雅思考试试卷真题及答案详解 2020年8月1日雅思阅读考试真题答案

8月1号进行了八月初的第一场雅思的考试，相信大家对真题以及答案会非常的感兴趣、今天就由的我为大家介绍2020年8月1日雅思阅读考试真题答案。

一、考题解析

吵碰销P1 土地沙漠化

P2 澳大利亚的鹦鹉

P3 多重任务

二、名师点评

1.8月份首场考试的难度总体中等，有出现比较多的配对题，没有出现Heading题，其余主要以常规的填空，判断和选择题为主。文章的话题和题型搭配也是在剑桥真题中都有迹可循，所以备考重心依然还是剑桥官方真题。

2. 整体分析：涉及吵胡环境类（P1）、动物类（P2）、社科类（P3）。

本次考试的P2和P3均为旧题。P2是动物类的话题，题型组合为：段落细节配对+单选+summary填空，难度中等。题型上也延续19年的出题特点，出现配对题，考察定位速度和准确度。P3也出现了段落细节配对，主要是段落细节配对+单选+判断。三种题型难度中等，但是文章理解起来略有难度。

3. 部分答案及参考文章：

Passage 1：土地沙漠化

题型及答案待确认

Passage 2：澳大利亚的鹦鹉

题型：段落细节配对+单选+Summary填空

技巧分析：由于段落细节配对是完全乱序出题，在定位时需要先做后面的单选题及填空题，最大化利用已读信息来确定答案，尽量避免重复阅读，以保证充分的做题时间。

文章内容及题目参考：

A 概况，关于一个大的生物种类

B 一些物种消失的原因，题干关键词：an example of one bird species extinct

C 一种鹦鹉不能自己存活，以捕食另一种鸟为生，吃该鸟类的蛋。题干关键词：two species competed at the expense of oneanother

D 吸引鹦鹉的原因以及鹦鹉嘴的特升游点。题干关键词：*ysis of reasons as Australian landscapeattract parrots

E 植物是如何适应鹦鹉。题干关键词：plants attract birds which make the animal adaptto the environment

F 南半球对英语的影响

G 两种鹦鹉从环境改变中获益并存活下来。题干关键词：two species of parrots benefit fromm theenvironment change

H 外来物种及本地鹦鹉

I 鸟类栖息地被破坏以及人类采取的措施

J 作者对于鹦鹉问题的态度

单选题：

why parrots in the whole world are lineal descendants of

选项关键词：continent split from Africa

the writer thinks parrots species beak is for

选项关键词：adjust to their suitable diet

which one is not mentioned

选项关键词：should be frequently maintained

填空题：分布在文章的前两段

one-sixth

16th century

mapmaker

John Gould

Passage 3：多重任务

题型：段落细节配对+单选+判断

参考答案及文章

28 F

29I

30C

31B

32G

33C

34B

35A

36YES

37YES

38NO

39NOT GIVEN

40NO

Passage3： multitasking

Multitasking Debate—Can you do them at the same time？

Talking on the phone while driving isn＇t the only situationwhere we＇re worse at multitasking than we might like to think we are. Newstudies have identified a bottleneck in our brains that some say means we arefundamentally incapable of true multitasking. If experimental findings reflectreal-world performance， people who think they are multitasking are probablyjust underperforming in all-or at best， all but one -of their parallelpursuits. Practice might improve your performance， but you will never be asgood as when focusing on one task at a time.

The problem， according to René Marois， a psychologist atVanderbilt University in Nashville， Tennessee， is that there＇s a sticking pointin the brain. To demonstrate this， Marois devised an experiment to locate nteers watch a screen and when a particular image appears， a red circle，say， they have to press a key with their index finger. Different colouredcircles require presses from different fingers. Typical response time is about half a second， and thevolunteers quickly reach their peak performance. Then they learn to listen todifferent recordings and respond by making a specific sound. For instance， whenthey hear a bird chirp， they have to say ＂ba＂； an electronic soundshould elicit a ＂ko＂， and so on. Again， no problem. A normal personcan do that in about half a second， with almost no effort. The trouble comeswhen Marois shows the volunteers an image， then almost immediately plays them asound. Now they＇re flummoxed. ＂If you show an image and play a sound atthe same time， one task is postponed，＂ he says. In fact，if the second taskis introduced within the half-second or so it takes to process and react to thefirst， it will simply be delayed until the first one is done. The largestdual-task delays occur when the two tasks are presented simultaneously； delaysprogressively shorten as the interval between presenting the tasks lengthens（See Diagram）.

There are at least three points where we seem to getstuck， says Marois. The first is in simply identifying what we＇re looking  can take a few tenths of a second， during which time we are not able tosee and recognise a second item. This limitation is known as the＂attentional blink＂： experiments have shown that if you＇re watchingout for a particular event and a second one shows up unexpectedly any timewithin this crucial window of concentration， it may register in your visualcortex but you will be unable to act upon it. Interestingly， if you don＇texpect the first event， you have no trouble responding to the second. Whatexactly causes the attentional blink is still a matter for debate.

A second limitation is in our short-term visual ＇s estimated that we can keep track of about four items at a time， fewer ifthey are complex. This capacity shortage is thought to explain， in part， our astonishinginability to detect even huge changes in scenes that are otherwise identical，so-called ＂change blindness＂. Show people pairs of near-identicalphotos -say， aircraft engines in one picture have disappeared in the other -andthey will fail to spot the differences （if you don＇t believe it， check out theclips at /~rensink/flicker/download）. Here again， though， thereis disagreement about what the essential limiting factor really is. Does itcome down to a dearth of storage capacity， or is it about how much attention aviewer is paying？

A third limitation is that choosing a response to astimulus -braking when you see a child in the road， for instance，or replyingwhen your mother tells you over the phone that she＇s thinking of leaving yourdad -also takes brainpower. Selecting a response to one of these things willdelay by some tenths of a second your ability to respond to the other. This iscalled the ＂response selection bottleneck＂ theory， first proposed in1952.

Last December， Marois and his colleagues published apaper arguing that this bottleneck is in fact created in two different areas ofthe brain： one in the posterior lateral prefrontal cortex and another in thesuperior medial frontal cortex （Neuron， vol 52， p 1109）. They found this byscanning people＇s brains with functional MRI while the subjects struggled tochoose among eight possible responses to each of two closely timed tasks. Theydiscovered that these brain areas are not tied to any particular sense but aregenerally involved in selecting responses， and they seemed to queue theseresponses when presented with multiple tasks concurrently.

Bottleneck？ What bottleneck？

But David Meyer， a psychologist at the University ofMichigan， Ann Arbor， doesn＇t buy the bottleneck idea. He thinks dual-taskinterference is just evidence of a strategy used by the brain to prioritisemultiple activities. Meyer is known as something of an optimist by his  has written papers with titles like ＂Virtually perfect time-sharing indual-task performance： Uncorking the central cognitive bottleneck＂（Psychological Science， vol 12， p101）. His experiments have shown that withenough practice -at least 2000 tries -some people can execute two taskssimultaneously as competently as if they were doing them one after the  suggests that there is a central cognitive processor that coordinates allthis and， what＇s more， he thinks it uses discretion： sometimes it chooses todelay one task while completing another.

Even with practice， not all people manage to achieve thisharmonious time-share， however. Meyer argues that individual differences comedown to variations in the character of the processor -some brains are just more＂cautious＂， some more ＂daring＂. And despite urban legend，there are no noticeable

differences between men and women. So， according to him，it＇s not a central bottleneck that causes dual-task interference， but rather＂adaptive executive control＂， which ＂schedules task processesappropriately to obey instructions about their relative priorities and serialorder＂.

Marois agrees that practice can sometimes eraseinterference effects. He has found that with just 1 hour of practice each dayfor two weeks， volunteers show a huge improvement at managing both his tasks atonce. Where he disagrees with Meyer is in what the brain is doing to achievethis. Marois speculates that practice might give us the chance to find lesscongested circuits to execute a task -rather like finding trusty back streetsto avoid heavy traffic on main roads -effectively making our response to thetask subconscious. After all， there are plenty of examples of subconsciou*ultitasking that most of us routinely manage： walking and talking， eating andreading， watching TV and folding the laundry.

But while some dual tasks benefit from practice， otherssimply do not. ＂Certain kinds of tasks are really hard to do two atonce，＂ says Pierre Jolicoeur at the University of Montreal， Canada， whoalso studies multitasking. Dual tasks involving a visual stimulus andskeletal-motor response （which he dubs ＂in the eye and out the hand＂）and an auditory stimulus with a verbal response （＂in the ear and out themouth＂） do seem to be amenable to practice， he says. Jolicoeur has foundthat with enough training such tasks can be performed as well together asapart. He speculates that the brain connections that they use may be somehowspecial， because we learn to speak by hearing and learn to move by looking. Butpair visual input with a verbal response， or sound to motor， and there＇s nodramatic improvement. ＂It looks like no amount of practice will allow youto combine these，＂ he says.

For research purposes， these experiments have to be keptsimple. Real-world multitasking poses much greater challenges. Even the upbeatMeyer is sceptical about how a lot of us live our lives. Instant-messaging andtrying to do your homework？ ＂It can＇t be done，＂ he says. Conducting ajob interview while answering emails？ ＂There＇s no way you wind up being asgood.＂ Needless to say， there appear to be no researchers in the area ofmultitasking who believe that you can safely drive a car and carry on a phoneconversation. In fact， last year David Strayer at the University of Utah inSalt Lake City reported that people using cellphones drive no better thandrunks （Human Factors， vol 48， p 381）. In another study， Strayer found thatusing a hands-free kit did not improve a driver＇s response time. He concludedthat what distracts a driver so badly is the very act of talking to someone whoisn＇t present in the car and therefore is unaware of the hazards facing thedriver.

“No researchers believe it＇s safe to drive a car andcarry on a phone conversation”

It probably comes as no surprise that， generallyspeaking， we get worse at multitasking as we age. According to Art Kramer atthe University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign， who studies how ageing affectsour cognitive abilities， we peak in our 20s. Though the decline is slow throughour 30s and on into our 50s， it is there； and after 55， it becomes moreprecipitous. In one study， he and his colleagues had both young and oldparticipants do a simulated driving task while carrying on a conversation. Hefound that while young drivers tended to miss background changes， older driversfailed to notice things that were highly relevant. Likewise， older subjects hadmore trouble paying attention to the more important parts of a scene than youngdrivers.

It＇s not all bad news for over-55s， though. Kramer alsofound that older people can benefit from practice. Not only did they learn toperform better， brain scans showed that underlying that improvement was achange in the way their brains become active.

Whileit＇s clear that practice can often make a difference， especially as we age， thebasic facts remain sobering. ＂We have this impression of an almightycomplex brain，＂ says Marois， ＂and yet we have very humbling andcrippling limits.＂ For most of our history， we probably never needed to domore than one thing at a time， he says， and so we haven＇t evolved to be ableto. Perhaps we will in future， though. We might yet look back one day on peoplelike Debbie and Alun as ancestors of a new breed of true multitaskers.

9月4日的雅思考试是换题季后第一场考试，对于这次的雅思考试，想必很多学生都想要看看它的真题吧。那么下面就来给大家讲讲2021年9月4日的雅思阅读的考试真题与答案解析。

一、2021年9月4日雅思阅读真题与答案

Passage 1

主题：关于侦探小说的各种作家

参考答案：

Passage 2

主题：生物钟

参考答案：

14.G

15.A

16.E

17.C

18.D

19. 待回忆

20. exposure

21.hormone

22.rhythm

23.gene

23-26 多选 待回忆

Passage 3

主题：商业培训

参考答案：

二、雅思阅读步骤

1.快速阅读：平时进行大量的快速阅读。可选的阅读材料有：TIME, NEWSWEEK, THE ECONOMIST, CHINADAILY, 21st CENTURY等。因为雅思考试与时代紧密相连，具有一定的时效性，所以报刊文章为泛读的首选。阅读报刊文章应选择一般性的题材，如科普，社会问题，学术观点性的文章，而政治，军事，尖端科技的文章可以略过。采取的阅读方式为快速阅读。

2.难句突破：在精读和做雅思试题时，将复杂的难宏激句摘抄出来，然后分析句子结构，彻底消化难点。虽然雅思阅读中不可能有原句重现，但是难句的结构是基本不变的。

3.词汇强记：词汇量不够，应进行词汇突击。雅思考试的词汇量约为6000~8000词。词汇量小也是导致阅读理解速度慢的重要因素。

4.模拟练习：接下来就要做雅思模拟试题，进一步熟悉考试题型。熟练掌握阅读题型。有两点需要特别注意：首先，雅思阅读的各种题型必须搞熟，尤其是主观题如简答、填空、概括等。其次，要看清题目，因为雅思阅读的问法比较灵活，可以是对/错/未给出答案，所以先看清楚要你做什么，再下手不迟，切忌做“无用功”。

5、总结技巧：注意分析阅读理解的套路，总结解题技巧。如果个人复习情况不佳，可以根据自己的实际情况选择合适的辅导班。

三、雅思阅读做题诀窍

1.Skimming and Scanning

雅思阅读测试的一大特色是同义词(synonyms)和释义表达(paraphrasing)。因此，考生在做此类题目的过程中，要首先判断哪个是关键词(keywords)，以及它的同义词，然后根据该词迅速在文章中寻找，准确定位(locatingtheexpectedinformation)，根据要求填空。

此外，雅思阅读一般取材于报刊、杂志等，因此平时应大量阅读英文报刊，像《英国镜报》、《卫报》等，以了解英蔽颤袜文报刊洞激文章的表达习惯和常用表达式。

2.good reading habits

很多中国考生在平时训练阅读时一遇到生词就想查文曲星、字典之类的辅助工具。考试中，由于雅思阅读考试的取材都来自原版报刊杂志，文章中必然出现不少考生没有见过或者很少碰到的生词，尤其是学术类阅读第三篇文章的词汇量往往很大，这时良好的阅读习惯就成了我们能否获取理想成绩的关键。

细心总结一下就可以发现，在很多情况下，形容词和副词是最难以记忆的，也就是我们最感生疏的，但是它们一般不太会影响我们的句子理解能力。

一月上旬的雅思考试已经顺利落幕，大家对考试的结果想必是非常的关心的吧，不妨先来和的我看一看2020年1月11日雅思阅读考试真题答案。

Passage 1

俄罗斯芭蕾舞发展史 （旧题）重复2021.11.2

题型：判断+填空

1. T --- 18世纪中期芭蕾流行

2. NG --- 音乐教师数量上升 （和机经不一样，机经是F）

3. NG --- 19世纪芭蕾在俄罗斯才流行

4. T --- 18世纪中期跳芭蕾和宗教意见冲突

5. T --- 对芭蕾舞的热情是否局限于皇室

6. F --- 一个人进入某个阻止是否被拒绝

7. 第一个theater建立者Alex

8. 他是个director

9. win worldwide popularity

10. dance and dress code

11. 法律相关舞蹈

12. 普希金简激创作获得成功 successful publication

13. 摆脱 myth

Passage 2

地球夜间灯光与经济（旧题）

题型：缺回忆

拦樱袜 Passage 3

澳洲国家美术馆 （旧题）重复2021.12.9

题型：单选+判断+半句配对

Global Warming in New Zealand

For many environmentalists， the world seems to be getting warmer. As the nearest country of South Polar Region， New Zealand has maintained an upward trend in its average temperature in the past few years. However， the temperature in New Zealand will go up 40C in the next century while the polar region will go up more than 60C. The different pictures of temperature stem from its surrounding ocean which acts like the air conditioner. Thus New Zealand is comparatively fortunate.

颂做　Scientifically speaking， this temperature phenomenon in New Zealand originated from what researchers call ＂SAM＂ {Southern Annular Mode）， which refers to the wind belt that circles the Southern Oceans including New Zealand and Antarctica. Yet recent work has revealed that changes in SAM in New Zealand have resulted in a weakening of moisture during the summer， and more rainfall in other seasons. A bigger problem may turn out to be heavier droughts for agricultural activities because of more water loss from soil， resulting in poorer harvest before winter when the rainfall arrive too late to rescue.

Among all the calamities posed by drought， moisture deficit ranks the first. Moisture deficit is the gap between the water plants need during the growing season and the water the earth can offer. Measures of moisture deficit were at their highest since the 1970s in New Zealand. Meanwhile， ecological *yses clearly show moisture deficit is imposed at different growth stage of crops. If moisture deficit occurs around a crucial growth stage， it will cause about 22% reduction in grain yield as opposed to moisture deficit at vegetative phase.

Global warming is not only affecting agriculture production. When scientists say the country＇s snow pack and glaciers are melting at an alarming rate due to global warming， the climate is putting another strain on the local places. For example， when the development of global warming is accompanied by the falling snow line， the local skiing industry comes into a crisis. The snow line may move up as the temperature goes up， and then the snow at the bottom will melt earlier. Fortunately， it is going to be favourable for the local skiing industry to tide over tough periods since the quantities of snowfall in some areas are more likely to increase.

What is the reaction of glacier region？ The climate change can be reflected in the glacier region in southern New Zealand or land covered by ice and snow. The reaction of a glacier to a climatic change involves a complex chain of processes. Over time periods of years to several decades， cumulative changes in mass balance cause volume and thickness changes， which will affect the flow of ice via altered internal deformation and basal sliding. This dynamic reaction finally leads to glacier length changes， the advance or retreat of glacier tongues. Undoubtedly， glacier mass balance is a more direct signal of annual atmospheric conditions.

The latest research result of National Institute of Water and Atmospheric （NIWA） Research shows that glaciers line keeps moving up because of the impacts of global warming. Further losses of ice can be reflected in Mt. Cook Region. By 1996， a 14 km long sector of the glacier had melted down forming a melt lake （Hooker Lake） with a volume. Melting of the glacier front at a rate of 40 m/yr will cause the glacier to retreat at a rather uniform rate. Therefore， the lake will continue to grow until it reaches the glacier bed.

A direct result of the melting glaciers is the change of high tides that serves the main factor for sea level rise. The trend of sea level rise will bring a threat to the groundwater system for its hyper-saline groundwater and then pose a possibility to decrease the agricultural production. Many experts believe that the best way to counter this trend is to give a longer-term view of sea level change in New Zealand. Indeed， the coastal boundaries need to be upgraded and redefined.

There is no doubt that global warming has affected New Zealand in many aspects. The emphasis on the global warming should be based on the joints efforts of local people and experts who conquer the tough period. For instance， farmers are taking a long term， multi-generational approach to adjust the breeds and species according to the temperature， Agriculturists also find ways to tackle the problems that may bring to the soil. In broad terms， going forward， the systemic resilience that＇s been going on a long time in the ecosystem will continue.

How about animals＇ reaction？ Experts have surprisingly realised that animals have unconventional adaptation to global warming. A study has looked at sea turtles on a few northern beaches in New Zealand and it is very interesting to find that sea turtles can become male of female according to the temperature. Further researches will try to find out how rising temperatures would affect the ratio of sex reversal in their growth. Clearly， the temperature of the nest plays a vital role in the sexes of the baby turtles，

Tackling the problems of global warming is never easy in New Zealand， because records show the slow process of global warming may have a different impact on various regions. For New Zealand， the emission of carbon dioxide only accounts for 0.5% of the world＇s total， which has met the governmental standard. However， （New Zealand＇s effort counts only a tip of the iceberg. So far， global warming has been a world issue that still hangs in an ambiguous future.

27-30 Multiple Choices

27.What does the author illustrate in the first paragraph？

describing the role of art museums in Australian culture

28. Contrast the old and new museums， the author criticized new ngv in what aspect？

architecture dosing elements more than art

29. What does the writer notice about the new museum？

the order of room are connected by salon

30. What should be done to keep NGV successful？

ebullience passion

31-35 Y/N/NG

31. N --- Grounds＇ design failed to recognize the importance of founders and performances In museums.

32. N --- Bellini’s New NGv neglect International museum design trends

33. NG --- Bellini＇s work on subsequent museum projects has been less successful than thaton NGV.

34. Y --- The gallery visitors go to temporary /exhibitions to the south， the first sequence of spaces for the permanent collection.

35. NG --- Too much change may have negative the impact on it.

36-40 Matching sentence endings

A The museum program will lose its individuality

B The museum will lose credibility

C Will lose the museum＇ s independence

D Will suffer its reputation

E increase attendance in the future

F People will be more willing to come here

G more capability for increasing revenue

H try to balance opposing and various demands

I it is financial necessary

36. F --- If a larger space in museum is available

37. E --- If children are allowed to move freely in parts of the galleries

38. A --- If too much emphasis is placed on the building industry

39. D --- If there is over revenue on blockbusters overused

40. H --- If museum want to continue to be successful