雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思写作技巧口语分享给你 怎么才能快速提高雅思成绩?写作和口语一直不太好。 ...,希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
在 雅思 写作考试中,很多考生使用过多的口语化表达词句,其实这对我们的 作文 来说并不友好,要知道中方和西方的 思维方式 是不同的。那么雅思写作如何避免口语化表达呢?接下来我为大家棚孝分享一些 方法 ,希望能帮助大家克服这方面的问题。
雅思写作怎么避免口语化表达
一,请避免人的主语
口语中我们很习惯用“某个人做某件事”来构成基本句式,以至于 议论文 中有的考生依然写的是这样的 句子 :
More and more young students go abroad because they want to get better education and find a better job in the future. I think that they may have problems in study and also in life.
上例中第一句的主句和状语从句中都是以某个人开始的,第二句中主句和 宾语从句 也是以人做主语。虽然说这两个句子的WPS(每句中的词汇数)都超过10个,应该说不能算是写的特别初级的 简单句 ,如果句法和词汇没有问题还是很有希望达到6分的。但如果全篇都是这样的句式,整个 文章 就显得幼稚,类似于 记叙文 写作,绝对突破不了7分。
其实改法很简单:我们只要避免从“某个人”开始句子就可以了,也就是说用比较客观核返的就事论事的态度。如:避免“学生 出国 ”,只写“出国”;避免“他们想要…”,只写“想要…”。这样,上面的句子就可以写成:go abroad to get better education and find a better job in the future,不但很客观,而且把原来的主句和从句两部分精简处理成了一个动词 短语 。既可以做谓语动词加上原来的一个主语构成句子,也可以用 不定式 、动名词和 分词 处理为 非谓语动词 做主语、宾语或者状语,还可以以从句的形式处理。至于原来第一句中的主语young students可以用 介词短语 的形式插入不定式或者动名词短语中,而下面的句子里的评价部分的内容提上来做主句的谓语,组成一个新的句式。
另外,第二例句中的“have”,一般情况下主语都是某个人,而在写作中多为“ there be ”句改和饥型所代替,更加客观。所以上面的两个例句就可以合并成一句:
There may be problems in study and also in life for young students to go abroad in order to get better education and find a better job in the future.
这样合并不但客观而且精炼,每个单位句子所表达的内容自然就扩大,词汇密度也相应地增多,自然容易得高分,如果加上个别单词或短语的替换,就可以达到7分。但切记不可机械照搬 范文 中的长句,从雅思中国网的学员反馈情况看判为模板的文章最低分数降至4.5.
更进一步说,“have”和“there be”句型都可以简化成更简单的介词“with”结构,如以下所示:
On the table is a box. There is a cover beside it.
这两个小句子是小作文的 流程图 中经常要用到的具体描写事物的句型,凡是描写具有某种属性或者带有某种外部特征都可以用”with”结构表达,所以上述两句可以合并成:On the table is a box with a cover beside it.
除了一般的“某个人做某件事情”和“…have…”句型,常见的人化主语的句型还有很受考生偏爱的几个 情态动词 ,如can, may, should等。一般建议前两个改成It is likely /possible to do/ that….;后一个改成It is necessary/ imperative/ highly expected/ suggested that sth. be done.的句式,请看下面的例示:
We can go anywhere we like with our bicycle. →It is possible for us to go anywhere we like with our bicycle.
To curb global warming, our government should promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.→To curb global warming, it is imperative that our government promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.
归纳起来说,议论文中我们要积极避免“某个人”做主语,尽量用不定式、动名词或者一个从句做主语,谓语动词用评价性的动词充当,这样就可以由记叙文性质的“过程性句式”顺利转化成更符合议论文文风的客观评价性的句式。
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二,多使用被动句式
在比较正式的新闻、商务、法律等英语(论坛)文体中,被动句式因为其更突出客观性的宾语或者事实被广为使用。雅思的图表分析和议论文都是比较正式的文体,所以我们也应该注意多用被动句式。尤其是在以下两个方面:
1.主语不确定
Someone murdered the millionaire last night.→The millionaire was murdered last night.
2. 主语是泛指很多人或者大部分人
To improve the air quality, we should reduce the use of private cars. →To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.
Most people think that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.→It is widely believed that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.
被动句的用法不仅体现在主句中,在从句、非谓语动词短语中都有可能用到,如:
It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to control the software piracy. →It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to have the software piracy controlled.
I don’t expect that she returned. → She is not expected to have returned.
I am not sure whether the college graduates will find jobs in the financially difficult year. →I am not sure whether the college graduates will get employed in the financially difficult year.
但是因为汉语中本来是没有被动句式的,所以受汉化思维的影响很多考生不会想到这一点。这就要求我们对此要引起足够的重视,并且在平时多加练习以培养对其敏感度。
三,注意名词化句式表达
写作中把原本用动词或者形容词表达的地方换成名词叫做名词化(nominalization)。名词化是为了避免太多动词造成的句法处理上的困难,同时也可以把某些陈述型的句式转化成更客观的评价句,更符合议论文的文体要求。如:
Our monitor didn’t come today. He has got a flu.
很明显这两个小句可以用 因果关系 的信号词连成一句:Because our monitor has a flu, he didn’t come today.,但这个because引导的 原因状语从句 以及 其它 的状语从句是考生们很常用的 复合句 ,虽然看似比较复杂,其实仍然是某个人做主语。如果非谓语动词掌握得好,可能我们会想到用Having a flu, our monitor didn’t come today.如果我们把前后两部分分别用一个概括性的名词来替代,中间加上我们熟悉的表示因果关系的动词,这个句子就非常符合议论文的风格:The flu caused the absence of our monitor today.或者The absence of our monitor is because of his illness.至少我们可以尽量将其中的一个小句变成名词,减少某个人做主语的口语化句式的出现频率。
虽然这种表达方法更为客观,句式上更加简洁,但是用比较抽象的概括性词汇来写句子对于越来越趋于低龄化的考生来说的确是个挑战。但是有一些单词是我们在写作中几乎必须要用到的,平时要备好以下几个常见的名词化:lack of(if there is no…), ignorance of (don’t know …), illiteracy in(can’t read…/ can’t use…), failure (didn’t do…)等。而且在具体的使用过程中可以结合介词with使用,使得句法更加凝练。此外个别单词也可以利用题目中的动词的名词性后缀如: -tion,-ment, -isation, -ness, -ity等或者变成动名词形式-ing。如:
More younger generations celebrate the western festivals→the celebration of the western festivals by more younger generations
四,避免其他口语化表达
如more and more/ a lot等口语化的短语尽量避免,可以用increasing(ly), a large number of…/a great deal of…./swarms of…等代替。此外缩略形式也是正式的写作中要避免的。
雅思写作真题荟萃1
Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons
It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and examples in your answer.
Every generation of people is different in important ways. How is your generation different from your parents’generation? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
Some people pay money for the things they want or need. Other people trade products or goods for what they need. Compare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things. Which way do you prefer? Explain why.
Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land? Use specific details to explain your answer.
Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
You want to persuade someone to study your native language.What reasons would you give?Support your answer with specific details.
You have been asked to suggest improvements to a park that you have visited. This might be a city park.a regional park,or a national park.What improvements would you make?Why?Use specific reasons and examples to support your recommendations.
雅思写作真题荟萃2
辨证客观思维题:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People should read only those books that are about real events,real people, and established facts.Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion.
熟知问题:Films can tell us a lot about the country in which they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies?Use specific examples and details to support your response.
学校 教育 问题:Some people say that phyical exercise should be a required part of every school day.Other people believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies.Which opinion do you agree with?Give reasons to support your answer.
常见选择性题:Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone.Others like to be with friends most of the time.Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends?Give reasons to support your answer.
西方关注变化题:If you could invent something new.what product would you develop?Use specific details to explain why this invention in needed.
常见比较题:It has been said."Not everything that is learned is contained in books."Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books.In your opinion,which source is more important?why?9、6辨证客观性思维题:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
G类学生问为何不分开了,其实TASK2是一样的常见的比较性题目
Because of developments in communication and transportation,countries are becoming more and more alike.How is your country becoming more similar to other places in the world?Use specific examples and details support your answer.
西方人关注的“变化”题If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific example to support your answer.
关于学校和教育的话题--People attend colleges or universities for many different reasons(for example,new experiences,career preparation, increased knowledge).why do you think people attend colleges?Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
熟知问题篇--In general. people are living longer now.Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons and detail to develop your essay.
雅思写作真题荟萃3
A类:Over past 50 years, young people gain status and power but old people have lost. What is the cause and is it a good development or bad development?
G类:Task 1:You and your family are living in a rented accommodation in an English-speaking country,You are not satisfied because there are something wrong with the furniture. So write a letter to the landlord andask how to resole the problem.
Task 2:Young people are exposed to a great amount of information such as film, book, Internet.In what ways they give bad influence on young people and explain the reason, how to reduce the bad influence with examples.
A类:Strong tradition对一个nation有civilize的作用do you think government should subsidizes the musicians, artists, actors or drama companies, do u agree or disagree, what should government do?
G类:People doing different kinds of work enjoy different amount of holiday time. Should people have the same amount of leisure time? Give your opinion using some of your own experience.
A类:Some people believe that a country should have the moral obligation to help the other country and some of the people think that exist the misspending of the government and the aid money can not be got by the poor. What is your opinion?
G类:Some people think that children’s lives will be different from their own. Whit is your opinion? Explain the reasons by your experience and examples.
A类:Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society, therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion?
G类:Today some person has to work away from his family, what is the advantages and disadvantages? Give your opinion and some explains of your experience.
A类:Someone say the age of book is past, the info will be presented by some multimedia tools such as video, computer, television and film , others think the book and the written words will be necessary for spread info & complete education. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
G类:The culture of different countries are becoming similar so there is no pint for people to go traveling abroad for they could have same experience at home agree or disagree.
A类:有些人把动物当作宠物有些人则当作食物和衣服的资源你觉的呢请从以上两个方面讨论并写出自己的观点
G类:居住在城市里的和居住在农村里的人的性格有什么影响举例说明Your character is strongly influenced by the placeswheresyou grew up.–In what ways can growing up in a city or growing up in the countryside influenced people’s character? Give you relative experiences.
A类:现在很多国家的学校都分男校和女校谈一下它的优缺点
G类:有人认为National Costumes有助于保持传统故认为人们要每天穿着National Costumes. Agree? Explain. In many countries, people don’t wear their national costume. Many people think it will forget their history and tradition. So, people should be encouraged to wear national costume every day. You agree or disagree. (This is argument topic, u should support one or another)
A类:More and more women go out to work. It is responsibility of government to provide staff and facilities for children of working mother, free of charge. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
G类:现在的食物和cooking都在改变请说明传统食物改变原因和看法结合所在地方的情况举例子
A类:现在很多国家的学校存在很严重的问题是由于学生的态度引起的这些问题是怎样形成的你有什么建议来改变这种情况In many countries schools have several problems of students behavior, Please give some cause of it and some suggest.
G类:一些人认为母亲不能同时出去工作和成为一个好母亲所以*应该付给母亲工资让她们好好在家带孩子你的观点用你的例子和你的 经验 说明
A类:英国和国际旅游业的流行会不会导致小语种和小民族的伤害The spread of English and development of the international touri* have some negative effects to the country’s language andculture development? What extent do you agree or disagree?
G类:有人喜欢从事高风险运动如登山等人们说不值得让救援人员冒生命危险去救他们应对生命负责对吗说自己的观点举例
A类:体育专业是否应该拿钱比其它重要的专业多,两方面讨论,还要举例子Successful sports professionals earn a great deal much more than people in other important professions describe two views and your opinion.
G类:关于VIOLIANTFILMS你有什么看法对人有什么影响根据你的经验 说说 ?
A类:写某篇研究报道发现NOUNG WOMEN的犯罪率在升高,请给出一些POSSIBLE的理由和办法The rate of young women crimes is rising in the current society. What are the causes and how to solve it?
G类:Parent should limit children time of watching TV and playing computer game, others Insister children spend reading books, agree or disagree?
A类:Traveling abroad work for period of months or years, advandges or disadvandges to people and country
G类:Do you think poeple do different jobs they should have different time holidayare you agree or disagree , give your reason an explain.
对于国内烤鸭来说,口语跟写作大部分人成绩都不太好,而相对来说,听力跟阅读高分的让人比比皆是,但通过努力,取得一个理想的成绩,还是比较简单的。接下来我们看下,如何提高雅思写作和口语,怎么才能快速提高雅思成绩?
一、如何提高雅思口语成绩
1、找靠谱的口语外教
话题可以是描述自己所见到的事物,在旅途中所看到的、经历的事情。早晨可以想象接下来一天将要枯困发生的事情,晚上再回顾当天发生的事情。在逛超市时的时候就可以告诉自己需要什么、为什么需要。阅读一篇报纸文章,任何话题都可以涉及一些并且给出简短的摘要。
2、尽量锻炼自己的英语思维
良好的口语离不开正确的发音。考生首先要确保语调和节奏正确,不仅是各自单独的发音,还有它们在一起时的发音。改进发音的重要方法是练习听力。练习的方法是对广播或电视节目(如新闻)录音30秒,然后自己重述,以此来对比自己的发音与广播电视节目里发音的不同。考生要连续不断地练习,这是一个缓慢的过程,在能正确地发音之前,可能需要重复多次很困难的发音。
3、大量阅读报刊、杂志及各种故事
大量阅读之后将它们复述出来,注意是"复述"而非"背诵"。同一篇文章的复述工作应该反复滚动。多总结雅思口语模板以及雅思口语考试话题。
4、下载BBCNews,或美剧英剧,进行跟读
考生不仅要正确发音,还要提高流利程度。流利指的是毫不费力地叙述一件事情。与是否可以正确发音相比,流利程度与心理因素有更多关系。要做到流利,考生要对自己的词汇量以及将每个单词以合乎语法的顺序组合起来有足够的信心。换句话说流利就是非常自信地用英语表达自己。
5、真题还原边听边跟读
在雅思口语考试前的2-3周,建议严格按照最新一季话题卡的口语话题来进行练习。可以找一些雅思口语预测题来练习,自己总结一些topicword。这些topicword能让考官耳前一亮。你要雀镇知道不能跟别人说同样的话题,但不代表你不能用同样的词汇。
二、如何提高雅思写作成绩
1.正式性和严肃性
正式的英文学术语言首要的一个特征就是正式性和严肃性,具体体现为不用简写、不用口语、不用个人语气、不直接引用别人的原话或对话。而学术文章则要求客观、严谨、条理清楚、逻辑清晰,没有或者极少个人的感*彩。
举例来说,我们在口语或者小说中经常使用词的缩写形式或简易形式,比如you're, there's等等,但在雅思作文中我们就不能用这些简写形式,而应该用完整形式you are, there is.另外,在论述的时候最好不要直接引用别人的话:如"......", says,而应该用According to 某某某,然后再用自己的语言简述他的观点,这样显得顷败粗很专业。
2.经常使用被动语态
英文学术语言的第二个特征就是经常使用被动语态。一般说来,当强调动作承受者,不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时,多用被动式。须注意的是,有时候汉语中没有“被……”的意思,英语却应该用被动态。换句话说,在写作文的时候,大家不要等到在汉语中有“被……”的意思的时候才想起用被动语态。
在描述事件和客观事实的时候,被动语态用得更多,BBC一则新闻的题目是"10,000 NHS patients 'to have genes mapped'"请大家注意其中mapped的用法,翻译成汉语就是10000个NHS患者的基因图谱破译成功,这么多意思,一个mapped就表达出来了,这就是地道的英语。
3.用词准确句式多变
英文学术语言的第三个特征就是用词准确、句式多变。用词的准确性和多变也很值得一提。例如在犯罪类考题中,如果问到“是否应该加大对罪犯的惩处力度”,在表达“(实施)惩罚”时,能用的动词就包括"to punish"、"to impose … on"、"to carry out"和"to enforce"。
这种用不同的词汇表达同一个意思的能力,能让你的文章显得更加生动。试想,如果通篇表达经济这个概念时只用一个简单的"economy",虽然没什么错误,但也绝对没有亮点,这是想取得高分的同学的大忌。当然,要做到这一点并不容易,需要大家平时多用心,多积累。
以上就是如何快速提高自己的雅思口语和写作成绩,另外阅读跟听力其实对大多数人来说问题并不大,这两门尽量多拿分,而写作和口语尽量少十分,定可考出自己满意的成绩。
1、提前准备适合自己的口语高分词汇
在备考的时候,准备一些常用的7分雅思词汇和雅思技巧,在适当的时候脱口而出,会给你的考试增光添色,同时要在考前的练习过程中,掌握好paraphrase的方法,因为在雅思考试的过程中,由于紧张或者是本身词汇的匮乏,在自己不会的单词上面会卡壳,而雅思口语是相对比较灵活的,在这种情况下,需要我们用其他的话去替代那个卡壳的点,这样你的雅思口语就会顺畅、自然。
2、灵活应对雅思口语考试中的话题
雅思考试中的话题有很多,疑难话题是大家拿到雅思口语满分的最大障碍,当你在雅思考试的时候,遇到的题目是从来没有见过的,或者是自己比较生疏的话题,需要你灵活转换,但是当你无法做到灵活转化的时候,那就需要说一个最容易而且最能说出内容的话题。
3、充分利用考试中笔记记录
雅思口语考试中的一张纸,就是第二部分开始的时候,考官会给你一张纸拿正闭和一支笔,让你在思考的时候可以做一些笔记,有些考生觉得做笔记没什么意义,因为做完了之后,说的时候还是和笔记大相径庭,这说明考生在下面练习的时候没有很好的掌握通过看笔记说英语的习惯,因此在考场上才会觉得笔记没太大作用。
4、调节心理状态,不畏惧,不胆怯
雅思考试注重的是语言的应用性,因此在考场中的状态和心态对你的考试起到了举足轻重的作用,大部分的考生都没有参加过这样的口语考试,因此在考前对考试存在一种惧怕感,总是担心自己见到老外之后,可能会说的都会变成不会说的,这就是一种考试障碍,所以需要大家把自己的心态放平稳,一定要把雅思口语考试当成是一个和考官的谈话,是和一个陌生人的谈话,仅此而已。把自己想说的,能说的,全都表达出来。
扩展资料
雅思口语考试分数档次:
1、9分,成绩极佳,能将英语运用自如,精确、流利并能完全理解。
2、8分,非常良好,能将英语运用自如,只是偶尔有不连接的错误和不恰当,在不熟悉的状况下可能出现误解,可将复杂细节的争论掌握的相当好。
3、7分,良好,有能力运用英语,虽然在某些情况有时会发生不准确、不适当和误解,大致可将复杂的英语掌握的不错,也理解其全部内容. (澳大利亚移民分数线)。
4、6.5分,(加拿大、英消裂国留学分数线)。
5、5分,适当及格,可部分运用英语,在大多数情况下可应付全部的意思,虽然可能犯下许多错误,在本身领域内应可掌握基本的沟通。
6、4分,(英国预科分数线) 水平有清侍限,只限在熟悉的状况下有基本的理解力,在理解与表达上常发生问题,无法使用复杂英语。
7、3分,水平极有限,在极熟悉的情况下,只能进行一般的沟通理解。
8、2分,只属于偶尔使用英语,除非在熟悉的情况,使用单词和简短的短句表达最基本的信息,在说写方面有重大的障碍。
9、1分,不能通过,可能只能说几个单词,无法沟通。
10、0分,考生没有参加考试,没有可评估的信息。
参考资料: 百度百科-雅思口语
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