雅思听力part4原题 雅思听力技巧之多选题难点分析

雅思听力一直是考试的重点，那么雅思听力往年的原题有哪些呢？下面是我整理的雅思听力往*衡喊年原题。这是不少出国人士很是关心的问题，和雅思栏目一起来了解相关资讯，欢中野迎阅读。

雅思听力往年原题

Study Finds Web Antifraud Measure Ineffective

Published: February 5, 2007 New York Times

1. Internet security experts have long known that simple passwords do not fully defend online bank accounts from determined fraud artists. Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.

2.The study, produced jointly by researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, looked at a technology called site-authentication images. In the system, currently used by financial institutions like Bank of America, ING Direct and Vanguard, online banking customers are asked to select an image, like a dog or chess piece, that they will see every time they log in to their account.

3.The idea is that if customers do not see their image, they could be at a fraudulent Web site, dummied up to look like their bank’s, and should not enter their passwords.

拦亮4.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers tested that hypothesis. In October, they brought 67 Bank of America customers in the Boston area into a controlled environment and asked them to conduct routine online banking activities, like looking up account balances. But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.

5.Of 60 participants who got that far into the study and whose results could be verified, 58 entered passwords anyway. Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.

6.“The premise is that site-authentication images increase security because customers will not enter their passwords if they do not see the correct image,” said Stuart Schechter, a computer scientist at the M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory. “From the study we learned that the premise is right less than 10 percent of the time.”

7.He added: “If a bank were to ask me if they should deploy it, I would say no, wait for something better,” he said.

8.The system has some high-power supporters in the financial services world, many trying to comply with new online banking regulations. In 2005, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, an interagency body of federal banking regulators, determined that passwords alone did not effectively thwart intruders like identity thieves.

9.It issued new guidelines, asking financial Web sites to find better ways for banks and customers to identify each other online. January 2007 was set as the compliance date, though the council has yet to begin enforcing the mandate.

10.Banks immediately knew what they did not want to do: ask customers to download new security software, or carry around hardware devices that feed them PIN codes they can use to authenticate their identities. Both solutions would add an extra layer of security but, the banks believed, detract from the convenience of online banking.

11.The image system, introduced in 2004 by a Silicon Valley firm called PassMark Security, offered banks a pain-free addition to their security arsenals. Bank of America was among the first to adopt it, in June 2005, under the brand name SiteKey, asking its 21 million Web site users to select an image from thousands of possible choices and to choose a unique phrase they would see every time they logged in.

12.SiteKey “gives our customers a fairly easy way of authenticating the Bank of America Web site,” said Sanjay Gupta, an e-commerce executive at the bank. “It was very well received.”

13.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers, however, found that most online banking customers did not notice when the SiteKey images were absent. When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured. The error message also had a conspicuous spelling mistake, further suggesting something fishy.

14.Mr. Gupta of Bank of America said he was not troubled by the results of the survey, and stressed that SiteKey had made the bank’s Web site more secure. He also said that the system was only a single part of a larger security blanket. “It’s not like we’re betting the bank on SiteKey,” he said.

15.Most financial institutions, like Bank of America, have other ways to tell if a customer is legitimate. The banks often drop a *all software program, called a cookie, onto a user’s PC to associate the computer with the customer. If the customer logs in from another machine, he may be asked personal questions, like his mother’s maiden name.

16.Rachna Dhamija, the Harvard researcher who conducted the study, points out that swindlers can use their dummy Web sites to ask customers those personal questions. She said that the study demonstrated that site-authentication images are fundamentally flawed and, worse, might actually detract from security by giving users a false sense of confidence.

17.RSA Security, the company that bought PassMark last year, “has a lot of great data on how SiteKey instills trust and confidence and good feelings in their customers,” Ms. Dhamija said. “Ultimately that might be why they adopted it. Sometimes the appearance of security is more important than security itself.”

(811 words )

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1.According to internet security experts, secondary security measures provide little additional protection against fraud.

2.In the Harvard and MIT study, two subjects didn’t log on without seeing the correct pictures.

3.According to Schechter, more than 90% of online banking customers studied logged on without seeing the right pictures.

4.The image system is the only security measure that the banks mentioned in the passage have currently.

5.Bank of America is the first bank that adopted the image system.

Questions 6-13

Answer the following questions or complete the following sentences by choosing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

6.What is ING Direct and Vanguard?

7.What might online banking customers be cheated to give at a fraudulent Web site?

8.What may stop online banking customers from using new verification methods?

9.The key to online banking security is to verify the ______ of customers.

10.Where is PassMark Security located?

11.What is the reason why SiteKey is popular among online banking customers?

12.What was used instead of images in the Harvard and M.I.T. study?

13.How many security methods are mentioned in this passage?

1. 第一段“Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.”似与问题文字很接近，但是原文中a popular secondary security measure是指特定的一个措施，而非泛指所有secondary security measure。原文没有其它secondary security measure安全有效性的内容。故应选择NG。

2. 见第4、5段内容。第四段 “But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.”即研究人员撤下了图形，第五段“Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.”，有两个人因为安全考虑未进入。

3. T 见第6段。

4. F 见第11、14段。

5. F 见第11段“Bank of America was among the first to adopt it”，可见首批采用图形识别软件的银行并非Bank of America一家。

6. A financial institution 见第二段。

7. (their) passwords 见第三段。

8. less convenience 见第十段。

9. identity 见第八、十段。

10. Silicon Valley 见第十一段。

11. easy to use 见第十二段。

12. site maintenance message 见第十三段“When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured.”

13. 4 分别见第十段的“download new security software”和“hardware devices that feed them PIN codes”，第十五段的“a *all software program, called a cookie”，以及本文提到的site-authentication images。

雅思考试中，多项选择题占有一定的比例，尤其是在旅游，课程等重要听力场景中经常出现。然而很多考生对这类题型经常感觉束手无策，在听力过程中毫无头绪，从而影响了自己雅思听力的分数，为此特别讲解一下多项选择题的解题要点。下面是我给大家带来的雅思听力多项选择题做题原则，希望能帮到大家!

雅思听力多项选择题做题原则

我们首先要了解一下雅思多项选择题的出题特点，国内考试中的多选派厅题比较倾向于听到哪个选项选哪个，这也是大多考生的通常做法，反观雅思听力考试中，更加侧重于理解，所有的选项都有涉及，考生必须抓住说话者的脉络，充分理解才不至于失分。同时还要注意通过同义词，反义词，或同根词来判断正确答案。

我们首先来看一下剑6Test 2中的Section 2。这是一个旅游场景题，后半部分为七选三的多选题。

预读：

题目为Which THREE attractions can you visit at present by train from Trebirch?

预读的过程中要画出关键词作为我们多选题的判断依据，这个题目中的需要注意的关键词为 three attractions, at present , by train , Trebirch

再看选项分别为场所名称。其中黑体部分为标记词。

A. A science museum

B. A theme park

C. A climbing wall

D. A mining museum

E. An aquarium

F. A castle

G. A zoo

听音过程

考生在开头会听到Um, there’s the Merthyr Mining Museum,听到Mining Museum, 同时听到后面有which is only half an hour from Trebirch by train. 通过，by train ,Trebirch, 可确定Mining Museum ，D为正确选项

接下来一句Your children will find it just as fascinating as any theme park. 排除干扰项B，theme park。 题中使用了as…..as…..的结构进行对比，而非景点介绍

难点：很多考生做题时听到theme park 选，而完全忽略的前面的比较结构。

在中间部分，考生会听到 Mainline trains also offer direct services to Bristol, where you can visit the docks or spend a great day out with the children in the zoo. 在这句话中，考生需要抓出trains, spend a day in the zoo,可确定zoo, G 为正确选项。

同样，后面一句which is set in the parkland that used to surround the old castle. 中带有干扰项F，castle. 考生要注意到前面的动词不定式部分为 to surround，即可排除该干扰项。

在后半部分，可以听到special family awayday fares,以及 where there’s lots to see and do including…..climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium. 其中 fare 为火车费用，后面 to see and do 等同于attraction, 所以确定climbing wall，C 为正确选项。 同尘伏隐时要发现aquarium 为climbing wall 的原址，故排除。 值得注意的是很多学生对于aquarium 的发厅薯音不是很清楚，容易造成失分。

在听力内容的后，提到了new science museum opens next year 与题干中at present 相悖，故排除。

再看剑8 Test 4的Section 3， 这个是有关学校场景的题。21-24是两个五选二的多选题。

预读：

21-22题目In which TWO ways is Dan financing his course? 关键词为financing course. 选项中黑体字部分为标记词。

A. He is receiving money from the government.

B. His family are willing to help him.

C. The college is giving him a *all grant.

D. His local council is supporting him for a limited period.

E. A former employer is providing partial funding.

听音过程：

原文中我们分别听到，So then I asked the boss of the company I used to work for if they would sponsor me,………, he said they’d make a contribution.

My parents had been saying that as I ……., but in the end they took pity on me, so now I’ve just about got enough.

原文中 the boss of the company I used to work =former employer .

sponsor, make a contribution =finance

parents =family , take pity on me = agree to support me

从以上我们可以确定，B.E为正确选项。

同时，录音中还提到local council for grant, 但是终 turn me down.

I thought I was eligible for government funding, but it seems I was mistaken.其中eligible= qualified,

容易混淆的是college grants, 录音中提到，college grants and scholarships, 但Dan说but they are all so *all that I decided to leave them until I was desperate. 可见college grants 只是他的back-up。

再看22-24.题目：

which TWO reasons does Jeannie give for deciding to leave some college clubs? 关键词为two reasons, leave the clubs.

A. She is not sufficiently challenged.

B. The activity interferes with her studies.

C. She does not have enough time.

D. The activity is too demanding physically.

E. She does not think she is any good at the activity.

题干中关键词已用黑体字标出。解题关键要听出不同club的优缺点。

听音过程

在原文中分别提到了，drama club, spring production, singing , debating society， sports . 其中

Drama club : I’ve got behind with my work, but it’s worth it.

behind with my work=interfere with her studies, 但是提到worth it, 所以B排除。

Singing：I don’t think the conductor stretches us enough, though so I’ll give up after the next concert.

Stretch 本身有伸展的意思，在这里与 challenge 有相同的意思，而后面提到give up， 所以确定 A为正确选项。

Debating society: It’s fun, but with all the rehearsing I’m doing, something has to go.

But 为答案标记词，通常转折后面为说话者真正的意图，后面提到有rehearsal, 所以可以确定是not enough time. 同时也提到了something has to go, 意味着要退出。结合以上两点可以确定C 为正确选项。

Sports: I’m not very good, but I’d really miss it if I stopped. 可以确定说话者不会离开。但要注意后面一句I’m simply not fit enough. 这句为干扰项，不要只听到一个not fit ,就去选择D,或者E。

从以上三个题中，我们可以看出多项选择题更注重学生对于全文的理解掌握，对于关键信息的提取。为此考生在做题过程中，首先要划出关键词，带着关键信息去听，在听音过程中要注意同义词，反义词等语义转换，从而做出判断。考生平时应多进行泛听，精听练习，练习对于文章大意的掌握，同时还要注意同义词的积累，这样才能在考试中事半功倍。

托福听力：语法中的段落原则

这些东东乍看之下觉得还不错,但实战听力时会发现来不用或者不会用。所以在平时练习的时候就应该有意识地练习用,实在不行可以拿已经听熟的段子练。

1 主题思想原则 (part C 预看选项,以听为主,抓住主题)

A 原词做答(针对首尾两题)

1)开头原词：本次主题, 现在干什么

2)结尾原词：下次主题, 接着干什么

B Jerry十大信号词

Part C头题选项： the+信号词+of sth。

C 导语+首尾原则

1)开头句型：

Let"s now focus on……

I"d like to begin today"s lecture by……

Today we"ll talk about/discuss/centre on……

Following our discussion last time, we will discuss……

2)结尾句型：

Next time we meet , we will discuss……

We will continue our discussion next time……

Finally, at last, all in all, in short, in a nut shell

2 顺序对应原则 (针对细节题：时间,地点,人物)

3 重复原则 (抓重复频率较高的词做答)

4 观点原则

he + claim/ argue/ appointment/ maintain/ believe/ state +that……

in one"s opinion, from his point of view

5 建议原则

A 注意段落结尾处的建议

B 常出现在段落结尾处的三种建议句型

1)Jerry十大常规建议句型

2)Just+动原 (祈使句表建议)

3)maybe, perhaps, probably引导委婉语气表建议

C* 建议句型的三种变化

1)if从句虚拟语气表建议

2)同B 3)

3)同B 2)

6 比较原则

as……as, similar to, different from, original, compare to, contract

7 因果原则

A 段落头几句中提到的原因

B 经常导出因果关系的结构

Because, because of, as a result of, the reason is, consequently

8 转折原则(Jerry十大转折词)

but, however, while, to be honest, frankly

9* 强调原则

A 语义强调(important, emphasis, especially, only)

1)解释性说明

that is, that means, which means, that is to say,

let"s put it this way,in other words

2)强调句型(老师套话)

just remember, once again, you should……, let me repeat,

let me also point out,

the first……is……, it is……that……, make sure to do, don"t forget

3)ad。级表强调(most)

4)结论性强调

In short, In conclusion, All in all, In a nut shell, Generally speaking,

We may conclude that, the conclusion that

B 语气强调

1)重读强调

2)慢读强调(听到什么选什么)

3)停顿强调

C 举例强调(掌握例子所验证的理论)

D*(难词后面的)解释原则

Which means, that is to say, in other words

10 数字原则

A 时间 (时间感觉)： Jerry六组常考时间副词

B 频率, 次数, 数字及其修饰的概念

11 人名原则

A 职业

B 贡献

12 自我原则 (陈述某人的观点,必为考点)

As far as I am consume……

According to my understanding……

To my knowledge……

13 承接原则 (平行结构)

firstly, secondly, ……lastly

【 #英语听力# 导语】一般多选题分为5选2和7选3两种，极偶尔会有7选2这样的情况，2个或3个答案相互独立，且答案顺序不影响评分，即这2个或者3个答案并非算做同1题，不过，也极偶尔会出现2个或者3个选项只算1题的情况。在雅思听力评分中，3题的正确率就可以有0.5分的影响了，所以多选题也是我们每题必争的。下面对雅思听力多选题的解题难点和对策做详细的分析。

一、同义替换

同义替换是听力选择题的核心考点，多选题肯定也不例外，同义互换给考生造成的疑惑点也可想而知，如果没有听懂原文的意思，那么很难将原文相应内容与选项内容对应上，也就直接导致答案选不对甚至直接感觉答案都没在听力原文里出现过镇老迹。多选题和单选题很像，同义替换的位置不仅会在选项上，同样也会在题干里面，而且同义替换的方式多变。

比如，剑桥4 Test2 Section3的第25, 26两题：

What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?

A. the data is sometimes invalid

B. Too few people may respond

C. It is less likely to reveal the unexpected

D. In can only be used with literate populations

E. There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaire

原文：

ROSA: No, I’m sure it talked drawbacks as well, didn’t it? Something about the response rate and the problems you get if it’s too low. (B)

MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.

ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected (C), because it is……

我们不难发现，问题当中的disadvantage这个词，换成了drawback, 还有选项B中的few替换成了too low。这些同义替换都是最基本的近义词、同义词间的互换。

而且这些同义替换都是常见的，重复出现的，所以难度不大。对于御并这样的题目或者说这样的同义替换，考生们肯定要在平时多积累常见的同义替换的单词、词组，多去延伸某一个单词的近义含茄词、同义词。就拿上面那个例子当中disadvantage 和drawback的同义替换来说，在剑桥3、剑桥7、剑桥9当中出现了至少4次。

当然也有同义替换难度比较大的，比如：剑桥6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三题：

Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in the connection with 20th century housing in the East End?

A. Unsympathetic landlords

B. Unclean water

C. Heating problems

D. High rents

E. Over crowing

F. Poor standards of building

G. Houses catching fire

答案C, E, F在文中对应的内容为：

Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built. (F)

Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. (C)

A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles. (E)

这样的同义替换是一种概括总结型的同义替换，这样的替换方式没有办法死记，因为每次替换的内容都可以不一样，不像近义词同义词的对等替换，概括总结型的同义替换是一种从属性质的替换，选项在意思上将原文内容意思高度概括，从而达到一种对应，这样的替换不仅要求考生听懂原文当中句子的意思，而且还要有同义互换的主动意识，也就是说要能够在听懂意思的基础上积极主动的去思考听懂的信息是否与某个选项匹配。否则，很多考生就会听懂原文意思，但没有反应过来听懂的意思可以和哪个选项对应。

二、干扰

干扰其实不仅在多选题当中有，单选题、填空题都会有干扰。在多选题中，干扰大多是选项内容与听力原文中的内容部分甚至完全相同，但从符合题意的角度，该选项不能作为正确选项。简单说来就是听到但不能选。同义替换已经很难了，为什么还要设计干扰作为另外一个难点?因为有时候同义替换的难度不够酸爽，再配上干扰，这样对于剑桥来说就完美了!干扰的情况在多选题当中比较容易判断，可以大致分为所有选项干扰、部分选项干扰以及问题条件干扰。

首先以剑桥5 Test1 Section1的第5, 6两题为例：

Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour?

A. Fishing trip

B. Guided bushwalk

C. Reptile park entry

D. Table tennis

E. Tennis

这题就是上面说的所有选项干扰的一题，根据听力原文：

You guide will take anyone who is interested either on a bushwalk through the national park near the hotel, and there’s no extra charge for that, or on a fishing trip. That’s an extra $12 I think. And there is also a reptile park in town-that costs more or less the same. And if you just want to relax, you are free to sit by the hotel pool or go down the beach. Oh, they also have tennis courts at the hotel, but you have to pay for those by the hour. But there are table tennis tables downstairs, and they are part of the accommodation package……

A-E所有5个选项在听力原文当中都出现了，如果没有听懂意思，而只是听单词，这题难度就很大了，所以一定要关注符合题目“are included in the price of the tour”要求的选项。这种所有选项干扰的情况可以在审题的时候就预判出来，一般选项内容简单且不太容易做同义替换的时候，很容易出现所有选项都在听力中重现的情况，如果考生们能在审题时发现这一点，从而提醒自己一定不能再听到什么就选什么，一定要关注符合问题内容的信息，这样做对的几率会大大增加。

值得注意的是，在选项全部在听力原文中重现的这种多选题中，并非同义替换就不存在了，只是不在选项上了，同义替换的位置很有可能会在题干当中，如上题，“are included in the price of the tour”就被替换成了2种说法“no extra charge”和“part of the accommodation package”，且后一种同义替换的难度非常大，很多烤鸭都没有反应过来这是住宿打包费用的一部分的意思，也就是费用已包含的意思。

其实，如果所有选项都在听力中重现，还可以用排除法去剔除错误选项，剩下的就是正确选项了，也就是说就算不知道“part of the accommodation package”的意思选不出E来，也应该知道D. table tennis是需要pay by the hour的，也就是和“are included in the price of the tour”意思相反，A,C选项也可以用同样的方式剔除。

再以刚刚提过的剑桥6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三题为例：

其实这题的难度远不止正确选项C, E, F的同义替换，如果我们看看所有选项以及题目相关的所有听力内容就不难发现，其实这题也有干扰，这种情况就是上面说的部分选项干扰，即不是所有选项都出现，只是其中几个选项出现，并且有的具有干扰功能：

A. Unsympathetic landlords

B. Unclean water

C. Heating problems

D. High rents

E. Over crowing

F. Poor standards of building

G. Houses catching fire

A-G 7个选项对应的所有听力原文内容为：

Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built, because there was no regulation. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, and they had to be housed. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that was the major concern for tenants and landlords alike. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. Of course, the *oke from these contributed a great deal to the air pollution for which London used to be famous. A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles.

不难发现，原文中有landlords一词，这个词也出现在了A选项中，构成了干扰，尤其对于没有听太清楚这个句子意思的考生，可能会想选A, 毕竟有个原文中出现的单词，其实在选项字比较多比较容易做同义替换的多选题当中，当有选项内容或者部分内容原文重现的时候，这样的选项不仅不能立刻认为正确，而且还要慎重考虑是否会是干扰;“the *oke from these contributed……”，很多同学也会因为这个部分而选择G, 因为前面说在房子里烧煤取暖，这里又说冒烟，联系起来自己脑补一下感觉可能是说房子容易由于烧煤取暖而着火冒烟，因此这里的G也是一个干扰，且这个干扰对于水平稍好，能听懂一部分内容而不是全部内容的同学来说尤其具有迷惑性，因为这个选项没有之前的干扰方式那么简单粗暴的就将原文重现，而是疑似做了一下同义替换，这是比较难的一种干扰选项的出现方式，即根据原文内容做了一部分的意思同义替换，但整个选项意思还是和原文不符的，这样的干扰选项的排除就需要考生听懂不止是某几个词，而是整句话。

最后以剑桥6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30题为例：

这道多选题除了刚刚说的那些干扰和同义替换情况之外，还有另外一种干扰存在，这种干扰不是单纯利用选项和听力原文的相似性进行干扰，这种干扰还和问题有关，也就是上面所说的问题条件干扰：

Which THREE topics do this term’s study skill workshop cover?

我们只看其中的选项A. An introduction to the Internet对应的听力原文的内容“the one for internet beginners was last term”和题目要求的this term相反，除此之外的部分与A选项的意思完全一样，就是时间限制让A选项成了错误项、干扰项。而且，通过总结发现，问题当中最常充当干扰内容的就是时间限制条件，且这样的干扰也会出现在单项选择题当中。因此，以后在问题当中看到表示时间限制的内容要多加小心，原文中可能会有另一个时间限制。

三、题目长度

当然，剑桥6 Test4 Section3的第28, 29, 30题可能不止是同义互换和干扰是难点，这个多选题难还因为题目的长度：

Which THREE topics do this term’s study skill workshop cover?

A. An introduction to the Internet

B. How to carry out research for a dissertation

C. Making good use of the whole range of library services

D. Planning a dissertation

E. Standard requirements when writing a dissertation

F. Using the Internet when doing research

G. What books and technical resources are available in the library

读完问题和7个选项的时间只有差不多10秒钟，这个时间显然不够，就算可以在规定时间内读完选项，在做题的时候，那么多文字内容在边听边要做出选择的时候也是一种巨大的挑战。所以在做多选题的时候，如果能给选项分类，那就可以大大减小边听边找选项的压力，把需要看的选项缩小到一定范围。不难发现，上题的7个选项可以分3类，一类里面有internet的A, F;一类是有dissertation的B, D, E;一类是有library的C, G, 这样一来，当听力中提到比如internet的时候，我们就不用每个选项都去看是否符合，只需要去看A, F, 这样大大减小了做题难度。

总之，从做题顺序角度而言，多选题的解题对策可以简单概括成：看分类，看干扰点，听同义替换。把握住这3点，多选题一下子褪去了复杂的外衣，漏出本质，更易得分。

雅思听力四个部分别考什么?雅思四个部分考什么? 对于初次接触雅思考试的烤鸭们，提到雅思听力相信考生第一个想知道的问题，我就这个问题带大家一起来看看《雅思官方指南》怎么说的吧。

雅思听力四个部分别考什么?

Section 1 A conversation between two people about a general topic with a transactional purpose (e.g. finding out information about travel).

Section 2 A monologue or prompted monologue on a general topic with a transactional purpose (e.g. giving information about events in the community).

Section 3 A conversation between two or three people in an academic context (e.g. a student and a tutor discussing an academic problem).

Section 4 A monologue in an academic context (e.g. a lecture).

《雅思官方指南》对听力的锋厅具体解析内容如下：

Section 1：两个人就一个普通话题进行以信息交流为目的的对话(比如：发现旅游信息)。

通过对历年真题的分析，我们发现历年的考题都是以旅游为最多，2021 年出现频率高达17 次。考生在2021 年毫无疑问要把旅游相关的单词和考点弄清楚。考生可能还要问其他普通话题包括什么呢?让我们看看《雅思官方指南》给出的八套练习题。本部分的话题依次是：旅游、 故事 比赛信息、健身、夜校课程、失物招领、租房、酒店预订、活动信息。考生从中可以看出这跟剑桥系列并没有区别。当然这些话题并不能包含 section 1 话题的全部。如果结合2021 年的考试情况稍作拓展， 还有可能考到的话题也可以包括求职、邮局、银行、医院等等。

Section 2：就一个普通话题进行信息交流的独白或者有提示的独白(比如：给出社团活动信息)。

先看看《雅思官方指南》的八套练习题的话题内容：旅游介绍、海洋中心介绍、酒店介绍、花园整改介绍、公园介绍、警方给出的一个指南、资料中心介绍。社团活动信息过于笼统，从《雅思官方指南》练习题中可以看出主要是以地点介绍为主，这一点契合2021 年的雅思考试情况，在2021 年的48 次考试*计23 篇听力以旅游景点的介绍为主。其大体考试思路是介绍这个地方的背景知识、参观的时间、地点安排、布局介绍和注意事项。组织考察的基本思路是、时间、地点、内容和注意事项。另外一般而言， section 2 通常会有一到两处节奏忽然变快的现象，考生尤其要注意对速度的把握，预测节奏快的地方也不难，基本上空间距离比较近的两个题之间节奏偏快。

Section 3：学术场景下的两到三人对话(比如：师生之间的学术问题讨论)。

《雅思官方指南》给出的八套练习题的话题分别不一样。概括起来就是本部分是以学生的银世隐作业和课程讨论为主要话题，具体细分的话还可以归类于五大话题即为：论文、展示、调查、项目和选课，此五大话题能占到本部分出题的90% 左右。考生可以根据历年考题所涉及的本部分的高频词汇记忆增加对本部分语言的敏感，并通过背景知识的扩充增加对本部分的精准把握。

Section 4：学术场景下的独白(比如：老师讲课)。

《雅思官方指南》给出的八篇练习依次是：早期人类制陶、展示准备、头发讲座、新西兰毛利人风筝*、岩画、朋友影响、烟返伏花历史和乌鸦研究。不难看出本部分的难度在于话题的多样性，所以也是四个部分中最能体现考生实力的一个部分，考生要想在本部分发挥出自己的最佳水平，一个切实可行的理念就是保证容易的题目答题正确，本部分的两类容易的题目即为数字题和列举题，考生不妨在读题时对题目进行难易分级，通过做标记的形式在做题时重点攻克，最终取得预期的成绩。

雅思听力读不懂题目一样做

这几年教授雅思听力，在这一过程中常常遇到些基础欠佳的同学总是因为单词量或者基础的问题被雅思听力难住。雅思考生因为生词不认识，读不懂题目，进而该题甚至整个section的题目全部报废。本文会帮助考生帮助分析读题方面常出现的问题，并且提出一些考场上切实可行的解决 方法 。

众所周知，雅思考试一共考察学生4种能力，即听，说，读，写;其实雅思主办方在考试中巧妙地考察了学生另外一种英语基本能力，那就是翻译的能力。拿听力考试举例，考生首先需要读懂题干，正确理解题目含义，这个就是学生把英文(源语)解码转化生成中文(目的语)的过程，学生在不知不觉中完成了笔译员的工作。而当听力音频播放的时候，学生又充当起口译员的角色;把听到的英文 句子 翻译成句意通顺，符合中文表达习惯的译文，和口译员唯一不同的地方是，学生把翻译好的句子自己进行内部消化，而不是把译文念给其他听众。所以说，听力所考察的内容，远没大家想象中的那样简单。但是，如果我们可以从读题中获得充足的信息，可以有效帮我们缓解听力答题过程中的压力。

1.如何读题?

在第一节强化课开始的时候，我就会跟学生强调一点，读题是否准确，对能不能在原文中抓住正确答案起着至关重要的作用。根据我的做题 经验 总结 ，读题答题分为2个步骤，第一步是通读题干，进行英译中的工作;第二步，在已经理解了题干的基础上，对本题进行预测工作。

1)通读题干，进行英译中

在这个过程中，就会出现若干个小问题，比如大家都会或害怕遇到的问题就是题干中出现不认识的生词。这该如何处理呢?首先，不要害怕生词，因为有时即使不认识的单词也并不一定给读题带来困扰;比如剑4-3-2中的一道选择题：

例：how many circuses are there in the festival?

A. one

B. two

C. several

每当课上给学生做这道练习题目的时候，学生总是会习惯性地问我：“老师，circuses什么意思啊?”在学生看来，读题就是要把题目中的每一个单词意思都弄懂，然后再进行字对字形式地翻译。其实，我们在碰到生词的时候，首先要猜测下单词的读音，不论发音是否正确，而不是非要知道这个词什么意思。这是因为，首先，像这种不认识的词，而且是名词词性的生词一般会在原文中原词重现，所以当知道单词的发音后，就方便我们回到原文大致定位该题出现的位置了。接下来，我们进行翻译的动作了。有的同学问，发音知道了，可意思不知道，还是不能翻译啊?这个其实可以通过意思转化来解决，比如该题中的circuses一词，经过判断后得知是名词的复数形式，那么在翻译中，只要是名词词性的生词我们都可以用中文中的“什么”来替换生词的含义，最后放在原文中得出的意思就是：有多少个“什么”在festival中;而通过阅读选项可以得知，此题询问的是具体数量，所以我们要做的工作就是通过生词发音定位答案出现的位置，以及辨识和生词有关的数量是否正确。在知道了如何处理生词的步骤后，让我们来看看听力原文中是如何进行描述的。

“For today’s report though, Geoffrey, I’m looking at some of the theatrical events that you might like to see; in particular, at this year’s theme-Circuses1.(此处原词第一次重现，学生需要再此处提高警惕，答案即将登场). I’m going to tell you about two Circus2 (原文中生词第二次出现) performances, but there are plenty of others in the programme”.

通过生词的发音我们就可以定位它在原文中的位置了，而通过题干中的关键词in the festival和原文中转折词but，plenty of 和in the programme的出现，我们就可以把正确答案several选出来了。

如果在题干中碰到动词不认识又该如何处理呢?我们接着来看例题：

例：Where does Circus Romano perform?

A. in the theatre

B. in a tent

C. in a stadium

这道题中除了上面例题中的circus，还出现了一个生词perform(虽然此生词为常用词汇，但此处假设有同学视之为生词)，我们刚才讲过的内容就可以用上啦，猜测circus和perform 两个词的发音，把名词circus置换成中文中的“什么”，那perform又该如何处理呢?通过对题目的理解，does为一般现在时的助动词，Romano一词首字母大写，所以可判断其为名词，那么显然剩下的perform就是本句话中的动词了;而且句中疑问词where是对动词提问。我们可以把不认识的动词perform转化成中文中的“怎么”的意思，带入句子，得出的译文为：“什么”在哪“怎么”了，通过阅读选项的意思加以验证题干，果然这道题的出题点就是问和Romano有关的地点。

2)进行题目预测

在从英文题干提取出中文意思后，我们就要对题干中空格处进行预测工作了。在预测环节我们要进行2个步骤，第一是对空格处词性或答案组合进行预测;第二步是*此题是不是会出现听力陷阱。第一个工作我们应该已经不陌生了，比如看到空格前如有$或是?符号，那么空格处填写的内容一定是和数字有关，如果是单词address出现在空格前，那么这道题的答案一定是数字加单词的组合，对于第一步来说，能够预测到这里已经算是合格了，接着让我们来看第二步。比如某道题中题干中除了之前碰见过的address，还有个单词present，那么我们就要来想一想了，多出个present这个词的用意是什么呢?present的意思是“现在的，当前的”，那么题干问“当前的地址”，我们能从其中察觉到此题话中有话，所以在听原文的时候要对此题特别重视了。当原文中提到Where do you live? 的时候，一个说话人会说我之前住在_X，但是那里环境不好，太吵了，所以我搬到了_X，我现在的地址是_X。果不其然，我们这道题中碰到了第一部分中如幽灵般存在的听力陷阱，如果大家做好准备的话，可以很轻松地把陷阱跳过去，直接面对正确答案了。

通过上文的介绍和例题的讲解，我相信大家应该对如何读题以及在实战中如何处理生词的问题有了一番了解和新的认识，总之，希望借由此文唤起大家对读题重要性的重视，并在考试中能运用文中提到的方法去客服读题困难，最终取得自己满意的成绩。

雅思听力填空题解题技巧

雅思听力目前由选择题和填空题两大部分组成。雅思听力的填空题相对于选择题，大多数情况下只需找到信息点，不需全句听懂就可以完成题目，是相对较好提分的题型。然而section3和section4的填空题却给大多数考生带来困扰，甚至成为很多人突破7分的瓶颈。那3,4部分的填空题究竟难在哪里，要以什么策略应对呢?以下以剑桥雅思真题为例，进行解析。

雅思的填空题相对于选择题，属于略为简单的题型，因为考生大多数情况下只需找到信息点，不需全句听懂就可以完成题目，且相对于选择题，填空题的陷阱较少，只要有一定的词汇基础，再注意细节，是相对较好提分的题型。

但是很多同学反应：section1和section2的填空题的确简单，但是从section3开始，就有点跟不上趟了。

今天，我就集中讨论一下section3 和 section 4出现的summary与sentence completion的应对技巧。

同样是填空题，为什么section 1和section2的那么简单呢?三四部分的填空难，是因为节奏快?词汇量要求高?

其实你会发现，即使到了第四部分，两道题答案中间的间隔也不是很短;还有， 虽然录音原文会涉及一些偏僻的词汇，但是要填的空90%都在4级甚至是高考词汇之内。那为什么答案总是那么一闪而过，与你失之交臂呢?

其实3,4部分填空的难点，尤其是summary completion 的考点，在于录音和题目文本的差距大。试想一下，如果填空听到的录音和题目文本一模一样，只是挖出了几个空给你填，是不是瞬间变得容易很多。那么，这所谓的差距体现在哪些方面呢?

1. 关键词乱序---- 即答案前置;关键词后置;这样等你终于等到了关键词，答案已经过去了

2. 关键词替换：比如把financial affairs替换成economic situations

3. 句型大幅调整

4. 逻辑关系的调整

例如：

剑桥雅思5, Test1, Section4(summary completion):

原题：

Research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a 36-----------occurs. This is the worst time to make decisions…... A good way for women to develop their 38---------- in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in 39------------.

题目难点：

1. 定位词后置+定位词替换+句型转换(36题)

录音：The research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisis to make them think about their future financial situation.

a. 定位词financial future在答案出现之后才出现，容易漏听

b. 定位词financial future不是以原词出现，而是替换成了future financial situation

c. 句型上的较大调整: women do sth when ___occurs

替换成了it takes ___ for women to do sth

d. 逻辑替换：反向推理(38题)

题目： a good way is to develop __________ in dealing with financial affairs

录音： Woman avoid dealing effectively with their economic situations because of a lack of confidence …

------- 女性不能有效handle经济事务是由于 a lack of confidence

反向推理：正因为做不好的原因是缺乏confidence, 才需要发展confidence

分析完了考官的出题思路, 看过了一篇有难度的summary completion, 考生更关心的是：我的基本功也不是一天，两天可以大幅提升的，就我现在的水平，给我临场可以多抓两道题的应试技巧吧。

好，那你就应该做到这几点：

1.读题时找准关键词 (虽然一开始接触雅思听力就知道要找关键词，但你真的找对了吗?)同时在心里默默准备2个关键词的替换说法

那什么才是正确的关键词同时也常常是雅思听力的考点呢?其实很简单：

时间，地点，名词，比较级，做高级，表程度的词(如a large part; a great number)和表示否定意义的词。需要注意的是：要找每一题新鲜出来的信息，反复出现的信息(如topic对象)不能选择，因为这根本起不到定位作用!

2. 预测空格要填的是什么：注意：细化很重要!!!例如，只想到了要填一个名词还不够，能够想到是一个location或者是一项activity,你听题是就更能做到有的放矢!

3. 观察题目布局：比如前后两道题中间隔了好几句话，那么，请期待录音出现于答案无关的大段废话吧， 对于这些废话， 无需听懂，只要时时刻刻跟到录音讲到哪里就可以了;

而如果两个空中间的空隙较小，那么请期待着两个答案在录音里出现时会间隔很短。

4. 听录音时积极搜索关键词和符合出题空的词，可以多写下几个词，在整理答案的时候挑一个出来 (这也可以帮助我们应付答案前置的情况)

举例说明：

剑6，test 4, section4:

36. One threat to the lions in the sanctuary is ___________

学生常常错误选取“lions”或者 “sanctuary”作为关键词，但是lions是 文章 讨论的主题，sanctuary是后面五道填空的副标题，都不是新鲜的信息，所以不能选择。

这里真正的关键词是：“threat”

接着细化预测：既然是threat:那么一定是一个名词(并且不是什么好东西)

接着听题时积极搜索：(原文如下)

Despite living in the sanctuary, which makes them safe from hunters. They still face a number of problems that threaten their survival. One of these if the ever-present danger of disease.

很多学生会误填：hunters, 但是听题时应注意：“despite”(表让步，后面往往跟次要信息) “safe from hunters”(不受hunters迫害)——— 这些都明确告诉我们hunters不是答案

当听到problems that threaten their survival的时候，应该敏感地捕捉到关键词来了，然后顺藤摸瓜抓住“disease”----本题正确答案。

39. The lions sometimes__________, especially when water is short.

关键词：表时间的信息：when water is short

细化的预测：应该是 do sth (lions在缺水是可能做的一件事情)

积极搜索：(原文如下)

And they’ve even been known to attack humans, especially in times of drought.

听到狮子attack humans符合了我们刚刚要的do sth,应该积极地写下来，听到后面出现 especially in times of drought对应上了缺水这一关键信息点时，我们就知道答案就是attack humans.