雅思复习资料9复习资料+解析-Test3阅读Passage3

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今天 为各位雅思考生带来 复习资料+解析-Test3阅读Passage3 ，希望可以帮助广大雅思考生轻松 。

考题精解

Questions 27-32

题型：段落信息配对题MATCHING
解析：此题工作量大，费时多，解题时不建议此类题。在读题过程中把每一个信息句中的主要名词标注出来，到文章每一段中仔细地搜寻。

27.

定位词 / 关键词	explanation of the factors, tran*ission of information
原文定位	D段四句This rate depends on the relative strengths of the signal and noise travelling down the communication channel, and on its capacity (its 'bandwidth').
题解	文章中的communication channel就是信息传递的通道，而relative strengths of the signal and noise就是会影响传递效果的因素，即factors。
答案	D

28.

定位词 / 关键词	example, unnecessary information, omitted
原文定位	F段、二句Shannon also laid the foundations of more efficient ways of storing information, by stripping out superfluous (‘redundant’）bits from data which contributed little real information. As mobile phone text messages like ‘I CN C U’ show, it is often possible to leave out a lot of data without losing much meaning.
题解	superfluous bits和contributed little real information都是指unnecessary information；而*短信的例子对应了题目中的example；leave out替换了题目中的omitted。
答案	F

29.

定位词 / 关键词	Shannon's attitude, fame
原文定位	B段四句While at Bell Laboratories, Shannon developed information theory, I but shunned the resulting acclaim.
题解	shunned the resulting acclaim意为“回避了后的称赞”，也就是说他对于名誉的态度很淡薄。
答案	B

30.

定位词 / 关键词	details of a machine, interpreting incomplete information
原文定位	E段三句Other codes have become part of everyday life — such as the Universal Product Code, or bar code, which uses a simple error-detecting system that ensures supermarket check-out lasers can read the price even on, say, a crumpled bag of crisps.
题解	details of a machine就是此句中超市用的镭射扫描器，而incomplete information就是举例中的破碎的薯片袋子，也就是说即便袋子破损，条形码依旧可以被准确读出。
答案	A

31.

定位词 / 关键词	detailed account of an incident
原文定位	A段—句In April 2002 an event took place which demonstrated one of the many applications of information theory. The space probe, Voyager I, launched in 1977 ...
题解	此段开头句就直接指明2002年4月发生的事件展示了信息理论的应用，后面又详细地介绍了这一事件的过程。
答案	A

32.

定位词 / 关键词	what Shannon initially intended to achieve
原文定位	C段、二句This all seems light years away from the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work, which began when he was a 22-year-old graduate engineering student at the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939. He set out with an apparently simple aim: to pin down the precise meaning of the concept of ‘information’.
题解	文中the ... uses Shannon originally had for his work 同义替换了题目中的Shannon initially intended to achieve。下一句话解释了他初的目的是想确定信息概念的精准信息。
答案	C

Questions 33-37

题型：句子填空题SENTENCE COMPLETION
解析：此题是按正序排列的。在每个句子中寻找名词，在文章中锁定位置，然后通过判断空格的词性来选择单词。注意，此题限制字数。

33&34.

定位词 / 关键词	probe, pictures, left
原文定位	A段二句The space probe, Voyager I，launched in 1977, had sent back spectacular images of Jupiter and Saturn and then soared out of the Solar System on a one-way mission to the stars.
题解	原文中的images是题目中pictures的替换，再利用of和both ... and ... 的关系可以确定33题的答案。而原文中的soared out of是题目中left 的同义替换，因此其宾语是34题的答案。
答案	Jupiter, Saturn; Solar System

35.

定位词 / 关键词	stop working
原文定位	A段四句Sensor and circuits were on the brink of failing and NASA experts realised that they had to do something or lose contact with their probe forever.
题解	原文中的on the brink of failing是濒临失去作用的边缘，也就是题目中stop working的同义替换，通过both ... and ... 的关系可以确定答案。
答案	sensors, circuits

36.

定位词 / 关键词	replace them with
原文定位	A 段五句 The solution was to get a message to Voyager I to instruct it to use spares to change the failing parts.
题解	use sth. to change就是replace的意思。可以把原文中的spares看作A，failing parts看作B，那么原文中就是use A to change B，替换成replace 就是replace B with A，那么A就是答案，即spares。
答案	spares

37.

定位词 / 关键词	speed of light
原文定位	A 段倒数二、三句By means of a radio dish belonging to NASA’s Deep Space Network, the message was sent out into the depths of space. Even travelling at the speed of light, it took over 11 hours to reach its target, far beyond the orbit of Pluto.
题解	原文中speed of light所在的句子的逻辑主语是后面的it，而这里的it 是指前一句中的方式，也就是means of a radio dish。
答案	radio dish

Questions 38-40

题型：判断题 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN
解析：判断题一般都是顺序的，确定了道题的原文定位后，可以向后查找其他题目的答案。特殊情况下会有两道题出自于同一句话的现象。有些题目选NOT GIVEN是因为在文章中无法定位。

38.

定位词 / 关键词	describing something as true or false, starting point for Shannon
原文定位	C 段至三句This all seems light years away from the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work ... He set out with an apparently simple aim: to pin down the precise meaning of the concept of ‘information’. The most basic form of information, Shannon argued, is whether something is true or false ...
题解	the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work 就是题目中的 starting point for Shannon。而他初的目的在下面两句话中进行了详细的解释，即追求precise meaning，信息的基本形式就是对与错。
答案	TRUE

39.

定位词 / 关键词	a given time period, signal strength and noise level
原文定位	D段倒数二句The resulting limit, given in units of bits per second, is the absolute maximum rate of error-free communication given signal strength and noise level.
题解	signal strength and noise level是可以在原文中原形定位的，而given time period被替换成了limit, given in units of bits per second。
答案	TRUE

40.

定位词 / 关键词	products, more information than Shannon had anticipated
原文定位	E 段后一句As recently as 1993, engineers made a major breakthrough by discovering so-called turbo codes—which come very close to Shannon’s ultimate limit for the maximum rate that data can be tran*itted reliably, and now play a key role in the mobile videophone revolution.
题解	Products have now been developed同义替换a major breakthrough by discovering so-called turbo codes，Shannon had anticipated as possible 同义替换 Shannon's ultimate limit for the maximum rate，原文说turbo codes非常接近（come very close to）Shannon对大速率计算的终值，而题目说的是其可以传递比Shannon的预期更多的信息。
答案	FALSE

阅读难句解析

1.  This all seems light years away from the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work, which began when he was a 22-year-old graduate engineering student at the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939.
解析：此句含有两个定语从句和一个时间状语从句。个定语从句Shannon originally had for his work的先行词为uses，而引导词that由于在从句中作宾语成分被省略了。二个定语从句为非限制性定语从句，其先行词并不是which前面的his work，而是the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work整个部分。
参考翻译：这似乎和Shannon初的想法相去甚远，早在1939年，当他还是一名麻省理工工程专业22岁的研究生的时候，他就已经有了这种想法。

2.  Other codes have become part of everyday life—such as the Universal Product Code, or bar code, which uses a simple error-detecting system that ensures supermarket check-out lasers can read the price even on, say, a crumpled bag of crisps.
解析：此句出现了定语从句中包含定语从句的现象。个由which引导的定语从句先行词是bar code，而二个由that引导的定语从句先行词是error-detecting system。本句中的say等同于for example。
参考翻译：其他代码已经成为我们日常生活中的一部分，例如通用产品代码或条形码，就是使用了简单的错误探测体系来确计划超市的镭射扫描器能够读出商品价格，即便是在一个破碎的薯片袋子上。

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