雅思阅读练习口语文章 5. 雅思小作文只写了一半,大作文写完了,能得多少分

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雅思托福作为出国留学必要成绩，他们都考什么呢?二者都是从以下四个方面来段数考察的：

(1)听力。　雅思填空式托福选择式
雅思听力部分会出现多个经典场景，考核题型也趋向多样化。新托福听力部分内容更加学术化，演讲篇幅大大加长。

(2)作文：　雅思两篇作文托福一握唯首篇驳论雅思一大一小两篇作文，新托福作文包括综
合写作部分和独立写作部分，要求考生先读一篇文章，然后听录音，最后写下一篇150至225字的短文章。独立写作部分是学生熟悉的生活、学习。

(3) 口语：　雅思人人对话托福人机对话雅思口语采用“人人对话”方式，话题比较生活化，没有标准答案。而新托福口语采用“山闭人机对话”方式，包括校园生活和学术演讲的题材，模拟正式的上课讲演来考查学生。

(4)阅读：　　雅思较传统托福学术化 雅思文章内容基本来自传统的题库，而新托福阅读部分内容变得更加学术化

详情可查看： 雅思托福考什么 ?

接下来我们就拿几个第一部分比较有代表性的口语问题来分析看看如何回答这些问题。

1. Q: What kind of clothes do youlike to wear?
本题询问服装种类，我们首先快速地从脑子里搜索到相关的词汇，然后加上符合自己的理由，给出答案。
A: Icertainly fancy simple andcontracted clothing（简约风格）which brings huge comfort and simplicity to me. I know whatsuits me and what doesn’t, so I always wear clothes and never let clothes wearme. Sometimes I buy trendy brands and clothes, but that takes away individuality（个性）.
以上答案用到了刚刚补充的服装风格，又交代了原因，后面补充了自身对于潮流服装的看法，考生们大可在直接回答完问题之宏晌后扩展开话题，聊一些与服装有关的内容，这样既能展示自身的词汇量和知识面，又能打开新搏绝答话题。
我们再来看一道题：
2. Q: Do you like shopping?
本题问的是购物，关于购物我们可以说很多，然而为了省时省力我们可以贯彻“拿来主义”，运用前面用到过的词汇等素材来帮助我们答题，所以在直接回答问题之后我们可以把话题引到服装上来。
A:Sure, sometimes I’m crazy about shopping. The eye-dazzling goods（眼花缭乱的商品）and name brands（名牌）in boutiques（精品店）and shopping centres are just so fascinating that I can’t helpmyself to buy them. But mostly, I’m rather rational about what I like, like myfavourite clothing style, thesimple and contracted. Idon't really care whether my clothes are from a name brand, but it’s the styleI fancy and the comfort andindividualityI can enjoythat make me want to buy them.
本题我们也用到了在前面补充的内容，即服装风格和特性。由此可见我们完全可以把已经掌握的知识用于不同的题目中，既丰富了答案，又给自己减了负。
接下来我们再拿一个有关包的题目分析一下如何回答：
3. Q: What kind of bags do youlike?
本题我们运用前面讲到的包包类型来直接回答这个问题，并且我们可以用包包的特征来充当喜欢这类包的原因，答案如下。
A: Ilove shoulder bags（肩背包）mostbecause they have large capacity（容量）so Ican put all my stuff, like my purse, my notebook and several bags ofhandkerchief paper, in it. They are really of high utility and functionality（实用性和功能性）.
4. Q: Do you have different bagsfor different occasions?
本题我们首先照实回答我们拥有的包包种类，然后依然可以运用各种不同的包包种类来扩充答案。
A:Well, I should say I merely havetotes（手提包）, shoulder bagsandbackpacks（双肩包基慧）, and I douse them for different occasions. For example, I use my shoulder bags and totesfor university and backpacks for outdoor activities like hiking or something.But I don't have a clutch（手包）forspecial occasions because I don't have such occasions to attend.
这两题都涉及到了包包的种类，所以我们运用前面讲过的不同种类包包的名称来丰富我们的答案，这些详细的包包名称既能准确的表示你想说的内容，又能有效地让考官听懂，一举两得。
说完第一部分的话题，我们再来看第二部分中一个有关时尚的经典问题：apiece of clothing you wear on special occasions.
有关这道题目的要求如下：
Describea piece of clothing you wear on special occasions.
Youshould say:
Whatthe clothing looks like
Whereyou bought it
Onwhat occasions you wear it
Andexplain why you wear it on special occasions.
拿到这道题我们要关注到这道题的关键词specialoccasion（特殊场合）。特殊场合包括各种典礼，如：结婚典礼、毕业典礼、开学典礼等，也包括一些职业场合，如：面试、采访等，当然也包括舞会、聚会等。如果需要从这些场合中挑一个来描述的话，想必婚礼、毕业典礼和面试是我们同学都多多少少经历过，也是最适合我们同学们来说的了。今天我们就以结婚典礼为背景，结合前面补充的关于服装时尚的知识，来做一个示范。
An one-piece dress（连衣裙）I wore onmy cousin’s wedding ceremony three years ago is the one that I cherish most andchanges me most. It was the very first one-piece dress I bought and I clearlyremember that it was a Dolce & Gabbana. I specially bought it in Shanghaitwo weeks before my cousin’s wedding. To me, it was costly at that time, ofcourse. I bought it because I was firstly invited to be an honoured bride*aid.I was extremely excited and nervous because I was somewhat about to be thecentre of attention. Speaking of the dress, well, it is short, pink and sleeveless（无袖的）with a lacecollar（蕾丝领边）. I adored it so much, but, honestly, it was my first timewearing such one-piece dress, let alone I had to wear it in front of a fairlylarge crowd! So on that day, I was so stressful and nervous that I couldn'teven look people in their eyes. But what surprised me a lot was when my cousinsaw me in this dress, she couldn't stop saying that I was adorable（可爱的）and elegant（优雅的）inthat dress. And surprises were just coming one after another. Almost everyonewho saw me praised my look and gave me confidence. I was quite encouragedbecause I used to wear jeans（牛仔裤）and T-shirts（T恤）day after day. I had never changed my clothing style. But fromthat day on, I tried to change my dressingstyle（穿衣风格）a little bit, and I noticed that change sometimes broughtsurprise and pleasure. So, this dress will always be my favourite, and alway*e a remainder that reminds me of the beauty of change.
本文描述了一条粉色、短款、无袖的连衣裙，以及领口是蕾丝质地，品牌是Dolce& Gabbana,非常直观详细地让人在脑海中勾勒出衣服的样子。我们需要注意的是，对物品的描述不能只停留在颜色和大小，而应该更具体一些，并且有几个亮点，如本文的无袖、蕾丝领边，都是使这个物品区别于其他物品的特点，让人印象深刻。其次，我们对物品的描述需要用个人经历和内心活动来使其更具有生命力和表现力，让人感同身受，所以本文加了对连衣裙的态度的转变，让听者跟随说话者的描述对这条裙子产生更贴切的感受。本文并没有用一些华丽的辞藻和句式，但对物品和内心活动的详实描述让人感同身受、印象深刻，这就够了。
基于前面的例子，我们再来系统地补充一下关于各种服装的名称和特征，便于考生选择适合自己的表达，让回答更具体，更独特，更有个人特征(personalised)，而不是泛泛而谈，让人转身就忘，无效沟通。

服装名称

ready-to-wear clothes 成衣

evening dress 夜礼服

uniform 制服

dinner jacket 无尾礼服（美作tuxedo）

tails 燕尾服

gown 长睡衣

robe 长袍礼服

coat 女大衣

overcoat 男式大衣

three-quarter coat 中长大衣

fur coat 皮大衣

cloak 斗篷

dust coat 风衣

shawl 大披巾

jacket 短外衣夹克

pyjamas 睡衣裤（美作pajamas）

bathrobe 浴衣

V-neck V型领

lapel （上衣）翻领

cuff 袖口

sleeve 袖子

T-shirt 短袖圆领衫，体恤衫

blouse 紧身女衫

polo shirt 球衣

vest 汗衫

short-sleeved sweater 短袖运动衫

sweater 运动衫

short trousers 短裤

jeans 牛仔裤

skirt 裙子

belt 裤带

underwear, underclothes 内衣裤

divided skirt, split skirt 裙裤

briefs 短*，三角裤

underpants, pants 内衣裤（美作shorts）

waistcoat 背心

panties 女短*

stockings 长袜

slip, petticoat 衬裙

socks 短袜

suspenders 袜带（美作garters）

tights, leotard 紧身衣裤

材料与花纹

Cotton 棉

wool羊毛

linen 麻

synthetic fabric 混合纤维

acryl 压克力

polyester 伸缩尼龙

nylon 尼龙

worsted 呢料

cashmere 羊绒

tartan plaid 格子花（美作tartan）

dot 圆点花

stripe 条纹

flower pattern 花纹花样

鞋

shoes 鞋

sole 鞋底

heel 鞋后跟

lace 鞋带

leather shoes 皮鞋

patent leather shoes 漆皮鞋

boots 靴子

slippers 拖鞋

sandals 凉鞋

canvas shoes, rope soled shoes 帆布鞋

flip flops 夹脚拖鞋

high-heeled shoes 高跟鞋

裙子

curvy draped dress 紧身垂褶裙

long dress with a revealing ‘up to there’ split 高叉长裙

sequin black dress 亮片小黑裙

one-shoulder cocktail dress 单肩短裙

high-low hemline dress 底边不规则高低裙

sheer lace slip dress 蕾丝吊带裙

mesh dress 网眼裙

Strapless dress 无肩带裙子

考生们可以按照个人喜好、经历和想要表达的内容来选择不同的服装，描述不同的材质和部位，把答案细化，引人注意。
接下来，我们把目光移到口语第三部分的题目上。第三部分关于服装的问题相对于前两部分有了更深入的询问和探讨。以往常会问到的题目包括考生对于年轻人追求时尚的态度，对于时尚的定义，穿着的重要性等等。我们可以发现这一部分的问题明显更深入更引人思考。在这里我们选取三个代表性的问题来分析一下。
1.Q: Do you think it’s important (or, good) to follow the currentfashion in the clothes you wear?
我们在本文一开始就分析了服装的作用，以及对追求时尚的态度。所以我们可以引用前面讲的内容来帮助答题。
A: Idon't think we should put much focus on the current fashion in the clothes.Sure fashion makes you “in”（潮的）, but don'tyou think once you are “in”, you are not true you but someone who looks nodifferent from others. I mean, fashion makes us look all the same without our individuality（个性）, soto me it’s more important to find my own way of wearing clothes, rather thanfollowing the current fashion.
2.Q: Why do many young people feel it’s important to wear clothes thatare “in fashion”?
本题询问原因，所以我们要分析年轻人追求时尚潮流的目的和心理，我们可以从服装时尚吸引人的地方入手，再分析年轻人的心理。
A:First, I have to say that clothes are more of aform of creative artistic expression（一种创意艺术表达形式）, rather than a tool to merely keep us from naked and from climatic changes（防止受到天气影响以及起到蔽体的作用）. So theirartisticand aesthetic values（艺术和审美价值）make them apiece of art for individuals to pursue and to follow. Besides, young people aremore concerned about what others are thinking of them, and this is particularlytrue when it comes to their appearance. Following an “in fashion” is like asymbol that says “you are with us” or “you are not left behind”, which makes itfairly understandable that young people are more likely to wear “in fashion”clothes at a very special age.
本题前半部分引用了文章一开始补充的服装的作用，用于说明现代服装的功能有了巨大的转变，预示着追求服装成了一种发展的结果。后半段分析了年轻人处于敏感的年龄阶段，更容易受到他人影响，所以追求服装时尚以求与他人的一致是非常自然且容易理解的。
3.Q: Do you think people tend to judge others by the clothes theywear? (Why?)
本题其实有很多角度可以切入。联系实际我们知道，我们看一个人的穿着主要看是否干净整洁，也看是否根据场合不同而穿着得体。但是我们不会，也不应该，因为一个人的穿着来评断说这个人的好坏。这样答案就显而易见了。另外一个角度可以从年轻人入手。年轻人喜欢追求潮流，所以可以通过一个人的穿着判定这个人是不是与自己是“一伙的”。所以我们可以给出至少两种答案。
A1:First, I have to say that I don't think most people judge others by the clothesthey wear. Sure, we inevitably judge whether the person has a clean andorganised（干净的、有条理的）living habit by whether they wear neatly and tidily. And we aresomewhat concerned about whether people dress *artly（衣着讲究）in differentoccasions. But none of these would we use to judge the quality of a person, or,in other words, whether the person is good.
A2:Well, it’s a pretty hard question because I don't know what all people arethinking. But according to my knowledge, young people are more like to judge aperson by the clothes they wear. If a person wears the latest clothes, youngpeople will think he or she is an “in person”, or at least, “in theirdistinctive group”. Accordingly, it is more likely for them to accept theperson as theirs. And once they accept the person, they don't think the personis bad. So, that's why I think young people tend to judge others by the clothesthey wear.
第三部分的题目比较不固定，所以考生们要掌握最核心的知识，记住最通用的素材，灵活变通，把第三部分的题目化到最简。虽然题目不简单，但我们发现其实文章开始补充的背景知识是非常好用的。只要考生们认真仔细阅读，并依据一个个的题目展开练习，归纳整理，相信很快就能把与时尚相关的题目搞定。