雅思阅读材料：早睡早起的人不仅健康而且更快乐

People who rise early feel happier and more satisfied with life overall, compared to night owls.

和夜猫子相比，早起鸟更快乐，整体生活的满意度更高。

But the good news for stroppy teenagers is that most people become earlier risers as they age, and this change is also associated with greater feelings of happiness.

对于那些难以控制自己的青少年而言，也有好消息。大部分人随着年龄的增长，会习惯早起，这种变化会让人有更强的幸福感。

Researchers at the University of Toronto asked more than 700 people about their preferred time of day and how healthy and happy they generally feel.

多伦多大学的研究人员询问了700多名人员，问他们最喜欢每天的什么时候，以及他们健康和快乐的程度。

They then compared the responses of the group of younger *s aged 17 to 38 with older people ages 59 to 79.

研究人员接着把17岁到38岁之间青年人的反应与59到79岁之间老年人的反应进行了对比。

Only about seven per cent of young *s are morning larks, while by age 60 most people preferred to be up with the dawn. Just seven per cent of the oldest people in the study described themselves as night owls.

青年人中只有7%的人是“早起鸟”，而到了60岁，大部分人都喜欢在黎明起床。在研究中，只有7%的老年人称自己是“夜猫子”。

'We found that older *s reported greater positive emotion than younger *s, and older *s were more likely to be morning-type people than younger *s,' study researcher Renee Biss from the University of Toronto reportedly told LiveScience. The "morningness" was associated with greater happiness emotions in both age groups.

据报道，多伦多大学的研究人员芮妮-比什对生活科学网表示，“我们发现老年人的积极情绪比青年人要多。和青年人相比，老年人是‘早起鸟’的可能性更大。在两个年龄组中，‘早起鸟’更开心。”

Morning types also tended to report that they felt healthier than the late risers, according to the study that published in the journal Emotion. The researchers said that this apparent health benefit could come from the extra sleep they would enjoy, as their sleeping schedule would fit with society’s expectations of rising early for work.

根据发表在《情感》期刊上的研究，“早起鸟”也倾向于说自己比“夜猫子”要健康。研究人员说，这种明显的健康益处可能来自于“早起鸟”额外的睡眠，因为他们的睡眠时间表能适应社会所期望的早起工作。

This extra sleep could not only make them feel more alert, but may also boost their immune system.

额外的睡眠不仅会让他们更加清醒，而且还能提升他们的免疫系统。

‘Evening people may be more prone to social jetlag; this means that their biological clock is out of sync with the social clock,' Ms Biss said. 'Society's expectations are far more organized around a morning-type person's schedule.'

“‘夜猫子’则更容易面临社交时差;也就是说他们的生物钟和社会时钟脱节了，” 比什女士说。“社会预期更多的是围绕着‘早起鸟’的日程安排。”

‘An evening person may go through their week feeling unhappy because they have to get up earlier than they would like to.’ But Ms Biss said there was hope for night owls as it was possible for them to turn themselves into morning people.

“‘夜猫子’在工作时可能会觉得不开心，因为他们不得不早起。” 但是比什女士说， “夜猫子”也可以变成“早起鸟”。

‘One way to do it is to increase your natural light exposure early in the morning, and to wake up earlier and go to bed earlier,’ she said. ‘It's easiest if you have a consistent schedule, to make sure you are waking up at the same time every day.’

‘其中一种方法是，增加早晨自然光线照射的时间，早睡早起。”她说。“如果你的作息时间比较规律，这是最容易不过的了，这样你每天都能在同一时刻醒来。”

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