雅思真题4听力带翻译 雅思听力里的一句话,不明白,翻译一下

阅读：
Reading Passage:
Marie Curie is probably the most famous woman scientist who has ever lived. Born Maria Sklodowska in Poland in 1867, she is famous for her work on radioactivity, and was twice a winner of the Nobel Prize. With her hu*and, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, she was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics, and was then sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.

Question:
Does the following statement agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? Write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

Marie Curie's hu*and was a joint winner of both Marie's Nobel Prizes.

雅思考题回顾答案：
阅读：FALSE

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1—13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. For the so-called power events — that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump — times and distances have improved ten to twenty percent. In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic. At the 1908 Olympics, John Hayes of the U.S. team ran a marathon in a time of 2:55:18. In 1999, Morocco's Khalid Khannouchi set a new world record of 2:05:42, almost thirty percent faster.

自从20世纪早期国际田径联合会开始记录，运动员奔跑的速度、跳跃的高度和投掷重物的距离、跳远的距离都一直持稳步上升的趋势。对于需要相对短促的爆发力的所谓力量型项目，例如100米短跑和跳远——时间和距离都有了10%到20%的提高。在耐力项目张，结果更加惊人。在1908年奥运会中，美国队的John Hayes跑出了2:55:18的马拉松成绩。在1999年，摩洛哥的Khalid Khannouchi跑出了2:05:42的新世界纪录，快了将近30%。

No one theory can explain improvements in performance, but the most important factor has been genetics. ‘The athlete must choose his parents carefully,’ says Jesus Dapena, a sports scientist at Indiana University, invoking an oft-cited adage. Over the past century, the composition of the human gene pool has not changed appreciably, but with increasing global participation in athletics — and greater rewards to tempt athletes — it is more likely that individuals possessing the unique complement of genes for athletic perfomance can be identified early. ‘Was there someone like [sprinter] Michael Johnson in the 1920s?’ Dapena asks. ‘I’m sure that there was, but his talent was probably never realized.’

没有一种理论可以完整地解释运动员表现的进步，但是最重要因素是基因。”运动员一定要小心地选择父母，”Jesus Dapena，一位印第安纳大学的运动科学家引用了谚语说道。在过去的一个世纪里，人类基因库的构成并没有明显变化，但是随着全球参与体育运动——再加上吸引运动员的奖励越来越多——现在更有可能尽早地发现具备独特运动基因的个体。“在19世纪20年代，还有没有像短跑名将迈克尔·约翰逊一样的人了？”Dapena问道。“我确定是有的，但是他的天赋可能一直不为人所知。”

Identifying genetically talented individuals is only the first step. Michael Yessis, an emeritus professor of Sports Science at California State University at Fullerton, maintains that ‘genetics only determines about one third of what an athlete can do. But with the right training we can go much further with that one third than we’ve been going.’ Yessis believes that U.S. runners, despite their impressive achievements, are ‘running on their genetics’. By applying more scientific methods, ‘they’re going to go much faster’. These methods include strength training that duplicates what they are doing in their running events as well as plyometrics, a technique pioneered in the former Soviet Union.

发现有基因天赋的个体只是第一步。Michael Yessis，加州大学Fullerton分校的退休教授认为，“基因只能决定一个运动员能力的三分之一。但是辅以正确的训练，我们能做的远不止这三分之一。Yessis认为，美国的跑步运动员，不论他们有多令人印象深刻的成就，都是在”靠着基因跑步”。通过使用更多的科学手段，“他们将会跑得更快”。这些手段包括重复运动员在比赛中动作的力量训练，还有前苏联首先使用的一种技术——增强式训练。

Whereas most exercises are designed to build up strength or endurance, plyometrics focuses on increasing power — the rate at which an athlete can expend energy. When a sprinter runs, Yessis explains, her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second, half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off. Plyometric exercises help athletes make the best use of this brief interval.

虽然大部分锻炼都是为了增强体力和耐力，增增强式训练却专注于力量——运动员使用能量的速度。Yessis解释说，当一个短跑运动员的脚与地面接触时间少于十分之一秒时，一半的时间用于着地，另一半时间用于蹬地。增强式训练帮助运动员充分利用这短暂的一瞬间。

Nutrition is another area that sports trainers have failed to address adequately. ‘Many athletes are not getting the best nutrition, even through supplements,’ Yessis insists. Each activity has its own nutritional needs. Few coaches, for instance, understand how deficiencies in trace mineral can lead to injuries.

营养是运动员教练不够重视的方面。“很多运动员即使吃着补品，也得不到最好的营养。”Yessis坚持说。每种运动都有它所需要的营养。几乎没有有教练懂得缺乏微量矿物质元素会带来什么样的伤害。

Focused training will also play a role in enabling records to be broken. ‘If we applied the Russian training model to some of the outstanding runners we have in this country,’ Yessis asserts, ‘they would be breaking records left and right.’ He will not predict by how much, however: ‘Exactly what the limits are it’s hard to say, but there will be increase even if only by hundredths of a second, as long as our training continues to improve.’

在打破记录方面，集中训练也扮演着重要的角色。“如果我们采用俄罗斯人训练模特的方法来训练这个国家中一些出色的运动员，”Yessis说，“他们会处处破纪录的。”然而，他并不会语言能破多少记录。“很难说极限到底在哪里，但只要我们的训练继续改进，就一定会进步，哪怕是一秒钟只提高百分之一。

One of the most important new methodologies is biomechanics, the study of the body in motion. A biomechanics films an athlete in action and then digitizes her performance, recording the motion of every joint and limb in three dimensions. By applying Newton’s laws to these motions, ‘we can say that this athlete’s run is not fast enough; that this one is not using his arms strongly enough during take-off,’ says Dapena, who uses these methods to help high jumpers. To date, however, biomechanics has made only a *all difference to athletic performance.

最重要的新方法论之一就是生物力学，研究运动中的身体的学科。生物力学拍摄运动员运动的过程，然后将其表现数字化，并记录每一个关节和四肢运动的三维动态。通过在这些运动中采用牛顿定律，“我们可以说，这个运动员跑得还不够快；这个运动员在抛掷时手臂还不够用力，”Dapena说，他用这种方法帮助跳高运动员。但是，迄今为止，生物力学在运动员表现上只发挥了一点作用。

Revolutionary ideas still come from the athletes themselves. For example, during the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City, a relatively unknown high jumper named Dick Fo*ury won the gold by going over the bar backwards, in complete contradiction of all the received high-jumping wisdom, a move instantly dubbed the Fo*ury flop. Fo*ury himself did not know what he was doing. That understanding took the later *ysis of biomechanics, who put their minds to comprehending something that was too complex and unorthodox ever to have been invented through their own mathematical simulations. Fo*ury also required another element that lies behind many improvements in athletic performance: an innovation in athletic equipment. In Fo*ury’s case, it was the cushions that jumpers land on. Traditionally, high jumpers would land in pits filled with sawdust.But by Fo*ury’s time, sawdust pits had been replaced by soft foam cushions, ideal for flopping.

革命性的观点还是来自于运动员本身。比如说，在1968年的墨西哥奥运会，一个相对不知名的跳高运动员Dick Fo*ury通过向后跳跃的方法赢得了金牌，这个动作与所有已知的跳高方式都是相反的，立刻被命名为福斯贝立式挑高（即背跃式）。Fo*ury本人其实不知道自己在做什么。生物力学专家经过之后的分析理解了这一做法。他们绞尽脑汁地理解那些数学模拟法无法创造出来的，过于复杂，非传统的方法。Fo*ury也需要很多运动员表现进步背后的另一个因素：运动员装备创新。在Fo*ury的例子中，这个装备就运动员着陆的垫子。在过去，跳高运动员会着陆在装满木屑的深坑里。但是在Fo*ury的时代，装满木屑的深坑变成了柔软的泡沫塑料垫子，非常适合摔落。

In the end, most people who examination human performance are humbled by the resourcefulness of athletes and the powers of the human body. ‘Once you study athletics, you learn that it’s a vexingly complex issue,’ says John S.Raglin, a sports psychologist at Indiana University. ‘Core performance is not a simple of mundane thing of higher, faster, longer. So many variables enter into the equation, and our understanding in many cases is fundamental. We’ve got a long way to go.’ For the foreseeable future, records will be made to be broken.

最终，大部分测算过人类表现的人都被运动员的潜力和人类的身体的力量所折服。“当你研究运动员时，你会懂得这是一个极其复杂的问题，”印第安纳大学的运动心理学专家John S.Raglin说，核心表现不是一个更高，更快，更远的简单平凡问题。很多变量都要引入这一方程，而且在很多情况下我们的理解只是最基础的。我们还有很长的路要走。”在可以预见的将来，记录还会继续打破。

环球教育老师为同学们总结雅思口语考试必备问题如下，希望对您的备考有所帮助~

1. What's your name?

2. Does your name have any special meaning?

3. Where were you come from?

4. What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?

5. What is the main crop in your hometown?

6. What is the difference between Beijing and your hometown?

7. What are the main places of interest in your hometown?

8. What is the climate like in your hometown?

9. What is the character of the people like in the region where you live?

10. What are the differences in accent between the people of your hometown and Beijing?

11. What is people's favorite food in your region?

12. How do you make dumplings?

13. What do you do during the Spring Festival?

14. Why is the Spring Festival so important to Chinese people?

15. Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated in your country?

16. Tell me something about the Lantern Festival.

17. Tell me something about the Qing Ming Festival.

18. Tell me something about the customs of your country.

19. How long have you lived in Beijing?

20. What is the weather like in Beijing?

21. How do you compare the climate in Beijing with that in your hometown?

22. What place in Beijing do you like best? Why?

23. Which is the worst place you've been to China?

24. Which is the best place you've been to China?

25. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?

26. Are there any special customs about wedding in your region?

27. Describe a traditional wedding ceremony.

28. How do Chinese usually celebrate birthdays?

29. Are there any traditions concerning the birth of a baby?

30. Do you enjoy shopping?

不知道以上内容能否对您的雅思备考有些许帮助，如有雅思备考相关问题可以随时在线咨询我们的环球教育老师~~第一时间为您制定计划解答疑问，希望同学们都可以取得理想的雅思分数~

环球教育秉持教育成就未来的理念，专注于为中国学子提供优质的出国语言培训及配套服务。环球教育在教学中采用“九步闭环法”，帮助学生快速提升学习效能，同时提供优质的课后服务，跟进学生学习进程，为优质教学提供坚强的保障。目前，环球教育北京学校已构建了包含语言培训、出国咨询、国际课程、游学考察、在线课程等在内的一站式服务教育生态圈。相关问题可在线免费咨询，或拨打免费热线400-616-8800~~

参考译文
大人和孩子经常遇到一些讲述热带森林消失速度之快的描述。例如，有一个孩子很容易讲述的图例，其中说道，热带雨林被破坏的速度大概相当于每40分钟1000个足球场大小，而40分钟刚好是一节课的时间。在媒体频繁生动的报道中，孩子很有可能已经形成了关于热带雨林的一些想法，比如它们是什么，它们在哪里，为什么它们很重要，什么会威胁它们的存在，等等，而这些想法的形成不依赖于任何正规的学校教育。这些想法中，有一些也有可能是错误的。
很多研究表明，孩子对于在学校里学到的“纯”科学是存在误解的。这些误解不是孤立的，而是形成了多面性且有条理的概念框架。这一框架及其涉及的观点（其中有些是错误的）非常牢固，但仍是可以修正的。这些想法很有可能在孩子吸收媒体信息时得到进一步延伸，而有时候，媒体的信息也是有错误的。似乎学校也没有给学生提供机会去表述他们自己的想法，这样一来，教师及其同仁也就无法检验并纠正其中的错误。
尽管媒体大量的报道热带雨林被破坏的情况，孩子对于这一领域的正规了解却并不多。目前这项研究的目的就是开始提供此类信息、帮助教师就正确的观点设计他们的教育策略、纠正他们的误解以及在校内开展环境研究项目。
研究调查了孩子关于热带雨林的科学知识及态度。调查要求中学生完成一份问卷，其中包括五个开放型问题。第一个问题的最常见回答是来自“热带雨林”一词的字面描述。有的孩子对热带雨林的描述是潮湿、湿润或者闷热。第二个问题问及热带雨林的地理位置。最常见的回答是一些大洲或者国家的名称：非洲（占43%），南美（占30%），巴西（占25%）。有的孩子给出的地点更加笼统，比如“赤道周围”。
第三个题目问及热带雨林的重要性。占主导地位的想法是热带雨林为动物提供了栖息地，这种回答占64%。较少的学生回答说热带雨林为植物提供生长地，提到雨林中的土著居民的则更少。相对于男孩子(60%)而言，更多的女孩子(70%)提出动物栖息地的观点。
相似的是，与男生(5%)相比，更多的女生(13%)说热带雨林为人类提供栖息地。这些发现与我们之前对学生观点进行的研究的结论是一致的。在那项研究中，女生被证明对动物更有同情心，并且表达了一些观点。这些观点似乎对人类以外的生命给予了发自内心的珍惜。
第四个问题是关于热带雨林被破坏的原因。值得庆幸的是，超过一半的学生(59%)明确回答是人类行为造成了热带雨林的破坏，有些学生使用了“我们”这样的字眼来把这种责任与自身联系在一起。大约有18%的学生专门提到了乱砍滥伐现象。
10010的学生表达了一种误解，即酸雨破坏了热带雨林，大约同样比例的学生说污染破坏了热带雨林。在此问题上，对于热带雨林的破坏和由污染等因素造成的对西欧森林的破坏这两种不同情况，学生们产生了混淆。虽然有2/5的学生提到热带雨林能够提供氧气，但是在某些情况下，这一回答也包含着一些误解，例如他们认为热带雨林的破坏会导致大气层氧气减少，从而使大气层不适于地球上的人类居住。
最后一个问题是关于保护雨林的重要性。大部分孩子只是说我们需要有热带雨林才能生存。只有一些(6%)孩子提到热带雨林的破坏会导致全球变暖。考虑到媒体对于这一问题的大量报道，这个结果有点让人吃惊。有的孩子表达了这样的观点：保护热带雨林并不重要。
研究结果表明，有些观点主导了学生对于热带雨林的理解。学生们的回答表明他们在对热带雨林生态系统的科学知识上存在误解，例如他们认为热带雨林是动植物和人类的栖息地，并且把气候变化与热带雨林的破坏联系在一起。
学生们的回答表明他们并没有了解破坏热带雨林的各种因素的复杂性。换句话说，对于热带雨林在哪些方面非常重要，以及对于那些社会、经济和政治因素驱使人们作出破坏雨林的行为，学生们并不了解。值得欣慰的是，对于其他环境问题进行酶类似研究的结论表明，年长的孩子似乎获得了接受、珍视并且评价冲突观点的能力。环境教育提供了一个平台，在这个平台上，这些能力可以得到培养，而这对于孩子成长为未来的决策者是至关重要的。

这个分数有点低啊……大部分欧洲学校的要求是6分，好学校一般都是6.5，社科类的学科要7甚至更高。4.5这个分数去国外念书语言是不过关的。至于做翻译，个人觉得做口译的话以雅思4.5的成绩是没法胜任这份工作的。笔译的话，因为不涉及临场反应能力，多花点时间慢慢做勉勉强强可以完成工作，但是也达不到量的要求啊。
所以你若志在做翻译工作，提高自己的英语和中文水平才是正道。努力学习，你以后会是很优秀的翻译。