口语真题素材雅思答案高中 雅思口语 求高手给素材

JUDGE'S PLEDGE

THE JUDGE'S PLEDGE
As a member of the judiciary who desires to improve relations among
counsel and between the Bench and the Bar, I pledge as follows:
To be courteous, respectful and civil to the attorneys, parties, and
witnesses who appear before the court;
To exercise my authority to ensure that all the attorneys, parties, and
witnesses conduct themselves in a civil manner;
To refrain from any conduct or statement which discriminates on the basis
of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation or other personal
characteristic of attorneys, parties, or witnesses;
To instruct all court personnel to act civilly toward attorneys, parties,
and witnesses;
To refrain from the use of abusive, demeaning or humiliating language and
opinions in oral or written communication with attorneys, parties, and
witnesses;
To be punctual in covering all hearings, meetings, and conferences;
To give full consideration to the papers and arguments presented by
counsel
To make a reasonable effort to decide promptly all matters presented for
decision;
To be aware of the time restraints and pressures imposed upon attorneys by
the exigencies of litigation practice, while nevertheless endeavoring to
resolve disputes efficiently;
To make every effort to adhere to the statutes and court rules which are
intended to establish uniformity among all of the courts;
To consider the legitimate calendaring conflicts of attorneys, parties,
and witnesses in the administration of those matters before the court;
To avoid conduct which would give an appearance of favoriti* to any
particular counsel or party;
To be mindful that the court is the servant of the people and its purpose
is the administration of justice.

法官的保证
作为法官队伍中的一名希望改善律师之间的关系以及法官与律师之间的关系的成员，本文作出如下保证：
对出庭或到庭的律师、当事人以及证人礼貌、尊重、文明；
行使本人的职权以保证所有的律师、当事人以及证人以文明方式行事；
避免任何歧视律师、当事人或者证人的种族、宗教、性别、性取向、或其他个人特征的行为或语言；
指示所有法院人员以文明方式对待律师、当事人以及证人；
在与律师、当事人以及证人的口头或书面交流中避免辱骂性的、贬损性的或羞辱性的语言或意见；
准时进行所有的聆审和会议；
充分考虑律师呈交的所有文件和做出的所有辩论；
做出合理努力以迅速地对所有待决事项做出决定；
考虑到诉讼实践给律师带来的时间限制和压力，但是仍然努力有效地解决争端；
尽力遵守旨在使所有法院统一的制定法和法院规则；
在处理法院事务是考虑律师、当事人以及证人的合理的时间冲突；
避免任何对某个律师或当事人由偏袒迹象的行为；
谨记法院是人民的公仆，其目的是维护正义。

Judges

Fewer than one in twenty of those admitted to practice law is a federal, state, county, or municipal court judge. Except for some inferior courts, judges are generally required to be admitted to practice but do not practice while on the bench. There is so little uniformity that it is difficult to generalize further than to point out three salient characteristics that relate to the ranks from which judges are drawn, to the method of their selection, and to their tenure.

Judges are drawn from the practicing bar and less frequently from government service or the teaching profession. There is in the United States no career judiciary like that found in many other countries and there is no prescribed route for the young law graduate who aspires to be a judge, no apprenticeship that must be served, no service that must be entered. The outstanding young law graduates who act for a year or two as law clerks to the most distinguished judges of the federal and state courts have only the reward of the experience to take with them into practice and not the promise of a judicial career. While it is not uncommon for a vacancy on a higher court to be filled by a judge from a lower court, even this cannot be said to be the rule. The legal profession is not entirely unaware of the advantages of a career judiciary, but it is generally thought that they are outweighed by the experience and independence which American lawyers bring to the bench. Many of the outstanding judges of the country�s highest courts have had no prior judicial experience. Critici* has centered instead on the prevalent method of selection of judges.

State court judges are usually elected, commonly by popular vote, but occassionally by the legislature. Popular election has been the subject of much disapproval, including that of the American Bar Association, on the ground that the public lacks interest in and information on candidates for judicial office and that therefore the outcome is too often controlled by leaders of political parties. The situation has been somewhat improved since many local bar associations have undertaken to evaluate the qualifications of candidates and to support or oppose them on this basis.

Since 1937, the American Bar Association has advocated the substitution of a system under which the governor appoints judges from a list submitted by a special nominating board and the judge then periodically stands unopposed for reelection by popular vote on the basis of his or her record. Such a system is now in effect, for at least some judges, in a substantial minority of states. In a *all group of states, judges are appointed by the governor subject to legislative confirmation.

This is also the method of selection of federal judges, who are appointed by the President subject to confirmation by the Senate. Even under the appointive system the selection of judges is not immune from political influence and appointees are usually of the President�s or governor�s own party. But names of candidates for the federal judiciary are submitted to a committee of the American Bar Association and appointment is usually made only with its approval. The office of chief judge or chief justice is usually filled in the same manner as other judicial offices, although in some states it is filled from among the members of the court by rotation, by seniority of service, or by vote of the judges. The Chief Justice of the United States is appointed by the President, subject to Senate confirmation.

The third characteristic is that judges commonly serve for a term of years rather than for life. For courts of general jurisdiction it is typically four, six, or eight years, and for appellate courts, six, eight, or ten years. Happily, even where selection is by popular election, it is customary to return to office for sitting judges whose service has been satisfactory. In a few state courts and in the federal courts the judges sit for life. Whether on the bench for a term of years or for life, a judge may be removed from office only for gross misconduct and only by formal proceedings. Instances of removal have been rare indeed and only a handful of federal judges have been removed by formal proceedings. The independence of the judiciary is also encouraged by the rule that a judge incurs no civil liability for judicial acts, even if guilty of fraud and corruption. The American Bar Association�s Code of Judicial Conduct has been widely adopted as a standard to which judges are expected to adhere. Salaries for the higher judicial offices are usually good although less than the income of a successful private practitioner, the prestige of these offices is high, and the bench has been able to attract many of the country�s ablest legal minds. The great names in American law are in large part the names of its great judges.

TEAMWORK

郁闷啊~ 知道我是怎么看的你在这儿的提问吗？因为我现在也是火烧眉毛啊。万恶的雅思啊！是啊~想死的心都有啊！！！我想说你现在的情况和我去年一模一样啊。我是去年读完高二退学直接报的雅思班，哪儿像你还外教1VS1啊、我报了一个环球雅思3人的VIP小班我都心疼我的人民币啊！我刚听完听力...表示各种打击,就在这儿和你聊聊吧...
去年我是怎么一个水平呢,雅思口语完全就是哑巴型口语,上了几天课后还是不见起色,当时口语老师(中国人)提问的时候,其他两个同学都答的挺好的,每次一问到我,就大眼瞪小眼儿升历迅了...而且是大脑一片空白,都不像你能和外教都交流.当时真的感觉很难受.没想到自己会那么差劲,上课的时候看着那两个同学说的那么好,我直接爬在桌子上哭了... 我想说我从来都不哭的. 就为一个口语着急的就丢人了.哎...
听力啊...就更没法说了.我的弱项啊....到现在也还是我的弱项.可以说一个月之前我都是你这样的水平,Section1只对3个...至于现在,练了半个多月吧,差不多S1能保证至少对一半儿了.而且S1全能听懂,只是在一些数字什么最简单的会出错,还是缺乏锻炼吧.我想再练半个月一定得保证S1至少对8个.我现在都在英国了,来了一个多月了,现在上的语言课.想说来了就顶多对适应环境,英国的生活.虽然听力口语什么的有帮助也是和雅思不沾边啊...这个是最让我无语的地方.而且我前一段时间和学校管理员调课调到了雅思班,,,上了两天后我直接换班了...这个雅思课上的简直就是逼你自杀...和国内一点都不一样.首先全英文授课,而且老师不把你当国际生哎.说的超快,放的雅思听力不知道在哪儿整的变态题...完全打击信心.阅读更是让你脑袋都感觉要炸了.超级烂的课...我上不下去直接又转到general English 那个班了。
还说说这个听力吧。现在英国是快下午7点了，前几天的现在我还在拼命的做剑桥的精听。但是自从我昨天吵此看完王陆的微薄...我简直哭笑不得,想哭是因为我辛苦练了大半个月的听力竟然用的是错误的方法...也是所有人推荐的精听...我是听一句写一句,听一句按好几次暂停...现在想想太可笑了,那还不就相当于听单词吗,把一个句子都全分解了...可是没办法啊...听不懂啊...伤不起啊...崩溃~~
想笑吧,是因为我实在被打击的心看我lulu的微薄又重振旗鼓了.之前上过她的口语课,没上过那个4天的听力高分班...现在悔的肠子都青了!!!真的,她的方法所有人都说有效!!!她的微薄里面有那么多大神都是短时间突破,有几个是4.5分练一个月之间奔6分或者6.5...还有一个是5.5分按照lulu的方法练10天之间蹦到7.5啊...我简直膜拜了这些人了...但是他们都说这是事实,她那魔鬼训练真的有奇效...不过确实这个过程比较痛苦哎...但是回想这几天我拼命的练...确没有那么大的突破,原因就是没找对方法.我6月14号和30号在英国考雅思...不怕你笑话,我是来读英国的高中的...我前几天去面试了两所学校,有一个学校我特别喜欢,我已经通过面试了...(哈哈...英文烂照样通过面试...各种技巧啊...我想想都想笑...校长肯定觉得我水平还蛮好的...哈哈...)校长要求我只要雅思难道总分6分的成绩单就给我CAS和Offer了。所以我现在火烧眉毛每天这个拼啊。。。
说说你和我都愁的这个听力。我保证你的问题和我的一样。词汇量的问题。如果你有一定的词汇量，不可能第一部分就听的出来3个。我当时刚学雅思觉得第一部分也完全就是讲天书...一点都听不懂...除了Good morning。。。哈哈。。。真的，一点都不骗你。现在几乎第一部分没一句都能听懂了，也和我说了半个月的精听有关系吧,虽然那个方法不对,但是付出了100%的努力只有10%的回报...效率极低...还有就是全能听懂为什么就能保证对一半呢？原因就是拼写的问题。。。听是听懂了但是对词汇不敏感，还有对数字反应比较慢...郁闷...所以我下一部计划就准备找两天专门突击数字类的问题.
我刚刚上网麻烦了国内的朋友...让他给我用*拍王陆老师的听力语料库...再给我发来...哎...伤不起啊...我来英国只带了一本807的听力词汇...不过也有用...全是分类场景...我听了半个月,,.本来坐公交去烂孝学校的改成走路...就是为了听那本书的词汇.现在不能说全掌握了至少对3/4都熟悉了.听写完807词汇,我做剑桥的时候发现很多次都是807里面的但是我还写不下来,就是还没有熟练吧.所有人都推荐lulu的语料库,我这不火烧眉毛的上网麻烦我国内的朋友大半夜的给我发.....明天他还得给我一篇一篇的拍下来啊.....哎...你说考不过对不起多少人啊!!!纠结的要死...
我也考过两次雅思了.怎么说,第一次就是上万VIP班以后...由于不自觉...玩了一个月后去考的雅思...除了写作5.5其它都是5分...那天运气太好了...写作我考前一晚上看了一篇文章刚好第二天就那类型的....我直接很顺畅的就写完了....不得不说运气好啊...听力在那次考试之前我自己练剑桥的时候从来上不了5分...每次就只有4....4.5 的样子...那天也不知道怎么发挥到了极致...总之雅思这个东西有很大的运气成分的...再一个是我第二次雅思...哎...不好意思说了...第一次考过以后...就不碰雅思了...各种玩....第二次直接除了阅读是5.5....其他都是4.5.... 我记得我那个时候经常很骄傲的和朋友说我从来不刻意去抱着本词汇书背单词...现在想想真可笑哎..... 真的...没有单词,没有词汇量.... 其他的都想都别想.... 靠技巧吃不了饭的.... 完全建立在一个很好的词汇基础上结合技巧才有作用...否则再怎么样也是天方夜谭... 我啊...现在各种词汇啊....
讨厌死了这种被动的学习......考完雅思了我一定变得主动一点,我一定坚持每天看报纸...每天听BBC...否则每次能被雅思整死.....这样每天硬塞给自己这么多东西难受死了....
看你说的好像你也没有急着要出国的.不知道你是什么时候呢.反正我觉得吧...你会有那么一天像我这样被逼无奈...每天睁眼雅思闭眼雅思的....除非你上一般般的学校对你雅思成绩要求不高...话说回来既然决定出国就得读个好学校吧....额...读好学校就得有个好雅思成绩吧....好吧....不说了...还归结到雅思了......
你也别太发愁了... 我现在是没有充足的时间了...所以比较急...想想之前学的时候也轻松...学完考完更轻松,...简直都不像个学生似的....每天吃了喝,喝了睡.醒了玩的.....就那么在玩了那么久....现在火烧眉毛了......哎...伤不起......这个毛病得改...
如果你时间很充足的话...建议你花一个月先专门记听力词汇,就推荐你王陆的807,一个月全吃透那本书很轻松的...我是用半个月熟悉了的,但是还不熟练...所以现在还要练.口语你听不懂考官的提问就是归结到你听力不好了... 我记得我第一次考口语扔给考官的Pardon就够6个.....哈哈...不是说最多可以说2,3个么....我都翻倍了.... 词汇是听力的基础. 相信我没错的... 你现在不记听力词汇就逼自己听那么难的听力只能让自己抓狂,只能打击自己...所以建议你还是先掌握词汇吧... 我*的807...你*的话*王陆的听力语料库吧,那个是新版的,比807全面一点,又加了很多方法,大小写了,双拼写了还有数字的练习. 对了,还没和你说lulu老师的魔鬼训练具体怎么一回事...哈哈.反正她博客上有人都传了照片...手都听写单词听写到肿了...还有一个同学直接一句话差点把我笑喷了...原话是这样的：听lulu的真题语料库得吃早餐啊，我日啊，没差点扑倒在草稿纸前！太费力了！脑力手力都需要！ 。。。哈哈。。。我昨晚看到的。才发现原来都是这么过来的。。。额。。。进入正题，lulu的魔鬼训练： 2021版语料库6,7,9章横向3遍听写，达到准确率100%为止数字不好的第2章狂练+魔鬼跟读（这个是lulu选的一篇剑1还是剑2的一个S4的一篇带有口音又说的超级快的文章，让每天照着文本跟读，坚持久了你听听力的时候会觉得原来正常的听力这么慢这么好啊。。。这都是他们的经验说的。。。）+点式、复数听写法。就这三种方法结合。看起来简单明了，其实是浩大的工程啊！！！重在坚持！！！所以吧，雅思吧，你不玩它它会玩死你的！！！我现在就被它玩的团团转！！！所以我发誓！总有一天我要玩死它！！！
！
好吧。。。和你边说也就相当于我发泄了。也给你点方法建议。加油吧！我继续整雅思了啊。。。迎接半个月后的考试啊~~ 我都让国内的朋友给我烧高香了，保佑他们高考顺利的同时捎带的保佑我顺利通过雅思啊~~ 6分啊~~~~

Bless u ~~ Bless me ~~ ∩_∩

链接:

提取码: 1u4j

雅思口语是指雅思口语的考试过程，考试的时候，考官最想听到的是你个人的独到亩森见解，同时对于中国考生迅局亩来说，性别的用语要多注腊配意。由于中西的文化不同会产生很大语言上的差异，所以雅思口语有一些备考技巧，比如每天操练一些基本语言、用英文简单界定一个东西、学会使用重要的英国习语等。

其一，面对很多话题，同学们只能说出寥寥数语，而且绝大多数同学所说的内容基本雷同。如a famous animal in China，中国学生的标准答案就是panda，而且关于panda，同学们除了说出It has white body and black eyes或者It's cute之外，几乎没有区别于其他同学的内容。 　　其二，在面对相当数量的话题时，同学们感到无话可说。例如a wedding you have attended，很多同学称自己没有参加过任何婚礼，导致在考场上语塞。 　　首先，同学们明白一个事实，那就是：雅思口语中未必一定要说真话。因为通常，真话是我们根本就不了解这个话题，就算能说出来，恐怕和其他学生也差不多，是一个既无趣又单调的答案。这样一个答案，在雅思考试中肯定不能获得理想的分数。所以，只要答案是合情合理，前后不矛盾，我们就可以使用。总之，在谈话中，我们要做的只是一个忠实的story teller。 　　本着这样一个原则，我们就可以着手准备素材了。在这里谈几个准备的方法。 　　首先要学会做有心人，平时和同学、朋友聊天，要多注意收集他人的人生经历。比如一个同学绘声绘色地描述了他去云南游玩的经历，即便你本人没有去过云南，也可以把这一段话改编成一段出色的雅思口语trip题答案; 　　其次，如果确实对于某个话题感到芹昌尺无话可说。我们可以借助现在最为发达的网络平台来寻找答案。例如在准备describe a park这道题目的时候，南京同学往往会将目标锁定在Xuan Wuhu lake park上，所以我们会听到许多同学描述完全相同的事物，如There's a zoo indside of it, and there're different kinds of animal in it, such as…这样的描述确实难以令考官产生兴趣。那么如果我们借助网络来搜索答案，又可以得到什么结果呢?在Google或者*(Wikipedia)中，我们输入关键词 Disneyland, California, 就能得到全部的关于加州迪斯尼的资料。从这个公园产生的背景，到这个公园各个部分的简介。比如关于其中一个叫做 Redwood Greek Challenge Trail的景点，我们得到了以下信息： 　　Redwood Creek Challenge Trail (opened February 8, 2001) : A play area for kids, featuring a Mount Shasta wilderness-like setting and suspension and wire bridges. It also features rock climbing and a Brother Bear scene cave. It is also designed for adventurous *s. 　　这段文字描嫌高述加上旁边配上的图片，能让我们清楚了解这一个景点的具体情况。那么我们稍稍将这段话做一点点改编和扩充，把它当作是我们自己的经历，就是一小段不错的谈话。 　　Well, I don't have a certain favorite attraction in particular, but if I have to say, I'd probably say it is Redwood Creek Challenge Trail. Actually, it's a play area for kids but it also attracts a young * like me for its design. It is a mount shape background with a exciting suspension and wire bridge, and also a cute brother bear cave which even fascinates a lot of *s. 　　不难看出，上面一段口语答案和关于Xuan Wuhu Lake Park的描述，无论从评分的哪个角度，都是迅裂关于Disneyland的这一段获胜。 　　不过在网络搜索的过程中，切记三个原则，第一，搜索的关键词要具体不要抽象，如果搜索describe a park，就不如搜索一个具体的公园Disneyland得到的信息多;第二，得到了文字信息之后，一定要在资料的基础上进行改编，因为得到的资料是书面语，我们要将它修改成口语稿才能使用;第三，一定要反复对着镜子练习自己的说话方式，把这些句子熟练掌握，内化为自己的观点，并能把它自然地说出来，而不是“背”出来，如果考官发现是在背诵而不是叙述，肯定会给你一个很低的分数。