雅思阅读填空题的难点分析

上海名师曾丽娟发现考生经常会发现摘要填空题很容易失分。重要的原因在于题目和原文之间发生了较大的转换，所以导致答案前置，而信号词后置。考生一不留神，就出现漏听的现象。下面，上海就借鉴剑桥复习资料来分析一下，可能会出现答案转换的几种情况。

1. 介词短语结构：如果在空格前看到有介词，往往会发生句型转换，比如：

A +prep(of, for, about, in ,on, from)+ B —— B A/ B ’s A
C6T4S2Q15
（代表剑6test4 section2 question15,下同）
题目：Will explain about arrangement for_____ and fire exits.
原文：He will also go through the security arrangement with you and show you the fire exits.
题目里面看到的是arrangement for_____，原文说的是 security arrangement 。


B ． 空格前是形容词或者名词修饰的偏正结构，修饰成分会转变为后置的分词或者从句，比如：
adj/ N + _____ —— ______ + 分词 / 从句
C8T1S4Q35
题目：geography helps us to understand our surroundings and the associated ______
原文：without geography , we would know very little about our surroundings and we wouldn’t be able to identify all the problems that relate to them.
题目是associated ______，原文是problems that relate to them，正确答案填problems,题目中的修饰成分associated变成了后置从句that relate to

C6T2S3Q21
题目: read IT_____
原文: look through catalogues specialized in IT.
原文先讲了答案catalogues,然后把前面的修饰名词IT变成了后置分词定语specialized in IT.。

3. 因果结构。题目说A因为(because of ,due to ,owe to)B，原文说B导致了（lead to ,cause, bring about）B

题目： huge pressure was due to ______
原文： population shift led to huge environmental pressure.

4. 主被动结构。题目用被动语态，原文还原为主动语态，比如：

题目: the passengers were rescued by_____
原文: a lot of boats and pleasurecrafts were able to come to rescue the boys.

5. 双宾结构。人宾和物宾交换。

题目：Publishers send booksellers ______
原文：Publishers send inspection copies to book retailers.

6. 从句结构。尤其是时间和状语从句中划空，很有可能会提到句先说。

题目: research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a ____ occurs.
原文: the research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisis to make them think about their future financial situation.
题目：it’s best for women to start thinking about pensions when they are in their _____
原文：Even women in their early twenties , need to think about pensions.

G 主谓宾结构。主语和宾语位置互换。
C6T2S2Q11-12
题目: Local services depart from _____ railway station
National services depart from _____ railway station
原文：F : we’ve got two main train stations in the town, the king street is for local commute lines and regional services.
M: what about train to London? I’ll need to go there on business for one day.
F: then you need to go to central station, that’s for all the national services.

通过以上的例题分析，大不难发现，只要审题稍加留意，就可以预测到考官意图进行的句式转换，从而大幅提高得分率。