雅思阅读：剑桥雅思长难句分析(三)

1. As audiences grew, so did the places where films were shown, finishing up with the ‘great picture palaces’ of the 1920s, which rivaled, and occasionally superseded, theatres and opera-houses in terms of opulence and splendour.(剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句的主句为倒装句“so did the places”; “As audiences grew”为as引导的时间状语从句;“where films were shown”为定语从句，做places的定语，关系词为where; “finishing up with the ‘great picture palaces’ of the 1920s”为现在分词短语做伴随状语;“which rivaled, and occasionally superseded, theatres and opera-houses in terms of opulence and splendour.”为非限制性定语从句，关系词为which。

2. It was above all the French, followed by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia.(剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句的主句为“It was above all the French”; “followed by the Americans.”为过去分词短语做定语;“who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention”为非限制性定语从句，做French的定语，关系词为who; “helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia”为现在分词短语做定语。

3. In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.(剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句主句为强调句式“it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead”; “though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part”为though引导的让步状语从句。

4. The rest of the world survived partly by learning from Hollywood and partly because audiences continued to exist for a product which corresponded to needs which Hollywood could not supply.(剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句的主句为“The rest of the world survived”; “because audiences continued to exist for a product”为because引导的原因状语从句;“which corresponded to needs ”为定语从句，做product的定语，关系词为which; “which Hollywood could not supply”为定语从句，做needs的定语，关系词为which。

5. As well as popular audiences, there were also increasing audiences for films which were artistically more adventurous or which dealt with the issues in the outer world. (剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句的主句为“there were also increasing audiences for films”, “which were artistically more adventurous”和“which dealt with the issues in the outer world”为并列句，由or连接，都为定语从句做films的定语，关系词都为which.

6. They turned their back on the past, leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the émigrés who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.(剑4, General Training Test A section 3)

分析：本句中“They turned their back on the past”为主句;“leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the émigrés”为现在分词短语做状语;“who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.”为定语从句，做the émigrés的定语，关系词为who。

7. Taree offers the Veterinary Assistant program and has introduced ‘Agristudy’, which enables students to learn flexibly and by correspondence, using a mixture of student learning guides, telephone tuorials, information sessions and workshops. (剑4, General Training Test B section2)

分析：本句主句为“Taree offers the Veterinary Assistant program and has introduced ‘Agristudy’”, “which enables students to learn flexibly and by correspondence, using a mixture of student learning guides, telephone tuorials, information sessions and workshops”为定语从句，做‘Agristudy’的定语，关系词为which。

8. For his astonishing achievements he was awarded the Nobel Prize and it is from his work that most of today’s knowledge of what bees say to each other derives. (剑4, General Training Test B section3)

分析：本句为并列句，“For his astonishing achievements he was awarded the Nobel Prize”和“it is from his work that most of today’s knowledge of what bees say to each other derives”并列，由and连接，并且“it is from his work that most of today’s knowledge of what bees say to each other derives”为强调句式;“what bees say to each other”为what引导的宾语从句，做of的宾语。

9. Von Frisch knew from experiments by an earlier researcher that if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it but, once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup.(剑4, General Training Test B section3)

分析：本句的主句为“Von Frisch knew from experiments by an earlier researcher that…”; “that if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it but, once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup”为that引导的宾语从句，做knew的宾语;句子“if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it”和句子“once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup”并列，由but连接;句子“if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it”中的“if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup”为if引导的条件状语从句;句子“once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup”中的“once they had done so”为once引导的时间状语从句。

10. In the first type, a returning scout scampered in circle, alternating to right and left, stopping occasionally to regurgitate food samples to the excited bees chasing after her.(剑4, General Training Test B section3)

分析：本句主句为“a returning scout scampered in circle”; “alternating to right and left”和“stopping occasionally to regurgitate food samples to the excited bees chasing after her”均为现在分词短语做伴随状语，引导词省略;“chasing after her”为现在分词短语做定语，做bees的定语。

11. In the third, distinctly different dance, she started by running a short distance in a straight line, waggling her body from side to side, and returning in a semi-circle to the starting point before repeating the process.(剑4, General Training Test B section3)

分析：本句的主句为“she started by running a short distance in a straight line”; “waggling her body from side to side”和“returning in a semi-circle to the starting point”并列，都为现在分词短语做伴随状语;“before repeating the process”为before引导的现在分词短语做时间状语。

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（编辑：秦洁）