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盘点雅思写作限制性因素及解决策略(雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结)

更新:2025年02月07日 04:51 雅思无忧

今天雅思无忧小编整理了盘点雅思写作限制性因素及解决策略(雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结)相关信息,希望在这方面能够更好帮助到大家。

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盘点雅思写作限制性因素及解决策略(雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结)

盘点雅思写作限制性因素及解决策略

雅思写作中的限制性因素有哪些呢?和雅思作文栏目我一起来看一下吧!让我们找到问题,然后对症下药!

下面和大家浅谈一下两种文体的写作问题:辩论式写作(argumentative),比较写作 (compare&contrast). 这两种写作是现在主流英语考试,TOEFL, IELTS,GRE的主要考察的写作方式,因此是中国学生特别希望能掌握好的。要想提高英语写作,有这样四个方面需要注意。

雅思写作高分限制因素一.文章结构

英语书面写作的结构是有很严格的标准的,即开头,主题,结尾。在开头段要提出自己的观点(thesis statement),主体可以分为3到5段,用分论点来支持自己的观点,最后是总结,重述自己的观点,呼应开头的观点。如果是小作文(300-400 字),比如说托福和雅思的大作文,一般主体段写3段比较合适。写多了,自己没有那么多理由,写少了,显得没有说服力。因此,这种结构通常被称为五段式 (five-paragraph format), 是英语写作最常用的结构。 中国人最常见的问题有几种:

1.开头冗长,绕来绕去,不知所云,摆一堆华丽而没有实质内容的句子,然后突然跳到自己的观点。

2.开头和主体段的第一段混成一谈。有同学会直接写“我同意。。。观点因为。。。。。”一句话给出观点,然后就直接开始写第一点原因。这样的文章结构不清晰,在阅卷人眼中马上被打上结构不清的标签,如果再犯两个语法错误,那就别想翻身了。

3.主体没有分段,把所有的原因揉在一起,让读者去自己理清条理。英语和中文不一样。英语是作者责任制(writer- responsible), 中文是读者责任制(reader-responsible)。也就是说写英文,作者需要保证读者能明白自己写的是什么,如果读者不明白,那就是你作者的责任。而在中文中则正好相反,我想怎么写怎么写,读不懂是你读者的问题。

4.主体段每段中没有主题句(topic sentence),或者一个明显的主题意思。经常看到有人说了一堆例子,却不明白他要这些例子说明什么。其实,只要在每个段落前加一个很简短的句子,告诉别人你在说什么,就会使文章变得很清楚。

5.主体段有主题句,但是没有对主题句进行进一步解释,而是直接摆例子,这样会显得文章非常的唐突。

6.文章有开头,但是在开头作者没有给出观点,而是在结尾给出观点。对于这种写法,也有争议,讲英语的人也在争论是不是世界上所有的人都应该按照英语的文体写。一般的结论是认为,这取决于你的读者,如果你的读者是英语为母语的人,那么还是按照他们的习惯写为好,不要追求什么神秘感,一定要等到最后才给出观点。对于托福雅思的作文,还是规矩点比较好。对于其他的文章看老师的要求,我的老师就要求我在写某种论文的时候不要在开头给观点,而是在结尾提出观点。

雅思写作高分限制因素二. 语法问题

考试和实际交流要求还是不太一样的。在交流的过程中,有语法错误是很正常的,听者在不影响理解的情况下也不会太在意。但是考试就不一样了,它需要相对的准确性。然而对于语法问题也不是全都非常严重的,在考官眼里,那些影响意思表达的错误才最重要,所以我们在写作的时候要尽量避免这些错误。例如,时态的使用,一个过去的故事,如果你使用的都是一般现在时,那读者就会非常迷惑,不知道时间之间的顺序或关系。还有代词的指代也很容易影响理解。读我们同学写的作文经常就是某个地方冒出来个it, that, they,之类的代词,可是代词前面有很多名词,反复读也不明白这些代词指的是什么。其实这也是由文化差异造成的,中文中为了避免重复名词,会大量使用代词。具体这些代词指代的是哪个,需要读者自己去读明白,这就是我们常说的reader-responsible。而英语就不同了,作者有责任为读者解释清楚每个地方,是一种writer-responsible的文体。不光是中国学生,日本,韩国,越南,甚至是*的学生都有这种问题。除了这些大的语法问题,关于冠词啊,一些不影响意思的介词,第三人称单数是否加s了,很多读者都不是很在意。很多教授都承认,有些结构在英语中非常的不规则,外国人用错了很能让人理解。

雅思写作高分限制因素三.用词问题

经常听到老师说,写作和口语用词要特别。其实这是没错的,但是很多同学却误解这句话的意思,认为用词特别就是用一些长词,少见的词。于是,经常在学生的作文里看到一些可笑的英语中很古老的词,或者是在很学术性的文章中才会用到的词。有的同学直接从字典里找到一个单词的同义词,然后从那些同义词里挑一个自己没怎么听说过的,写在作文中,还觉得自己特别牛。有一个同学,写自己讨厌英语用了abhor,虽然是近义词,但是abhor却只很惊恐,很讨厌的意思。有一个中国同学,每次交作文第2稿的时候总是抱怨写作中心的老师把他作文中的大词全都改了。他用了很多大词,难词,但是没有一个是用正确的。老师问他都认识这些词吗,他说不认识,都是从字典里挑的。用词要恰到好处,有意识的让自己用词多样化是很好的,但是要注意用的词的具体用法,就是说查到这个单词的时候要再查查这个单词的例句,看看能不能在自己的作文中类似的情况下使用。有时候一查字典就可以看到,有些词标识着formal,证明是很正式的词,有些词就说明了是outdated, rarelyused, 之类的。有个同学说英语的时候总是用一些GRE的词汇,每次他和人说话,大家都觉得他说的非常可笑,一点也没觉得他英语好。相反,有的同学用的词都很普通,但是表达的意思比较准确,所以大家都觉得说的比较地道些。那么,怎么解决自己用词重复,或者经常用简单词的问题呢?那需要你拿一点时间专门来总结些同义词,学习一下这些词的用法,这样,了解了用法再去使用,就不会很怪异。比如说,想表达喜欢一件事情,你要总结出:be fond of, be interested in, be keen on, be fascinated by, sth appeals to me a lot,等等,很多表达方式。在练习写作的时候刻意的多换些词使用,今后写的时候就会自然想到这些词。因此,一句话来说,用词要特别,更要准确。

雅思写作高分限制因素四.思路拓展

常见的作文就是有个观点,然后用于支持这个观点的理由就一个,来回来去的说,写来写去,看着是写了一大篇,其实都是对一个理由的重复,这样虽然你的字数不少,但是对于读者来说,和写一个主体段,一个理由没有什么区别。其实写作思路问题在短期之内是无法解决的,广泛的阅读才能开阔自己的视野,写作的思路才能打开。所以这个问题需要大家多读读英文报纸,比如21世纪报就很不错,难度不高,内容也很有意思。如果是在没法那么广泛的阅读,可以阅读专门为考试编写的思路拓展书。当然在短期内让大家补充那么多知识有点不太现实,那大家就可以学会从常见的几个角度来分析不同的问题。其实我们可以尝试着从经济角度,环保角度,时间消耗,情感等等角度来讨论。熟悉了这些角度的词汇,可以让你以不变应万变。

上面就是针对中国考生在雅思写作考试中最弱的四个雅思写作高分限制因素总结的解决之道,其中建议广大考生最需要关注的就是文章结构和逻辑,这是非常重要的,也是整篇文章的骨架,千万不能歪掉,而语言和语法方面的话只要丰富并特别注意一下还是没问题的。

雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结

雅思大作文 中有一类题目是因果关系类,具体包括三小类:cause and effect、cause and solution、problem and solution。这三小类问题也可以穿起来,即针对某个topic的cause—effect(即problem)– solution。无论哪种题目,写明因果关系很重要。关于因果关系的表达同学们都很熟悉,无非是BS(because / so),而且大家也一定很清楚的知道BS在英语中,用了前者就不能用后者的道理。例如:


Because further education has become more accessible for a wider range of people, an increasing number of people have degrees


Further education has become more accessible for a wider range of people, so an increasing number of people have degrees.


但是除了BS之外,还有很多其它表示因果关系的表达,具体如下:


Because系列(表原因):


1. because of : because后接的是一个句子(主谓宾);because of 后一般直接跟名词。例如:


Because of the increasing number of machine—and as we noted before, machines magnify human effort—then anyone using a machine can


get a higher wage than anyone not using a machine.


2. as / since (除了“因为“外,还有”自从”的意思,使用时要注意避免歧义)


Hours spent on commuting, traffic jams, and fights for parking should diminish, since workers make fewer journeys or work staggered hours


Unfortunately, as the number of people living in the city increases, so do the different problems associated with population growth. (注意此句中的so不表示“所以”,而是“…也…”的意思)


3. thanks to (positive situations 通常适用于结果好的时候)


Thanks to new technology, it's easier than ever to work remotely.


due to (negative situations通常使用与结果不好的时候)


owing to / attributable to /on account of


Due to /… / On account of extreme weather conditions, damage to property occurs.


4. 当原因需要的表达较多时,我们还可以把以上表达改写为原因状语从句,使用thanks to the fact that /due to the fact that /owing to the fact that 或者on the grounds that ,,,


Will we live longer merely due to the fact that / on the grounds that technology, if implemented properly, will take stress away from our lives


5. caused by / result from 也表原因


Many car accidents were resulted from / caused by a lack of guardrails


So系列(表结果):


1. thus/ therefore / thereby / hence


thus: 表示‘in this/that way’


As a country develops, its cities become the engines of development, thus jobs are available in these areas.


therefore: 表示 ‘for this reason’ /‘because of this or that’


Therefore, the influence of the peer group is important both for one’s own competence and for the relative evaluation of the process itself, given that one sees oneself in relation to others.


thereby: by that means, as a result of that


In some countries, reduced budgets have led to the elimination of busing systems, thereby increasing the use of cars and the congestion they create.


hence: 表示 ‘from this/that’


Drinking lots of water is healthy and reducing plastic waste is great for the environment. Hence, trendy reusable water bottles that you can refill yourself are health-promoting, eco-friendly, and green.


2. As a result / As a consequence


As a result, those people who were indoors had much lighter skin, which means that whiter skin is now associated with having a higher status than dark skin.


As a consequence, environmental health must address the societal and environmental factors that increase the likelihood of exposure and disease.


3. consequently /accordingly


Consequently 更偏重因果逻辑;accordingly 更偏重后续解决


Water pollution affects drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. This consequently harms human health and the natural environment.


Some of the laws were contradictory. Accordingly, measures were taken to clarify them.


Cause系列(表结果):


1. cause (v.) 引起


The amount of garbage produced by the people also increases which causes sanitary landfills to fill up faster.


2. lead to/ result in 导致


注意这里是result in, 后跟结果,前面提到的result from后面跟的是原因。


The society’s attitude to food often leads to over-consumption.


3. bring about: to cause to take place 引起,带来(注意使用时更倾向于“带来“这个意思)


The internet technologies that have brought about so much social change were scarcely imaginable just decades before they appeared.


4.spark off 引发、引爆 ,具体指引发比较严重的后果、冲突等(=trigger / activate),或指”点燃“(=inspire)


Spark off a series of problems / a chain of events related to…


They can spark off each other's talents


affect系列(影响到)


1. Affect/influence


More likely than not, getting a vehicle from point "A" to point "B" involves combustion of a fossil fuel, a process that emits gasses and affects the environment and the ozone layer.


People's behavior is influenced by circumstances and events, friends and family, education, job prospects, income, housing and environment.


2.impact on 对…产生影响(impact 一般做名词使用,也可以作为动词


Over the last few decades, there has been a tremendous growth in information technology, which can impact on our everyday life.


3. give rise to 使发生


The decrease inthe number of bicycles and cars might give rise to another new set of problems.


名词系列(因果)


1. cause (of sth.)/ reason 原因


Obesity can be divided into three main causes – diet, lifestyle and education.


Thousands of people migrate to the cities not only for jobs but also for educational and personal reasons.


2. result (for sth.)/ effect 结果


This is a difficult problem with many serious effects on the individual and country.


Another result is lack of self-esteem.


3. causality 因果关系(cause and effect) causation 原因


The correlation between population and housing price does not indicated causality, only the association. 这里的causality也可以换成:causal effect (因果效应)


Such a causality-driven, prevention-focused approach to homicide and other serious crime would revolutionize our conception of criminal justice, moving from the imposition of “just deserts” to the enlightened pursuit of a less violent society.


4. impact/influence 影响


This area is often overlooked but has a tremendous impact on your life


Friends have a big influence on the way that we use social media—from unwritten rules to buying decisions and so much more.


形容词系列(因果)表示因果的形容词不是很常用,使用时多和factor, element 结合


1. causal 原因的,因果的


Low income and elderly are among the potential causal factors of prevalence of obesity among *s


2.consequential 结果的,随之发生的


Measures other than ratings will prove more consequential


3.influential 影响的,有影响力的(大多数情况下使用第二个意思)


Family is the most influential factor on happiness.


雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结的内容小编就说到这里了,更多关于雅思考试报名入口,报名时间,成绩查询,雅思报名费用,准考证打印入口及时间等问题,小编会及时更新。希望各位考生都能进入自己的理想院校。

雅思学校教育英语作文范文

以下是一篇关于学校教育的雅思作文范文:
题目:Somepeoplethinkthatschoolsshouldfocusonteachingacademicsubjects,whileother*elievethatschoolsshouldplacemoreemphasisonteachingpracticalskills.Discus*othviewsandgiveyourownopinion.
范文:
Introduction:Inrecentyears,debateshavearisenregardingtheprimaryfocusofschooleducation.Somearguethatschoolsshouldprioritizeteachingacademicsubjects,whileother*elievethatteachingpracticalskillsshouldtakeprecedence.Inthisessay,Iwilldiscus*othperspectivesandprovidemyownopinion.
Teachingacademicsubjects:Oneargumentinfavorofprioritizingacademicsubjectsisthattheyprovidestudentswithastrongfoundationforfurthereducationandfuturecareerprospects.Academicsubjects,sucha*athematicsandscience,developcriticalthinkingskillsand*yticalabilities,whichareessentialinvariousfieldsofstudy.Moreover,asolidunderstandingofacademicsubjectsoftenservesasaprerequisiteforadmissiontouniversitiesandhighereducationinstitutions.
Teachingpracticalskills:Ontheotherhand,proponentsofpracticalskillsarguethatschoolsshouldplacemoreemphasisonequippingstudentswithskillsthataredirectlyapplicabletotheirdailylivesandfuturecareers.Practicalskills,suchascommunication,problem-solving,andteamwork,areessentialinnavigatingthechallengesoftherealworld.Byfosteringpracticalskills,schoolsnotonlypreparestudentsfortheworkforcebutalsoempowerthemtobecomeindependentandadaptableindividualscapableofnavigatingvariouslifesituations.
personalopinion:Whileacademicsubjectsundoubtedlyplayavitalroleinastudent'seducation,Ibelievethatschoolsshouldstrikeabalanceandprovideopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofbothacademicknowledgeandpracticalskills.Withastrongfoundationinacademicsubjects,studentscanacquirethenecessaryskillsforcriticalthinkingandproblem-solving.However,practicalskillsareequallyimportantinpreparingstudentsfortherealworldandenablingthemtothriveintheirpersonalandprofessionallives.
Conclusion:Inconclusion,thedebateaboutwhetherschoolsshouldfocusprimarilyonteachingacademicsubjectsorpracticalskillscontinuestogeneratediscussion.Whileacademicsubjectslaythegroundworkforadvancededucationandcareeropportunities,practicalskillsarecrucialforstudents'personalandprofessionaldevelopment.Therefore,awell-roundededucationthatencompasse*othacademicknowledgeandpracticalskillsisessentialinpreparingstudentsforfuturesuccess.
这篇范文在介绍部分直截了当地呈现了论题,并在过渡自然的情况下展示了两种观点。随后,论文分别列举了教授学术科目和教授实用技能的理由和重要性,并在第三段中给出了个人观点,主张学校应该注重培养学生的学术知识和实用技能。在结尾部分,论文对观点进行总结,并强调了平衡的重要性。通过清晰的逻辑和结构清晰的写作风格,这篇作文充分展示了作者的观点并对问题进行了深入分析。

以上,就是雅思无忧小编给大家带来的盘点雅思写作限制性因素及解决策略(雅思写作:表因果关系词汇总结)全部内容,希望对大家有所帮助!

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