雅思作文面试常见问题汇总 雅思作文技巧都有哪些?求给详细分析。

雅思写作大作文有哪些常见论点
从长期的教学中发现，中国考生在写雅思作文时最难掌握以及最难提升的部分无疑是论证思路部分。好的论证不仅是一篇作文字数的体现，更是逻辑思维的体现。那么一篇作文有哪些论证方法可以使用呢?并且每种论证该如何切入呢?朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师通过长期的总结与研究，将在本文中结合具体的引导词，常用句型，以及例子应用，对每种论证进行分析，让烤鸭们有更深刻全面的理解。
一、原因郑消：
原因论证是写作中最常用的论证方法，可以通过写一个现象的原因来承接中心句，一般放在第一层逻辑衔接喊笑知中使用比较多。
常用连接词：
…because/since/as…
…due to sth(不放句首)
常用句式：
1. This is largely/partly due to…,
…, which is largely/partly due to… 这主要/部分是由于什么。
2. The main reason for it is …N/that +完整的句子
…, the main reason for which is… 主要的原因是什么。
3. A contributing factor is… 其中一个因素是…
4. The social / individual / technical / economic reason for this phenomenon
/ problem is…(一句话)。
这一现象/问题的社会/个人/技术/经济的原因是…
E.g. Students who take a gap year off tend to be more independent. The main
reason for it is that they unavoidably encounter some difficulties and have to
deal with them by themselves during their first–time work or travel.
参加间隔年的学生往往更独立。这主要是由于他们在初次的旅行或工作中不可避免地会遇到一些困难且不得不亲自去处理这些困难。
二、结果：
结果论证分为两种，第一种是指好的结果，第二种是指坏的结果，具体由中心句的内容决定。结果论证在第一层逻辑和第二层逻辑中都可以使用。
常用连接词：
Consequently,
As a consequence/result,
…therefore… 因此
…, so that 一句话，以至于…
In this way/In so doing, 这么一来，…
E.g. Each team member is assigned a specific task even in teamwork and in so
doing, they can also cultivate their independence.
每一个团队成员都会接受一个具体的任务，这么一来，甚至在升贺团队合作中也能培养他们的独立性。
常用句式：
…, which may result in an unpleasant/unexpected/desirable consequence
that…(填完整的话)。
这可能会导致一个令人不悦/意料之外/理想的结果，就是…。
E.g. Some students are used to finishing learning tasks all alone, which may
result in an unpleasant consequence that their interpersonal skills will
deteriorate.
一些学生习惯于独自一人完成学习任务，这可能会导致一个不好的结果，他们的人际交流技能可能会变差。
三、举例：
雅思写作中的举例论证用得不像托福写作那么多，可以是personal experience,
但尽量举一些比较客观的例子，并且例子不要太长，一两句话概括即可，适当对例子进行评论。一般用于第二层逻辑衔接比较多。
常用连接词：
...like /such as(不放开头，后面加名词)
For example﹦For instance(放句首时，后加完整的句子)
E.g. Teamwork benefits students in many ways. For example, the potential of
leadership may be possibly stimulated and developed through teamwork.
团队合作能在很多方面使学生们受益。举个例子，通过团队合作就能激发和培养领导力的潜能。
常用句式：
A good case in point is that… 一个典型的例子是…。
E.g. International touri* can promote the development of the local economy.
A good case in point is that Hainan, where the tourist attractions have been
much explored and developed in recent years, has developed significantly in its
economy.
国际旅游能促进当地的经济发展，一个典型的例子是近年来，景点被大力开发的海南在经济上也得到了大力发展。
四、比较：
对比论证分为两种，一种是具体情况的正反对比，拿两件事物进行正反比较。另一种是过去与现在的对比，常用于科技文比较多。第一层与第二层逻辑衔接均可以使用。
常用连接词：
A…, while/whereas B…
While/whereas A…, B…
A…By/In contrast, B…
常用句式：
…, which is in stark/sharp/striking contrast with the fact that…
…, 这和以下事实形成鲜明对比。
E.g. Students who go to university immediately after gradation can better
adjust themselves to the academic life, whereas/while those who take a gap year
off are very unlikely to refocus their attention on study.
那些毕业后直接上大学的学生能更好地适应大学生活，而那些参加间隔年的学生却很可能无法再专注于学习。
五、举反例：
举反例也可以称为是假设论证，最不起眼但最最好用的方法!第一层与第二层逻辑衔接均可以使用。很多时候，假设论证与结果论证可以构成一定程度上的对比论证。
常用连接词：
Without sth., …/if…not… ,…
E.g. Without the experience of traveling or working during the gap year,
students are unlikely to realize what their true interests are.
If students do not take a gap year off, they are unlikely to realize what
their true interests are.
要是学生们不参加间隔年，他们很可能意识不到自己真正的兴趣是什么。
六、阐释：
解释说明的论证方法也是用得比较多的，就是对前一句话的递进说明，换种方式更简单地表达一遍，一般用于第一层逻辑衔接。
常用连接词：
…, namely, …
in simpler words/to put it more simply,… 简而言之，…
In other words, … 换句话说，…
E.g. Gap year, namely, the year between finishing high school and starting
university, is quite prevalent across the word, western countries in
particular.
间隔年，简言之，即高中毕业和上大学前的这年，在全球是很普遍的，尤其是在西方国家。
常用句式：
…, by which I mean…, 说这个我的意思是，…
E.g. Face-to-face instruction will never disappear, by which I mean the
traditional way of teaching is irreplaceable to a large extent due to its
overwhelming advantages.
面授永远不会消失，我的意思是，它在很大程度上由于其自身的绝对优势是不可替代的。
七、摆证据：
也称为数据法，如果编造数据务必保证它是合情合理的。更聪明的做法是可以描写一个现象，不一定要提到数据，但是要对现象进行扣题分析评论。
常用句式：
It is reported that… 据报道，…
Scientists/Psychologists/Physicists have found that… 科学家们/心理学家们/物理学家们发现…
A recent survey conducted (by the local government/the department of
education/a related department) indicates that…
最近的一项由(当地*/教育部门/有关部门)进行的调查显示了…。
例如以下这个考题就可以用数据法来进行论证：
In many cities, planner locates schools, homes, offices, shops in specific
areas which were widely separate from each other. Do you agree the advantages of
this policy overweigh the disadvantages?
A recent survey conducted by the central government indicates that cities
where the buildings are wisely planned and allocated develop its economy more
rapidly than those intensively-populated cities.
最近由中央*进行的一项调查显示，那些建筑物分布合理的城市能比其他那些人口分布密集的城市更快地发展其他经济。
总之，根据以上的常规引导词和常用句式，希望烤鸭们能理解其中的逻辑思路。每个论证都是灵活的，考生们应根据自己的逻辑思维，以不变应万变，不要写成填空式作文。

雅思写作技巧首先作文的具体内容并不是评卷人要重点考量的，参考任何一本雅思辅导书，考生都会发现其中同一类题目的文章立场往往大同小异，评卷人评判的主要是考生的语言表达能力，考生在构思时只须保证内容符合逻辑，能够言之有理、言之成理、切题即可，然后把更多的注意力放在怎样旁巧培追求语言的得体性上;考生在构思内容上所花的时间不应超过5分钟，在认真审题并将其理解透彻以后，可以在试卷的空白处列一个提纲，用关键词即可，以此作为写作过程中内容的提示，同时也有助考生清晰地把握篇章结构。这样在提笔写作的过程中可将重点放在保证语言的流畅得体上，不会因为内容而中断思路。在篇章的宽亏构思和语言的运用上，应尽量简洁明了，以易于实现和安全可靠为宗旨。要知道，250字左右的
task 2作文中不可能有太多的空间让我们展示过于深刻复杂的思维和句子的。重要的是，先得到分数，然后才有可能拿高分。

雅思写作技巧其次要注意语言精准美化，做到内容简单化和结构模式化，考生就已经向IELTS高分作文的目标迈进了一大步，如果考生还能在语言的细节上下一些功夫，IELTS作文的分数就会更上一层楼，这也就是我们接下来要谈的第三大策略：语言要包装。
写作中语言包装的主要途径：
一 语法方面的包装：考生要注意在作文中选取一个中心时态，通常选取一般现在时即可，但在陈述具体例证时要根据不同的情况变换时态。
二
句式多样化：一篇长达250词的文章中应有：7-8个或更多的复合句同位语从句;定语从句;表语从句;原因状语从句等;还要有几个倒装句;在一个并不强调由谁来做的动作时建议使用被动语态句。
三
注意文化移入，IELTS作文的评卷人与考生来运唯自完全不同的文化背景，许多考生认为正常的习惯表达法也许是评卷人根本无法理解的，所以这种跨文化的交际行为具有危险性，考生如果把握不好会起到反作用。

The intellegence that children born with is of diverse and it tends to impact their study life in terms of acceptance and effectiveness.As for some certain intelligent students some people still in fovour of the origional way of being taught with others.
这一段太罗嗦了，没必要，直接了当一些，不要用日语的拐弯抹角方法

This viewpoint is undoubtable.when in a group,it is much convenient for all of them to exchange ideas,tackling formidable problems on study and sharing experience,thereby prompte the grasp of what they have learned.Also,the intelligent students are no exceptional in spite of their superior nature;similarly,the endurant ecdeavor and hardwork are imperial for them as well just like others.Studying together creating a circumstance of competation,which contribute to their study motivationand learning protectial.Furthermore,group learning promote their team spirit.It encourages students to focuse on the power of team,which is indispensable when thsy get on the career in the future.

这四点还可以
However,there are certainly benefits in specialized training.Intelligent students are exercised to think independentlyrather than follow others blindly.Neanwhile,as a result of training,those intelegence can learn more and receive more.Accordingly,they tend to be more succeed under the priority of nature and nuture.But overall,it is less likely today,when the training facilities are limited.Apart from that those students are rendered to be alienated from other peers of their age,which may exert an disadvantaged impact in dealing with people.
上面这一段真是败笔孝散，应该去掉，把前面一薯搭段的四个观点用具体数据或例子证明，不要自相矛盾

So my view is that students should encouraged to learn together whatever to the intelligence or the normal one.Through mutual encouragement and help,they can fulfill their dream better.

要是巧手氏把论点、逻辑和论证连接在一起，得7分没问题

另外，于正子同学，我的宝贝书你看了也不还给我

可以通过对去年高频话题的总结，看出雅思大作文常考的题目，从而进行针对性练习

2021雅思大作文话题分布柱状迟伍图

从去年话题分布来看，9大类写作话题中唯有环境类未有涉及。其中社会类的考察比重有所上升(18次，占全年考题37.5%)，其次是教育类(12次，占全年考题25%)以及科技类(7次，占全年考题败如14.5%)；然后就是*类、察旦启媒体类、文化类、全球化类和犯罪类。全球化和犯罪类考频最低，仅各考2次，其它低频话题集中出现在上半年。然而这并不意味着这些话题的复习就可以忽略，因为此类话题对比较专业的素材表达和固定搭配要求较高，需要有目的的积累，避免万一碰到无话可写的情况。

总而言之，高频考题必然要加强联系，对于较少考查的类型也要有意识地积累相关的素材和词汇，以防万一。除此之外，若是碰到了较新的考题也不必慌乱，找出题目中的关键词尽可能的往自己梳理过的素材表达想法，利用自己的素材库进行充分的论述。

在此，长沙新航道雅思写作组给广大考生列举了9道2021年典型和值得练笔的真题，可以更有针对性的练习。

例1：教育结合科技

0325 In the past, the role of teacher was to provide information. Today, students have access to wide sources of information. There is, therefore, no role of teacher in modern education. Do you agree or disagree?

例2：广告的优劣性

0422 Some people say that advertising has positive economic effects, while others think it has negative social effects, because they are not satisfied with what they are and what they have. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

例3：未成年人犯罪是否与成年人同罪

0506 Some people believe that young people who commit serious crimes, such as robbery or violent attack, should be punished in the same way as *s.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

例4：越来越多人改变职业和住处的优劣性

0916 An increasing number of people are changing their careers and places of residence. Is it a positive or negative development?

例5：年轻人是否适合身居高位

1021 Some people think young people are not suitable for important positions in the government, while other people think it is a good idea for young people to take on these positions. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

例6：*结合文化

0909 Some people think that any government money spent on supporting artists (such as painters, musicians and poets) should be better spent on more important things. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

例7：旅游结合科技

1005 It is not necessary to travel to other places to learn about culture and people, because people can learn from books, films or the internet.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

例8：食品全球化

0513 In many countries, it is convenient for people to buy a variety of food from all over the world.

To what extent do you think the benefits outweigh the disadvantages?

例9：*职能结合媒体与犯罪

0520 The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the level of violent crime in society.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion?

一、教育类

1. 教育会囊括一些什么内容?

母题：It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfil both these functions? (050312)

提示：本题围绕教育的两大功能来展开(个人与社会)，准备好这篇文章，即可应付教育类话题中的最大分支—教育的功能，做到埋亩以不变应万变。对于社会角度，可以从促进经济发展、增加社会流动性(social mobility)、维护社会稳定这几个方面来展开，对于个人，可以写改变思维模式、有利于就业和便利生活来写。

子题：大学应当教授理论知识还是实践技能?大学的是应当把学生培养成合格的公民还是让他们自己得益?准备未来职业最好的方法是上大学还是尽快离校积累工作经验?大学要不要扩招?中学阶段应当提供通才教育还是专才教育?要不要延长义务教育年限?要不要让农村地区的学生更容易上学?老师要教学生如何判断是非吗?

2. 学校的科弯旅森目谁来选择?

母题：Some people think that the government should decide which subjects students should study at the university, while others think that students should be allowed to apply for the subject they prefer. Discuss the two views and give your opinion. (060916)

提示：这类题目采取的策略就是“双批判”，因为题目中提供的两种选择往往都是错误的。

子题1：*选课or 老师选课?学生选择所有的科镇圆目or根据兴趣自行选择?

子题2：要不要学国际新闻?要不要学历史?要不要中学阶段就学习外语?要不要学数学哲学这类的科目?

3. 什么样的教学方式最好?

母题：Many people use distance-learning programmes (study material post, TV, Internet, etc.) to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit as much as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (041113, 081023, 100515)

提示：远程教育最大的好处，就在于三个any：anybody, anywhere, any time. 缺点是缺乏师生之间以及学生之间的interaction, 缺乏教师的moral guidance, 因为没有体育课且久坐电脑前，会引发健康问题。

子题：私立学校好不好?留学好不好?要不要分快慢班?小组学习还是单独学习好?

4. 谁来为学费*单?

母题：Some people believe that university students should pay all the cost of studies because university education only benefit the students themselves not the society as a whole. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (100731)

提示：这些话题都有一个共同的特征：高等教育只对学生自己有好处，因此学生应当自行为高等教育*单。这类题目的写法非常有规律，先驳斥这种理由，再交代学生自己支付学费的后果就可以了。

子题：*要为学生*单吗?(缺点是给*带来经济负担，这类话题写法和其它*类话题一样)

5. 孩子们要不要参加社会实践?

母题：Some school leavers travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages? (030308, 050514, 090926)

提示：gap year好处就是各种能力的锻炼，缺点就是容易受到社会恶习的影响，误入歧途。

子题：要不要参加无偿社会劳动?要不要毕业去农村锻炼?要不要从小远离父母居住?

6. 家庭教育

母题：Some people say that children should obey the rules of their parents and teachers, while other people think children will not be well-prepared for their * life if they are given too much control. Discuss in both sides and give your opinion. (041120, 100520)

提示：写一下各自的好处就可以了，最后的结论是早年的时候要教授他们明辨是非，对于做错的事情要惩罚，但是也要适可而止让其兴趣爱好得到自由发展。

子题：穷人家的孩子是否早当家?家长是否应该为五岁小孩的犯罪负责?要不要把小孩趁早送到学校去?老师对儿童的智力和社会发展所起的作用大于家长吗?同龄人压力(peer pressure)的利弊?

二、生态类

1. 动物需要保护吗?

母题：Now many people think that we are spending too much money and time on protecting wild animals. The money should be better spent on human population. Do you agree or disagree? (031213, 110709)

提示：这类题型采取驳斥的写法来写，先驳斥这是浪费钱，因为在动物上花的钱可以通过发展旅游业来得到补偿。然后再写动物保护的意义。

子题：要不要进行动物实验?要不要把动物关在动物园里?要不要吃动物的肉?人们可以采取什么措施来保护珍稀的动植物物种?

2. 环境保护谁来负责?

母题：Environmental problem is too big for individual countries and individual people to address. In other words, we have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (040228, 040515, 110507)

提示：不管题目怎么出，永远记得国际合作、企业、*、个人，都可以为环境保护做出自己的努力。所以，你要准备的内容，就是以上四个方面可以做的事情。

子题：个人能不能保护环境?个人不能保护环境，只有*大公司才能，同意吗?公司和个人，而不是*，可以保护环境，同意吗?很多人知道环境保护很重要，但是自己却不采取任何行动，这是为什么?

3. 垃圾问题怎么办?

母题：Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away” culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem? (050806)

提示：这道题目应该围绕“一次性文化”产生的原因、后果和解决方法来展开。原因：对于方便、卫生的追求。后果：破坏水源、污染土地、污染空气。解决方法：三个R：reduce, reuse, recycle。

子题：消费品的增加会导致自然环境的破坏，原因和解决方法是什么?

4. 自然资源如何保护?

母题：Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas, are used in many countries. But in some countries, the use of alternative sources of energy, including wind and solar power, are encouraged. Is this trend a positive or a negative development? (090530)

提示：这道题目问的是新能源alternative energy的优缺点。优点：取之不尽用之不竭inexhaustible，更环保environmentally-friendly, 缺点：核能nuclear power会引发安全事故，水能hydropower会破坏生态环境upset the ecological balance, 太阳能solar power 成本太高，风能wind power会产生次声波污染infrasonic wave.

子题：淡水资源如何保护?是什么原因导致了石油、森林和淡水资源的紧张，如何解决?解决环境问题的最佳方法是提高石油的价格吗?(此题已被剑8收录)

5. 交通工具

母题：One long-distance flight consumes fuel which a car uses in several years’ time, but they cause the same amount of pollution. So some people think that we should discourage non-essential flights, such as tourist travel, rather than to limit the use of cars. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (060325, 080405)

提示：这道题目是经典老题，多次在雅思考试中出现。题目中的理由有明显的逻辑漏洞，因为飞机承载的乘客数量和行驶的距离要远大于汽车，因此先驳斥理由，再讲飞机被禁止的后果(旅游业，物流业将会遭到重创)就可以了。

子题：汽车会带来哪些问题?廉价航空是否应当被推广?

6. 食品安全

母题：Some people support the developments in agriculture such as factory farming and creations of new types of fruits and vegetables, while others oppose this view. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (080712)

提示：工厂化农业factory farming提高了农产品的产量，但也祸害无穷。比如大规模喷洒化学肥料chemical fertiliser和农药pesticide，集中式养殖battery farming会侵害动物权利，也使得肉类安全受到威胁。转基因食品genetically modified food虽然改善了食物的品质和产量，但是破坏生态平衡，对人体健康构成潜在的威胁。

子题：长距离运输(空运)食品的好坏，科技改变食品的好坏。

注意：本题是一个边缘话题，不能完全归类到环保类下。比如长距离运输食品与全球化类话题可以结合，科技改善食品可以与科技类话题结合。

三、科技发明类

1. 现代通讯科技

母题1：People can perform everyday tasks, such as shopping and banking as well as business transactions, without meeting other people face-to-face. What are the effects of this on individuals and society as a whole? (050226, 070331)

提示：这道题目是经典的科技类话题，因为这道“无脸化交易”的题目浓缩了网络购物、电视购物、网络银行，ATM自助银行、*银行、*会议、视频会议等多种话题，是大家必写的话题之一。

母题2：Many employees may work at home with the modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or disagree? (050716, 091212)

提示：“远程上班”telecommute也是一个重点话题，对于员工和雇主当然都有好处。

2. 现代媒体(电视、电脑、*)

母题1： Some people believe that time spent on television, video and computer games can be valuable for children. Others believe this has negative effects on a child. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (080110)

提示：这道话题涵盖了电视、视频和电脑游戏的好处与坏处，可以多练习。

母题2：There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones? (060114)

提示：这道题目是*类话题的经典题目，从社会、健康、科技三个角度来展开，范围很广。

子题：要不要鼓励儿童看电视?看电视和玩游戏对小孩、家庭和社会有什么影响，怎样解决?电脑不能帮助儿童学习，只会造成身心伤害，你同意吗?如何鼓励老年人使用*和电脑?*对于个人和社会的好处与坏处是什么?

3. 替代类话题

母题：Some people think that the government should establish free libraries in each town. Others believe that it is a waste of money since people can access the Internet at home to obtain information. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion. (120212)

提示：这道题目入选母题是因为它结合了科技、文化和*三大话题，非常值得一练。不过考虑到2021年1月12日刚刚考过，最近几个月再考的概率不会很大了。

子题：图书馆要不要提供高科技媒体诸如电脑软件和DVD?网络是否会取代博物馆和美术馆?*和电脑正在逐渐取代书信，你同意吗?机器(机器人)取代人类工作，利弊如何?网络教育是否会取代传统课堂?(提示：这部分话题与教育类话题结合，已被归入教育类)

4. 其它科技话题(与社会、生活类话题结合)

题目：飞机旅行只对富人有好处吗?现代科技使人们失去创造力吗?科技发展造成负面影响了吗?科技发展是否拉大了贫富差距?早起的科技是否比现在的科技影响更大?科技改变了人们之间的关系了吗?科技造成环境污染/使我们的生活变得更加复杂，我们是否要告别科技，过简单的生活?

提示：对于拉大贫富差距这个话题，可以网上搜索一下digital divide这个关键词。

四、媒体广告类

1. 新闻与媒体

母题：News media is more influential nowadays. Some people think it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (090822)

提示：之所以选择这道题目做母题是因为它涵盖的范围最广，可以写报纸、电视、网络。围绕这些媒体的好处和坏处写一篇文章，顺便思考一下下面的几道子题，那么这部分的话题就可以搞定了。

子题：报纸要比其它媒体更有影响力，你同意吗?网上的信息不准确，你同意吗?我们是否应该相信记者，一个合格的记者应当具备什么样的品质?

2. 媒体审查制度

母题：Nowadays, films and computer games containing violence are popular. Some people think those films and games have negative effects on society and should be banned, while others think they are just harmless relaxation. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (111029)

提示：这道题目正好概括了媒体审查制度赞成者和反对者的观点。好处是对避免青少年的模仿，降低社会暴力，坏处是破坏了影片的娱乐性，对于新闻的审查则侵犯了人们的知情权和媒体的言论自由。

子题：*应该控制电影和电视中的暴力来降低社会中的犯罪，你同意吗?要不要严格控制媒体对于犯罪细节的报道?电视节目向公众展现灾难性的画面对个人和社会有何影响?

3. 广告

母题：We are surrounded by all kinds of advertising, which significantly influence our lives. Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects? (041016, 110625)

提示：这道题目是广告类话题中最经典的，因为这道题目的范围最广。这道题目写成双边，好处是给消费者提供信息，促进经济发展，带动就业，坏处是欺骗误导消费者，误导儿童模仿，扰乱生活。

子题：广告是否会扼杀个性，使人们看起来都一样?针对儿童的广告有何利弊?针对儿童的广告是否应当被禁止?广告应当被禁止，因为它只有坏处没有好处，你是否同意?

五、*建设类

1. 个人与*

母题：Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (070825)

提示：关于*与个人这类话题，肯定是些*和个人都应当分担责任。

子题：*要不要为个人的医疗和健康*单?个人不要向国家缴税，你同意吗?公民除了纳税以外还有别的方法来尽社会责任吗?捐助是应该直接捐助给当地社区，还是给国家和国际性慈善组织?人们是否只应当关心当地和本国的人，而不是整个世界的人?

2. *应当投资吗?

母题：Some people say arts such as music and painting cannot directly improve the quality of people’s life, so the government shouldn’t put money on art such as music and painting, instead, they should spend more money on construction of public services. Do you agree or disagree? (040626, 041127, 070920, 110611)

提示：*投资类的话题几乎全都是交叉类话题，分别与教育(谁应该为学费*单)、艺术、科技、健康等话题结合。这类题目的写法大同小异，好处就是围绕各自的交叉来写，如促进教育、艺术、科技的发展，促进公民的健康，等等，而坏处都是一样的：浪费*的有限的财政lavish the tight budget of the government，或者说给*造成了沉重的经济负担impose a heavy financial burden on the government.

子题：*不应当投资修建剧院、体育馆，而是医疗和教育，你同意吗?艺术家应该是*资助，还是其他来源资助?*应当资助本土电影吗?科学研究应该被*而不是小公司来进行，你同意吗?体育队应该由*还是非*来源来赞助?个人健康是否应当由非营利性公司来运营?*应当投资修建道路吗?举办奥运会的利与弊?

3. 城市化与城乡差别

母题：In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities and into regional areas. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages? (080809)

提示：城市化的发展带来了一系列的问题，而最有效的方法就是把公司和工厂搬迁到局部地区(郊区)，进行人口导入。这虽然给城市的居住环境有很大的改善，但也会造成一定的负面影响。

子题：城市化会带来哪些问题，如何解决，是否要鼓励人们住在郊区?城市化会给年轻人带来什么问题，如何解决?是否只有*才能解决住房短缺问题? 城市规划者把商店、学校、办公楼、居民区集中在一起，有何利弊?市中心的商店生意惨淡，人们开车去郊区的商店，有何利弊?城乡差别产生的原因是什么，如何缩小差距?

六、社会建设类

1. 男女应该平等吗?

母题：Nowadays, some workplaces tend to employ equal numbers of men and women workers. Do you think it is a positive or negative development? (110115)

提示：这种想法貌似合理，但是男女特质不同，各自有自己的擅长，如果一味地追求数量平等，反而是一种不公平。

子题：大学的每门课是否应当招收相同数量的男女学生?男女特质不同，因此有些工作适合男性有些适合女性，你同意吗?女性是否应当参军?女性领导人是否会减少暴力冲突?父母是否都应该应当照顾小孩?

2. 人口结构与老龄化

母题1：In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society? (060211,111008)

提示：经典母题，人口老龄化ageing population的利与弊。11年10月刚考过。

母题2：Some people believe that in order to give opportunities to the new generation, companies should encourage high level employees who are older than 55 to retire. Do you agree or disagree? (030712, 030809)

提示：03年的老题，但是仍然有练习的价值。

子题：为什么对老年人不够尊重，会对社会造成什么影响?在一些国家，15岁以下的人口日益增加，对将来和未来有何影响?

3. 其它社会问题

题目： 贫富差距正在扩大，会导致哪些问题，如何解决? 为什么越来越多的人寻找自己家族的历史，这是好是坏?一些慈善组织和机构建立一些节日，诸如儿童节、无烟日，他们为什么要这样做，影响是什么?