雅思复习资料9复习资料+解析-Test2阅读Passage3

雅思复习资料阅读复习资料答案：

考题精解

Questions 27-31

题型：单选题 MULTIPLE CHOICE
解析：该题型是雅思阅读中中学生熟悉的一种题型，在近的两年考中，也是出现频率相对较多的一种。在通常情况下，该题型属于顺序题型方向，主要考查学生的快速定位能力和综合理解能力。该题型难度系数有逐年增加的趋势。

27.

定位词 / 关键词	neuroeconomics, a field of study, seeks to
原文定位	段三句These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from compe*s.
题解	neuroeconomics和field两个定位词都是原词重现，neuroeconomics在原文还体现为斜体字，因此在原文中很好定位。which引导定语从句，从句的内容很好地解释说明了神经经济学的研究域，即：经济环境下人脑的秘密，而这种环境需要人们有所新并能够以和竞争对手不同的方式做事。C选项中的competitive fields是对原文中compe*s 的替换。
答案	C

28.

定位词 / 关键词	iconoclasts, distinctive
原文定位	二段句This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence.
题解	iconoclasts是原词重现，distinctive是对原文中different from的同义替换，所以很容易定位。原文中的it is their brains that are different和B 项的含义表达一致。
答案	B

29.

定位词 / 关键词	the brain works efficiently
原文定位	三段四句和五句For example, when confronted with information streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it will draw on both past experience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to make sense of what it is seeing.
题解	题干中的 the brain works efficiently是对原文中the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible 的语义替换，再结合五句中的信息，可知D项中的previous events是对past experience的替换。
答案	D

30.

定位词 / 关键词	perception
原文定位	三段后一句More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is a product of the brain.
题解	此题考查perception一词的定义，而在三段后一句中我们明显看到了下定义手法（perception is），而且原文中product明显与C选项中的result为同义替换关系。
答案	C

31.

定位词 / 关键词	iconoclastic thinker
原文定位	四段二句和三句Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person’s brain.
题解	关键词iconoclastic thinker与原文中的iconoclasts是对应关系，pitfalls表示“陷阱”，这与B选项中的traps是同义替换关系。因此，此题在考查学生的词汇量，题目有点难。
答案	B

Questions 32-37

题型：判断题 YES/NO/NOT GIVEN
解析：该题型是雅思阅读中的常考试题型，通常可以归为顺序题型，多考查原文细节，难度系数中等偏上。

32.

定位词 / 关键词	exposure to different events, think differently
原文定位	五段句The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before.
题解	题干中的think differently和原文中的see things differently是同义替换，exposure to different events 与bombard the brain with things语义一致。
答案	YES

33.

定位词 / 关键词	iconoclasts, receptive to new experiences
原文定位	五段后—句话Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while most people avoid things that are different.
题解	iconoclasts是原文原词，new experiences同义替换原文中的novelty，receptive同义替换原文中的embrace。此题重在考查学生的词汇量和语义转换的能力。
答案	YES

34.

定位词 / 关键词	most people, too shy to try different things
原文定位	六段五句 But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-third of the population.
题解	原文只有六段中提到了人数，即三分之一的人口。但是，该句的上下文并没有提及人们羞于尝新事物。
答案	NOT GIVEN

35.

定位词 / 关键词	iconoclastic, overcome fear
原文定位	六段二句Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks.
题解	fear是该区域的高频词，所以很容易定位。原文该处的意思是讲，即使是iconoclast这样的人，也很容易被恐惧所影响 ，所以题目与原文之间是有矛盾的。
答案	NO

36.

定位词 / 关键词	embarras*ent, fears
原文定位	六段三句There are many types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal with are fear of uncertainty and i fear of public ridicule.
题解	fear这个单词在六段中是高频词汇，但是六段中并没有提及embarras*ent 和 other fears之间的关系。
答案	NOT GIVEN

37.

定位词 / 关键词	fear of public speaking, psychological illness
原文定位	六段五、六、七句But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-third of the population. This makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature, one which iconoclasts do not let inhibit their reactions.
题解	fear of public speaking是原文原词，六句中的too common to be considered a mental disorder中有一个too … to ... 句型，表示否定含义，其中的mental disorder对应题干中的psychological illness，七句进一步解释了fear of public speaking仅仅是人性的一种表现形式，而不是心理疾病。
答案	NO

Questions 38—40

题型：句子配对题MATCHING
解析：该题型是雅思阅读中迷惑性强的题型，也是一种纯粹的技巧性题型，因为它有着特的解题双重顺序性特征。
38.

定位词 / 关键词	successful iconoclast
原文定位	七段句和二句Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where social intelligence come in.
题解	关键词successful iconoclast为原词重现，A选项中的关键词social intelligence也是原文原词。答案比较容易识别。
答案	A

39.

定位词 / 关键词	social brain, iconoclasts
原文定位	七段四句In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making.
题解	关键词social brain为原文原词，可以快速定位。B选项中的关键词groups decide on an action是对原文groups coordinate decision making 的同义转换。
答案	B

40.

定位词 / 关键词	iconoclasts, asset
原文定位	八段句Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business.以及四句Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization.
题解	关键词iconoclasts和asset在四句中是原词重现，为什么iconoclasts对公司来说是一种财富呢？答案在句中可以找到。 C选项中的artistic是句中的原文原词，scientific是对technology的语义替换。
答案	C

阅读难句解析

1.  These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain's secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from compe*s.
解析：These discoveries have led to the field是句子的主干；known as是过去分词短语作定语，修饰field；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词neuroeconomics ；that引导定语从句，修饰environment,，从句中的谓语demand后接了两个并列的宾语：名词innovation和动名词短语being able to do things differently from compe*s。
参考翻译： 这些发现开启了名为神经经济学的域，它所研究的是经济环境下人脑的秘密，而这种环境需要人们有所新并能够以和竞争对手不同的方式做事。

2.  In the last decade there has been an explosion of knowledge about social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making.
解析：there has been an explosion of knowledge是句子的主干；in the last decade是介词短语作时间状语；介词about后接了social brain和how the brain works两个并列宾语成分；when引导时间状语从句。
参考翻译： 在过去的十年里，有关社会脑以及群体协调决策时大脑的工作原理方面的知识暴增。