雅思考试近五年真题听力 雅思听力往年原题

雅思听力考试分为四个部分，每个部分有10道题目，每道听力题目算一分，所以雅思听力整个部分有40道题目。雅思听力部分一共是30分钟听题时间，并且雅思听力的每个section前后都会间隔30秒钟，雅思听力听完录音后会有10分钟的时间进行誉写答案。
雅思听力四个部分的测试题内容：

第一部分：

雅思听力话题范围：社会生活;

雅思听力材料内容：双向交流的谈话;

雅思听力主要考察点：雅思听力理解和记录特定的事实性信息;

雅思听力第一部分题目数量：10道。

第二部分：

雅思听力话题范围：社会生活;

雅思听力材料内容：具有交流目的的独白 ，例如介绍一个公众活动;

雅思听力主要考察点：雅思听力理解和记录特定的事实性信息;

雅思听力第二部分题目数量：10道。

第三部分：

雅思听力话题范围：教育和培训;

雅思听力材料内容：2-4人在学术环境下的讨论 ，例如辅导或讨论会;

雅思听力主要考察点：雅思听力理解涉及语义猜测的对话。雅思听力理解特定的信息、态度和发言者的看法;

雅思听力第三部分题目数量：10道。

第四部分：

雅思听力话题范围：教育和培训;

雅思听力材料内容：在学术环境下的独白， 例如授课;

雅思听力主要考察点：雅思听力理解学术论证。雅思听力理解特定的信息、态度和发言者的看法;

雅思听力第四部分题目数量：10道。

雅思阅读 与听力怎么从5.5到6
在日常教学过程中，很多考生在参加完雅思培训之后，或者在自己备考复习不断做了题之后，去参加雅思考试，最终的听力分数会在5.5分左右徘徊。甚至很多考生在多次雅思考试之后，听力止步不前，总是停留在5.5分到6.0分之间，甚至有时考试某次难度波动，分数急转直下，奔着4.5分到5.0分档去了。朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师，将针对某些问题，针对5.5分到6.0分区间的考生，诊断一下当前可能存在的问题，请自行对号入座。
一、内心波澜起伏状
在日常的教学过程中，我们发现，有不少考生，特别是第一次参加考试的考生，会不断向老师传达这样一种信息：内心很紧张，特别是在模考的时候，心脏要跳到嗓子眼了。还有些有过几次雅思考试的同学也会有反映到，平时训练成绩稳定在6.5分，甚至更高，考试的时候一紧张，某个词没反应过来、某段语音速度太快了、某个部分的题目太难了，导致考试成绩急转直下，分数低于预期。
这样的考生不在少数，你是否有也些这样的感觉呢？然而，我们试着换一个角度来看待这种状况，是不是可以理解为心里素质不佳呢？那么，再深挖一下。是不是可以理解为准备不充分，或者本来就是基础都没有夯实？仅仅是考生自我感觉良好，在日常训练时形成的一种假象，由于考试的场景感觉与平日练习截然不同，导致了你“原形毕露”。
这对这样的问题，朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师建议考生，首先调整一下心态，切忌眼高手低，坚持踏踏实实的完成每天的复习任务。你可能不缺词汇量、不缺语音辨识能力、也不缺解题方法，缺的是一种踏实和平静的心态。
对于考试时内心波澜起伏、慌慌张张的考生而言，重在平时做题时的调整。在练习题目的时候，除了做题之外，还要善于总结出题规律，如果觉得必要，可以做一下场景考点的总结工作，把雅思听力中长考到的一些场景以思维导图的形式罗列一下，还有总结一下自己常出现那些错误，思考一下今后做题的过程中如何避免这类问题。
总之，这类考生真正的问题并不是英语基础或者临场状态问题，而是在日常复习过程中是否养成良好的做题习惯和复习习惯。只有把日常做题时的行为常规化、常态化，才有可能保证考生在考场上稳定的发挥。
二、同义替换错乱状
同义替换是雅思考试的一个宗旨，无论是在口语写作还是在阅读听力中，同义替换都体现得淋漓尽致。许多考生在听力题目中有同义替换的意识，但是根据考生自述做题体验，以及做题结果来看，同义替换内容还是没有精确的把握住。经常听到考生这样反应：同义词拿捏不准。
针对这种“症状”的对策，朗阁的老师建议考生，首先要分清楚同义替换在听力中的三大类型：一是同义词或近义词的替换，二是从属关系的替换，三是事物近义描述替换。其次，要注意留心总结一些替换，必要的时候可以在做精听训练的时候，把这些同义替换内容写在题目旁边，这样在下次练习时可以随时看到，强化意识。最后，掌握一些常见的替换是有必要的，比如当我们在题目中看到seek这个单词的时候，你会想到哪些同义替换呢？听力真题中给出了look for, find out, discover, identify这几个词的替换。虽然，在考试中未必会一模一样的出现这些固定替换词汇，但考生如果有意识，能在处理像如选择题、匹配题这类会意类题目时，理解速度上相对快一些。
三、听题以偏概全状
听题以偏概全的考生实在太多了，这似乎时很多考生。在日常教学过程中，朗阁的老师在与学生沟通课堂反馈时，经常听到考生们在讨论有些部分的听力内容时，这样说：“这部分的前两个题目还是能跟上的，从第三题开始，我就开始跟不上，走神了，后面的题目要么就是听到某些词就填上这些词，要么就是空过去。”
比如，剑桥8 Test2 Section3的选择题就是很好反映出这类考生状态的一道题目。在日常教学中，针对那些有过雅思考试经历的考生，要检测他们是否存在做题时以偏概全意识，就可以那这套题的前4道选择题试一试。4道题目如下，正确选项用红色字体标注，易错选的选项用蓝色字体标注：
21 Where in Australia have Asian honey bees been found in the past?
A Queensland
B New South Wales
C several states
22 A problem with Asian honey bees is that they
A attack native bees
B carry parasites
C damage crops
23 What point is made about Australian bees?
A their honey varies in quality
B their size stops them from pollinating some flowers
C they are sold to customers abroad
24 Grant Freeman says that if Asian honey bees got into Australia
A the country’s economy would be affected
B they could be used in the study of allergies
C certain areas of agriculture would benefit
这里，如果学生存在以偏概全的状况，错题大多数会在第21、23和24题。具体表现为，第21题，考生同时听到Queensland和New South Wales，不知落笔选哪一项，存在两项猜一项的可能；第23题，考生听到部分词组，如excellent quality，从而错选A选项，而另有一部分考生听到too big to pollinate many of flowers而误解为时size的问题，从而错选B项；第24题，很多考生无法从多句话的描述上理解题意，而是只听到so in a way they are the farmers’ friends，从而理解成为蜜蜂对农业是有利的，进而错选C项。
其实，根据教学经验来看，以偏概全的现象多数情况下是出现在做选择题时。就当前的命题趋势来看，多数选择不再是走“点对点”出题模式的套路了，而是更多的倒向“点对面”的出题模式，即录音中以长句子、大篇幅描述为主，选项仅仅是对描述内容的高度概括。而现实是，很多考生能够准确定位答案出处，然而遗憾的是，答案出处的内容往往是文字量巨大的，很多考生无法从中完全理解意思，因此只能“只言片语”式的理解个别词，而这些个别词却恰恰是官方命题时设计的“坑“。请考生们牢牢记住，多数答案都是以同义替换的形式出现的，那些一模一样出现的词不可能是答案，我们宁肯不选。
那么，遇到以偏概全的问题，我们应该如何解决呢？
归根结底，出现这种问题，还是归结为“听不懂”，即单个词或词组能够听明白，连成句子以后，信息混乱，更甚者，若干句话无法理解。了解了原因之后，我们来看一看对策。解决这种问题，最本质的方法是强化精听训练。如何精听呢？这里介绍一种方法，影子训练法。
训练法也叫影子跟读法，即录音开始播放的时候就跟着一起读，而且是不能看原文。训练的初级阶段，可以进行逐句脱稿跟读，即听一句，停下来，把听到的句子说出来，有时一句话分两到三次才能说出来，这是非常正常的现象，一次跟不下来就分若干次进行。这是一个过程性的训练，刚开始的时候，跟读完一篇section可能需要1个小时左右的时间，但是，坚持训练下来，你会发现你自己的反应和记忆能力越来越好了。根据实践反馈来看，听力分数已经达到5.5分的考生，大约需要训练二十到三十天左右即可有比较明显的进步。
需要注意的是，有些句子就是非常难听懂，包括后期进行影子训练时也可能会存在这样的句子，不能一遍就听懂。如果存在这种情形，句子听了多次仍不理解，可以找到原文把句子标记下来，然后跟着录音多读几遍。读的时候请注意模仿speaker的语音语调，即他们的口音。而且，这样的句子要经常拿出来读一读，听一听。
四、耳熟心不熟状
考生在做题时，经常会有这种问题，即听到某些词的发音，拼命的回忆这个词的拼写，结果好几句话已经从耳边瞬间路过；还有这样的情况，有的学生在听到某些单词发音之后，在大脑中迅速做匹配，可结果往往都是张冠李戴。比如tent写成ten，castle写成cattle，meal写成male，等等。
这种考生在做section 1和section 4的部分填空题时，往往会因为这种状况，错误连篇。造成这种问题的原因，跟平时背单词的方法和练习听力的方法有关系。
先来说说背单词的问题。多数情况下，很多学生喜欢看词汇书上的单词表来背单词。方法往往是，看一下单词，后面的音标粗略看看，根据音标或自己的拼读习惯读一下这个单词，汉语意思仔细看看，使劲记忆，然后就在本子上拼写几遍，如此往复，一天可以被不少单词。但是，经过几天之后，你会发现，之前背过的单词忘了很多；或者，在听听力的时候，仍然不能快速反应汉语意思，当看到录音原文时，全都认识上面的单词。
比如，我们经常使用剑4 Test 1 Section 4这篇录音来检测学生单词掌握情况，反馈如下，其中红色字体表示，学生只有在听录音时没有反应过来的单词，蓝色字体表示，学生听力和阅读都不认的单词。
Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to live in.
Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make a city, as a whole, a bit less windy or a bit more windy, if that's what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it's a hot summer day in an Australian city, or they can make it a bit more humid if it's a dry inland city. On the local scale - that is, in particular areas within the city - trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact trees and planting of various kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas.
How do trees do all that, you ask?
Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechani* to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be twenty degrees more than our temperature. Trees on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means that they can humidify the air and cool it - a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate.
Trees can also help break the force of winds. The reason that high buildings make it windier at ground level is that, as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level. That doesn't happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it, preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.
Another problem in built-up areas is that traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter, but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings although the effect is not as large as people like to think. Low-frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as though they aren't there.
Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do however take up a lot of space. There are root systems to consider and branches blocking windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There is not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon - a whole set of high-rises enclosed in a narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce.
通过上面的反馈，可以看出，在一篇难度略简单的section 4中，学生完全不认识的单词寥寥无几，大多数时候都是对发音感到陌生，而造成了反应迟钝。
下面来分析一下听力练习方法上出现的问题。在询问了学生是如何课下练习听力的时候，多数学生表示，在做完一套题目之后，会把做错的题对应的录音和没有听懂的部分的录音再听几遍，然后看看原文。
不得不说，这样的做法仅是一种表面功夫。只是在被动地听上几遍，而没有把“动口”、“动手”融入进来，能估保证听的句子能听懂了，但并不能保证换了一句话照样能听懂了，即便是没听懂的句子当时能听懂，几天之后再去听，未必能听懂。也就是说，听力能力并未得到真正训练。
针对这种“不走心”的状况，考生需要调整平时英语复习时的方法，特别是对待识记单词和听力练习的方法。
在背单词方面，词汇书固然重要，但是针对听力练习来说，背了单词要能听出来并能准确说出汉语意思，才是背单词的精髓。因此，朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师建议考生，在平时背单词时，一定要结合词汇的发音去识记，多听多读；此外，背锅的单词，不要孤立起来，要结合一些例句，最好是听力中听到的句子来强化记忆。比如，当我们背了vegetation这个词，在听听力时恰巧遇到该句话：how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate. 就要刻意去听一下这个单词在录音中是如何读的，可以去模仿一下speaker的发音和语调。
在备考期间听力训练方面，建议结合上文提到的“影子训练法”来练习精听，并融合听写训练对听力能力进一步提升。考生需要明白，听力练习不仅仅是对某句话句意的理解，而是对所有英语单词组成的句子的理解，考试不会出现与练习一模一样的句子，但是会出现一模一样的单词，这些单词排列组合起来构成五花八门的句子。我们的跟读或听写，就是针对这些单词组成的各种各样的句子的反复练习，才形成了听译能力的。
以上“四大状”只是一些考生们最常见的问题，在接下来的复习当中，如果你也存在这四个问题，可以按以上思路针对解决。

雅思听力一直是考试的重点，那么雅思听力往年的原题有哪些呢？下面是我整理的雅思听力往年原题。这是不少出国人士很是关心的问题，和雅思栏目一起来了解相关资讯，欢迎阅读。

雅思听力往年原题

Study Finds Web Antifraud Measure Ineffective

Published: February 5, 2007 New York Times

1. Internet security experts have long known that simple passwords do not fully defend online bank accounts from determined fraud artists. Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.

2.The study, produced jointly by researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, looked at a technology called site-authentication images. In the system, currently used by financial institutions like Bank of America, ING Direct and Vanguard, online banking customers are asked to select an image, like a dog or chess piece, that they will see every time they log in to their account.

3.The idea is that if customers do not see their image, they could be at a fraudulent Web site, dummied up to look like their bank’s, and should not enter their passwords.

4.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers tested that hypothesis. In October, they brought 67 Bank of America customers in the Boston area into a controlled environment and asked them to conduct routine online banking activities, like looking up account balances. But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.

5.Of 60 participants who got that far into the study and whose results could be verified, 58 entered passwords anyway. Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.

6.“The premise is that site-authentication images increase security because customers will not enter their passwords if they do not see the correct image,” said Stuart Schechter, a computer scientist at the M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory. “From the study we learned that the premise is right less than 10 percent of the time.”

7.He added: “If a bank were to ask me if they should deploy it, I would say no, wait for something better,” he said.

8.The system has some high-power supporters in the financial services world, many trying to comply with new online banking regulations. In 2005, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, an interagency body of federal banking regulators, determined that passwords alone did not effectively thwart intruders like identity thieves.

9.It issued new guidelines, asking financial Web sites to find better ways for banks and customers to identify each other online. January 2007 was set as the compliance date, though the council has yet to begin enforcing the mandate.

10.Banks immediately knew what they did not want to do: ask customers to download new security software, or carry around hardware devices that feed them PIN codes they can use to authenticate their identities. Both solutions would add an extra layer of security but, the banks believed, detract from the convenience of online banking.

11.The image system, introduced in 2004 by a Silicon Valley firm called PassMark Security, offered banks a pain-free addition to their security arsenals. Bank of America was among the first to adopt it, in June 2005, under the brand name SiteKey, asking its 21 million Web site users to select an image from thousands of possible choices and to choose a unique phrase they would see every time they logged in.

12.SiteKey “gives our customers a fairly easy way of authenticating the Bank of America Web site,” said Sanjay Gupta, an e-commerce executive at the bank. “It was very well received.”

13.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers, however, found that most online banking customers did not notice when the SiteKey images were absent. When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured. The error message also had a conspicuous spelling mistake, further suggesting something fishy.

14.Mr. Gupta of Bank of America said he was not troubled by the results of the survey, and stressed that SiteKey had made the bank’s Web site more secure. He also said that the system was only a single part of a larger security blanket. “It’s not like we’re betting the bank on SiteKey,” he said.

15.Most financial institutions, like Bank of America, have other ways to tell if a customer is legitimate. The banks often drop a *all software program, called a cookie, onto a user’s PC to associate the computer with the customer. If the customer logs in from another machine, he may be asked personal questions, like his mother’s maiden name.

16.Rachna Dhamija, the Harvard researcher who conducted the study, points out that swindlers can use their dummy Web sites to ask customers those personal questions. She said that the study demonstrated that site-authentication images are fundamentally flawed and, worse, might actually detract from security by giving users a false sense of confidence.

17.RSA Security, the company that bought PassMark last year, “has a lot of great data on how SiteKey instills trust and confidence and good feelings in their customers,” Ms. Dhamija said. “Ultimately that might be why they adopted it. Sometimes the appearance of security is more important than security itself.”

(811 words )

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1.According to internet security experts, secondary security measures provide little additional protection against fraud.

2.In the Harvard and MIT study, two subjects didn’t log on without seeing the correct pictures.

3.According to Schechter, more than 90% of online banking customers studied logged on without seeing the right pictures.

4.The image system is the only security measure that the banks mentioned in the passage have currently.

5.Bank of America is the first bank that adopted the image system.

Questions 6-13

Answer the following questions or complete the following sentences by choosing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

6.What is ING Direct and Vanguard?

7.What might online banking customers be cheated to give at a fraudulent Web site?

8.What may stop online banking customers from using new verification methods?

9.The key to online banking security is to verify the ______ of customers.

10.Where is PassMark Security located?

11.What is the reason why SiteKey is popular among online banking customers?

12.What was used instead of images in the Harvard and M.I.T. study?

13.How many security methods are mentioned in this passage?

1. 第一段“Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.”似与问题文字很接近，但是原文中a popular secondary security measure是指特定的一个措施，而非泛指所有secondary security measure。原文没有其它secondary security measure安全有效性的内容。故应选择NG。

2. 见第4、5段内容。第四段 “But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.”即研究人员撤下了图形，第五段“Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.”，有两个人因为安全考虑未进入。

3. T 见第6段。

4. F 见第11、14段。

5. F 见第11段“Bank of America was among the first to adopt it”，可见首批采用图形识别软件的银行并非Bank of America一家。

6. A financial institution 见第二段。

7. (their) passwords 见第三段。

8. less convenience 见第十段。

9. identity 见第八、十段。

10. Silicon Valley 见第十一段。

11. easy to use 见第十二段。

12. site maintenance message 见第十三段“When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured.”

13. 4 分别见第十段的“download new security software”和“hardware devices that feed them PIN codes”，第十五段的“a *all software program, called a cookie”，以及本文提到的site-authentication images。