to impart students a little knowledge of American history
Example 3: Reading can increase my words, rich my knowledge and enlarge my eyesight.这是考生在描述读书的好处,其优点在于句子的结构方面尽力打造排比结构。然而,词汇失误严重影响句子理解和整体效果。“读书可增大词汇量,增长知识,开阔眼界。”本句中词汇失误频繁出现,如:increase,words,rich;enlarge my eyesight令人费解。建议可做如下修改:Revised: Reading can enlarge my words, enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizons.
2、形容词搭配错误:跟动词一样,汉语中的形容词很多情况下都比较笼统,搭配能力很强,如“淡”,可以是淡水,淡季,淡茶,而英语则根据不同的事物有不同的形容词: fresh water, slow season,weak tea。同样的,导致很多学生的作文中出现各种搭配的问题,导致严重的表意问题。
下面我们来看看学生写作中出现的搭配错误。Example 1: 我是超市的老顾客,所以也不抱怨什么。As an old customer of the supermarket, I did not make a complaint.Revised: As a regular customer of the supermarket, I did not make a complaint.
Example 2: 许多大城市的交通越来越拥挤。The traffic in many big cities is getting more and more crowded.Revised: The traffic in many big cities is getting heavier and heavier.
在上面的两个句子中,由于学生在背单词时太过于僵化,没有真正意义上弄懂其含义和在具体语言环境中的搭配使用,导致表达的意思比较尴尬,别扭。如例1中的“老”,英文中就有诸多的不同对应表达。“老人” 可以是 “an old man”也可以用“a senior citizen”, 而“老兵”则应该是 an army veteran, 不是 an old soldier.
通过对学生在英语写作中词汇主要的搭配错误的分析的举例,希望可以让广大的学生们正确的认识到自己作文词不达意的根源所在: 不是单词量的问题,而是对单词的把握是否到位的问题,尤其是英语中动词和形容词的习惯性搭配。而这一点正是清楚、明确的表达自己意思的关键。更是提高我们句子和作文质量的关键。不求下笔如有神,但求遣词、造句表我心、达我意、传我神。俗话说:“万丈高楼平地起”,各位同学想要写好作文,首先要解决的应该是类似这样的词汇问题,这才是解决作文问题的根本所在。
名师简介:刘明珠 综合英语部读写讲师。授课节奏明快,善于挖掘文章精华,洞察实用要点,追求语言背后 的深层次文化现象。上课以应用为主旨,以实用为目标,通过鲜活真实的生活故事,丰富多彩的语言案例,灵活亲切的教学方法,不仅教你地道英语,同时引发你学 习英语的浓厚兴趣,激发你追求成功的人格魅力。

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