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雅思作文的六大难关,怎么突破 雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)

更新:2023年04月22日 18:51 雅思无忧

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思作文的六大难关,怎么突破 雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下),希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
雅思作文的六大难关,怎么突破 雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)

雅思作文的六大难关,怎么突破?


一、心态


从雅思考试四部分来看,考生一般认为阅读和听力具备大量的解题技巧,只要将这些解题技巧掌握了,提高就会很快。而口语也有一系列的应付方法和考场对策。但是,相对而言,写作却是英语综合能力的体现,考生认为短短几个月的时间内突飞猛进基本不现实,因此对写作抱一种恐慌心态。于是得过且过,认为只要写作将就就行,自己不如把时间多花在听力和阅读上来帮自己“拉分”。持此种观点的中国考生不在少数,造成这样一种情况:大多考生对写作热情不高,把大量时间和精力花在阅读听力的练习上,从而到头来写作总的来说都没练过几次,以至于找不到写作文的一种节奏和感觉。到了考场上,必然会因为发挥不出真实的写作水平导致分数不理想。


二、英语基础薄弱


许多参加雅思考试的考生并非英语专业的学生。另外还有一些高中生出去读本科,本来学得就不多。又或者有一些移民的考生,基本没学过英语。在这种情况下,总的说来,中国考生普遍英语水平比较低,基础比较薄弱。以这样的状态参加雅思考试很难达到雅思要求,尤其写作需要体现使用英语的综合能力。


三、对写作套句和框架和盲从


一些培训机构和市面上的一些雅思写作资料针对雅思写作研究出了一系列的写作中能利用的万能套句和关于整篇文章的万能模板和框架。而这些套句和模板又偏偏受到考生的大力追捧和喜爱,皆因通过套句和模板简化了考生的写作任务,使写作变得相对轻松和容易,但是殊不知这些套句和模板有时候却是致命的。雅思专家认为:首先,套句和模板非常死板不灵活,导致考生观点和句子表达机械,脱节,给人一种别扭的感觉。另外,考官见识过许多所谓的模板文章,对此非常反感,因为模板文章体现的并不是考生的英语能力而是记忆能力。第三,套句和模板大多为一些空洞的语言,不具备实际意义。因此,这样的文章分数必然不会高。


四、 思维方式和思维习惯


有学者曾经提出过文化思维对话语模式的影响,认为西方人的思维是直线型,而东方人的思维是螺旋型的。西方人写文章的时候直接表达必定优于间接表达,并且说话人的立场保持一致,不会用无关的信息掩盖真实的观点。因此英语写作一般以直线展开。通常包含四个部分:引出、主题、支撑、结论。


反之,中国人是螺旋式思维,写文章的时候,把思想发上出去了还要收回来,让它落在原来的起点上。这样的圆型思维导致了汉语表达的螺旋式结构,即以反复而又发展的螺旋形式对一种问题加以展开,尽量避免直接切入主题,喜欢用描述性语言进行迂回说明。这样的写作方式是不符合雅思写作要求的。


五、 思路狭隘和观点匮乏


雅思题目范围比较广泛,许多考生在面对写作题目时常会遇到知识的盲点,导致无从下笔。另外还有一种情况:有些考生平时懒于思考,未经过论点发散训练,这也导致在考试中因思路不开阔,思考不出足够的论点来支撑文章从而只有将同样的论点换表达方式反复的说。第三,平时对与写作有关的话题阅读不够,缺乏对论点的积累,造成考试当中拿到简单的话题也无点可用。


六、 逻辑思维能力不足


雅思写作第二部分要求根据一个大众广泛关注的有争议的话题写一篇议论文。议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论,表明自己观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。非常注重说理的准确性和逻辑性。雅思专家发现中国考生在议论文写作中除了英语表达上的困难和对某些题目内容缺乏了解外,最值得关注的地方便在于论证的逻辑思维能力不足。主要体现在论据对论点支撑时段落的统一性和发散性不够。另外连接词使用混乱,句与句关系不明。这些问题的原因在于考生在以前的英语学习中注重的只是词汇和语法的积累和学习,对于逻辑思维的训练基本为零,因此难以获得雅思写作高分。

雅思作文找观点的几点常用原则(下)

4.权利自由原则
动物:
It is a breach of their natural rights to take them by force into captivity for our own purposes.
Animals have the right to be treated as beings of value in themselves, not as the means to human ends.
死刑:
The right to life is inviolable and protected by law.
One human right is the right to life and taking a life away by execution is cruel, inhumane and degrading.
极限运动:
People should be free to participate in activities with others as long as it does not affect the safety of non-participants.
摄像机:
They feel that being watched constantly is like being in a jail, and that ordinary people are losing their freedom because of these devices.
强迫老年人退休:
Compulsorily retiring old employees can affect the older individual’s freedom - and right - to work and can deprive society of valuable experience and insights.
禁酒:
Banning alcohol infringes people’s civil liberties to an unacceptable degree.
禁烟:
While a government has a responsibility to protect its population, it also has a responsibility to defend their freedom of choice.
新闻审查:
Banning advertisements is a severe restriction upon freedom of speech.
We have accepted that freedom of expression should have limits.
The risks of stifling free expression far outweigh the potential for unacceptable material.
An individual's rights end when they impinge on the safety and rights of others.
媒体报道名人:
Famous people deserve privacy and respect.
Although, generally speaking, the media should not interfere in people’s private lives, there are times when it is correct to do so.
母亲在家带孩子:
Mothers should have as much freedom as anyone else in society to decide what is best for them and their children.
家庭教育:
If they feel that the child would be best educated at home, by them or by another, that is their right.
控制人口:
They feel that this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves.
分开教育:
Among these opponents are “equal education” advocates, who argue that every student has the same right to enjoying high quality education regardless of gender, race, wealth, and most importantly, regardless of their minor differences in intellectual abilities.
资助艺术:
So-called "elite culture" should be available for all to enjoy, and not just confined to the rich.

5.文化原则
1)文化重要性
捕鲸:
Whale hunting is an important aspect of some people’s cultural heritage.
建筑:
Architecture is part of a country’s cultural heritage.
语言:
Language is a type of cultural heritage.
Language is often seen as a badge of identity and more conflict may be created if the global community is seen to prefer one language to another.
电视:
Television is mostly directed to films and shows that have commercial purposes but little cultural value.

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