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雅思写作真题17个精选句式整理 雅思大作文审题偏差原因及对策真题解析

更新:2023年04月15日 17:15 雅思无忧

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思写作真题17个精选句式整理 雅思大作文审题偏差原因及对策真题解析,希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
雅思写作真题17个精选句式整理 雅思大作文审题偏差原因及对策真题解析

雅思写作真题17个精选句式整理

如果烤鸭们能够有效地整理出一些经典的句式句型,合理加以利用,相信写作水平定会有所提高!对基础不好的同学来说,这是一个简单有效的提分捷径,下面小编教给大家一些简单实用的剑桥真题句型。

简单来说,假如你知道In conclusion这个词组,一般都用在结尾段的开头,而且表示总结的功能,那么这个词你一般来说是不会用错的。假如你知道这个单词用于总结的功能,但是不知道它常出现的位置,也许你会将它用错地方。

以下是小作文中你一定用得到的句型精选:

1. 宾语从句

【解析】常用于写作的开头段,引出题目大意,俗称改写题目。(基础,必学!)

常用句型:The graph indicates/shows/illustrates…

【真题实例】(剑七-Test2)

The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.

【真题实例】(剑二-Test1)

The chart shows that the percentage of British households with a range of consumer durables steadily increased between 1972 and 1983.

2. 形式主语从句

【解析】常用于描写一些特殊的细节和最大值等信息。(关键时刻,能提升不少字数。)

必备句型:It is interesting to note that / It is noticeable that

【真题实例】(剑五-Test2)

It is also interesting to note that almost all showed a decrease in 1994 in amount of goods transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that year.

【真题实例】(剑四-Test1)

It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.

3. there be句型:

【解析】常用于小作文中表示趋势或表示“有”或“存在”的意思。(非常万能的句型。)

【真题实例】(剑二-Test2)

There were no figures given for male part-time workers, but female part-time had forty hours of leisure time, only slightly more than women in full-time employment, perhaps reflecting their work in the home.

【真题实例】(剑四-Test2)

There is a sharp rise in the next hour to reach its maximum before collapsing again to a lower level by the end of the day.

4. 倒装句:

【解析】常用于地图题表示某个方位有某样东西。(其实写起来真的不难,一看就懂。)

【真题实例】

In the west was a river running from north to south.

以下句型导入数据的时候一定用得到:

5. 被动句

【解析】常用于导入数据以及流程图。(当主语是物体的时候,可以考虑用被动。)

【真题实例】(剑七-Test4-Task1 Pie charts)

The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units.

【真题实例】(剑七-Test2-Task1 line graphs)

Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).

【真题实例】(剑六-Test3)

The first is to select cocoons, which then are heated in boiled water.

6. 非谓语

【解析】A超过B的句型,一般用于后半句。

常用句型:overtaking/surpassing/exceeding

【范例】

The consumption of chicken, in the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.

7. 定语从句

【解析】导入数据。(非常好的增加内容,给出数据的写法。)

【真题实例】(剑三-Test4)

In March, 1993.United Stats had seven percent of their workforce which might not seen disastrous until compared with Japan, where 2.5% were unemployed.

【真题实例】(剑三-Test4)

Noticeably, the highest divorce rate was in 1980, when about 1.4 million divorces attracted the attention.

8. from…to…句型

【解析】常用于导入数据,表示从某一年份的数据上涨或表示下跌到某一个年份的数据。(描写动态图一定会用得到。)

【真题实例】(剑2–Test1)

The greatest increase was in telephone ownership, rising from 42% in 1972 to 77% in 1983.

9. 非谓语从句

【解析】常用于表示伴随,一般用来导入数据。(多从范文中积累。)

必备技巧:根据语境选动词。

【真题实例】(剑七-Test4)

But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units.

【真题实例】(剑八-Test2)

Teachers’ pay remained the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.

10. with表示伴随

【解析】常用于表示伴随,一般用来导入数据。(非常简单好用的结构。)

【真题实例】(剑八-Test1)

The impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal, with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively.

11. 括号的用法

【解析】常用于表示伴随,一般用来导入数据。(一定要学会的加分写法。)

【真题实例】(剑八-Test1)

Europe, with the highest overall percentage of land degraded(23%), also suffered from over-cultivation(7.7%) and over-grazing(5.5%).

以下句型在比较几个对象的时候一定用得到:

12. 倍数30 times less than

【解析】常用于比较,同时用到倍数。(注意语序,数字在前,than在后。)

【真题实例】(剑五-Test4)

It only has 11 kilometres of route, which is more than 30 times less than that of London.

13. This was then followed by

【解析】常用于比较大小,可以跟在最大值后面。(很实用,高分范文中一般少不了它们。)

【真题实例】(剑五-Test4)

This was then followed by the opening of the railway systems in Tokyo, Washington DC and Kyoto.

14. Next came+非谓语伴随(高分写法)

【解析】常用于后半句,引出第二大的对象,同时还可以结合非谓语伴随导入数据。(和上一个句型原理相同。)

【真题实例】(剑二-Test1)

Next came central heating ownership, rising from 37% of households in 1972 to 64% in 1983.

15. A>B句型

【解析】常用于比较大小,尤其是在静态图中的overview位置。(静态图高频句型。)

【常用句型】was always larger than...

【真题实例】(剑六-Test4)

within the thirty years, the number of marriages was always larger than that (BTW: 注意加这个that) of divorces.

【真题实例】(剑四-Test4)

The county with the largest number of British tourists was France (around 11 million), followed by Spain (around 9.5 million).

16. while/whereas句型

【解析】常用于前后两个对象对比数据大小或趋势(只要对比,while一般少不了。)

【真题实例】(剑七-Test2)

Lamp and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while/whereas such less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).

综合运用:

17. With伴随+括号法+followed by

【解析】常用于静态图。先用with简洁地引出最大值,然后括号法导入数据,再用followed by引出对比的项目,然后再用括号简洁地导入数据。(当遇到最大值和第二大值比较的时候,可以参考此用法。)

【真题实例】(剑四-Test4)

The county with the largest number of British tourists was France (around 11 million), followed by Spain (around 9.5 million).

雅思大作文审题偏差原因及对策真题解析

在考生写作之前,审题是必须要操作的步骤,而且也是关乎作文分数最为关键的一环。因为,无论什么样的写作考试,最重要也是最基本的要求就是:写作要紧扣主题符合题意,否则,即使观点再精彩、语言再优美、论据再充实,作文也无法得到高分。但遗憾的是,很多考生审题经常会出现偏差,最后导致作文全盘皆输。导致审题偏差的原因有很多种,本文中,专家将着重对生词原因进行分析,并指导考生该如何应对。

▲问题原因:生词

生词,是考生审题出现偏差最普遍的问题。一方面,雅思考生越来越低龄化:很多考生年龄小,大多数词汇量非常少,有的考生能够认识的单词甚至还不到1000个。另一方面,雅思的大作文考题尤其是学术类的,话题偏重于社会话题,语言偏书面化,因此有很多考生,其中不乏许多大学生,都会有此感慨:题目有单词不认识啊。

▲对策

①积累话题核心词

1. 何谓“题干核心词”

雅思议论文题目虽多,但是会有一些出现频率比较高的实意词即为:“题干核心词”。

2. 学习“题干核心词”的方法

对于“题干核心词”的学习,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生从“写作机经”入手,找出题干中出现的实意词并作积累。

●请看以下雅思真题:

1. International travel often leads people to have some prejudices rather than broad-mind. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? What do you think people can do to get better understanding of the countries they visit?

2. International travel sometimes makes people more prejudiced rather than board-minded. Give out reasons why it cannot bring benefits to those visitors. Do you have ways to improve people's understanding of the countries they visit?

上述两道雅思真题虽然提问方式有所不同,但是题干中核心词是相同的,而且尤其是“prejudice”一词是理解难度比较大的。因此,如果考生认真复习机经积累题干中的实意词,那么,遇到生词的几率就将大大降低。

②借助连接词

1. 何谓“连接词”

连接词主要是表明“词与词”或“句与句”或“段与段”之间关系的词。在题干中出现比较多的,能够帮助考生猜测词义的是:表示比较、转折、让步、并列的连接词。

2. 学习“连接词”的方法

建议考生可以按照连接词所表示的不同逻辑分别记忆。

题目中出现频率较多的连接词有:

表示比较:in contrast, by comparison, similarly, while

表示转折:however, on the other hand, nevertheless

表示让步:although, despite, in spite of

表示并列:and

●请看以下雅思真题:

Many people believe that today there is a general increase in anti-social behavior and lack of respect for others. What might have caused this situation? How to improve it?

在这道雅思题目中,anti-social behavior是一个具有相当难度的词。在考生词汇面与量都不令人满意的情况下,这个词是很难理解的。当然,如果有的考生背过前缀的话,他也能理解这个词。但是,事实是很少有考生会背前缀,因为它太枯燥了。那么,我们借助并列连接词“and”能否猜出这个生词的意思呢?答案是肯定的。“lack of respect for others”表示对他人不尊重,是不利于社会和谐的行为。那么,和它并列的“antisocial behavior”呢?当然也是对社会不利的行为了,也就是“反社会行为”。

③根据上下句提示

1. 适用范围

有的时候,考生会遇到特别长的题目,题干的部分往往不只一句话。如果遇到这样的题目,考生就可以使用这种方法来猜词了。

2. 使用方法

首先,理解上句表达的意思。

其次,关注句与句间的逻辑。

●请看以下雅思真题:

Surveys show that in many countries people are living longer. But increased life expectancy has many implications for the aging individuals and for society as a whole. What are the possible effects of longer living for individuals and society?

在这道题目中,对于许多考生来说生词有点多:“life expectancy”与“implication”。但是第一句和最后一句给考生以重要提示,该题目研究的现象是“longer living”的“effects”即“人们越来越长寿带来的影响”,因此可以判定“life expectancy”表示“寿命”,而“implication”表示影响。

④根据题型特点

1. 适用范围

这种对策特别适用于discussion类,即“观点讨论类”的题目。

2. 题型特点

“观点讨论类”的题目特点是就相同主题谈不同的观点。

● 请看以下雅思真题:

Some people think it is acceptable to use animals for the benefit of humans. Other people think it is wrong to exploit animals for human purposes. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

这道题,我们通过看它的问法就可以判定此题为“观点讨论题”。有部分考生会认为“exploit”是生词。但是,如果考生心里明确此类题目的特点为“讨论相同主题”的话,那么就可以依据第一个观点“有人认为利用动物为人类某福利是可以接受的”,提炼出主题“人类是否应该利用动物为自己谋福利”,即可判断出“exploit”表示“利用”。而且,审题时考生也能够发现两个观点的句式都是基本相同的,这更加方便考生猜词了。

总而言之,生词并不可怕,生词问题需要同学们发挥主观能动性采取有效的方式去应对。希望以上的这些方法能够使考生们的写作备考更加得法、有效,审题正确率更高。

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