新雅思阅读在线练习 2023雅思阅读日常训练一

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雅思阅读模拟练习题：段落标题题。

您好，我是专注留学考试规划和留学咨询的小钟老师。在追寻留学梦想的路上，选择合适的学校和专业，准备相关考试，都可能让人感到迷茫和困扰。作为一名有经验的留学顾问，我在此为您提供全方位的专业咨询和指导。欢迎随时提问！
想要提升雅思阅读的成绩，那么想要同学们平时有没有做一些习题来提升自己的雅思阅读做题能力呢？今天就和小钟老师来看看雅思阅读模拟练习题：段落标题题。

雅思阅读模拟练习题：段落标题题
Persistent bullying is one of the worst experiences a child can face. How can it be prevented？ Peter Smith， Professor of Psychology at the University of Sheffield， directed the Sheffield
Anti-Bullying Intervention Project， funded by the Department for Education. Here he reports on his findings.
A
Bullying can take a variety of forms， from the verbal - being taunted or called hurtful names - to the physical - being kicked or shoved - as well as indirect forms， such as being excluded from social groups. A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying， which in about one in ten cases was persistent. There was less bullying in secondary schools， with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying， but these cases may be particularly recalcitrant.
B
Bullying is clearly unpleasant， and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to *， though this is thankfully rare. Victimised pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as *s， while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent， and convicted of anti-social offences.
C
Until recently， not much was known about the topic， and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence， schools would often deny the problem. ＇There is no bullying at this school＇ has been a common refrain， almost certainly untrue. Fortunately more schools are now saying： ＇There is not much bullying here， but when it occurs we have a clear policy for dealing with it.”
D
Three factors are involved in this change. First is an awareness of the severity of the problem. Second， a number of resources to help tackle bullying have become available in Britain. For example， the Scottish Council for Research in Education produced a package of materials， Action Against Bullying， circulated to all schools in England and Wales as well as in Scotland in summer 1992， with a second pack， Supporting Schools Against Bullying， produced the following year. In Ireland， Guidelines on Countering Bullying Behaviour in Post-Primary Schools was published in 1993. Third， there is evidence that these materials work， and that schools can achieve something. This comes from carefully conducted ＇before and after＇ evaluations of interventions in schools， monitored by a research team. In Norway， after an intervention campaign was introduced nationally， an evaluation of forty-two schools suggested that， over a two-year period， bullying was halved. The Sheffield investigation， which involved sixteen primary schools and seven secondary schools， found that most schools succeeded in reducing bullying.
E
Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying， saying clearly what is meant by bullying， and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs， what records will be kept， who will be informed， what sanctions will be employed. The policy should be developed through consultation， over a period of time—not just imposed from the head teacher＇s office！ Pupils， parents and staff should feel they have been involved in the policy， which needs to be disseminated and implemented effectively.
Other actions can be taken to back up the policy. There are ways of dealing with the topic through the curriculum， using video， drama and literature. These are useful for raising awareness， and can best be tied in to early phases of development， while the school is starting to discuss the issue of bullying. They are also useful in renewing the policy for new pupils， or revising it in the light of experience. But curriculum work alone may only have short-term effects； it should be an addition to policy work， not a substitute.
There are also ways of working with individual pupils， or in *all groups. Assertiveness training for pupils who are liable to be victims is worthwhile， and certain approaches to group bullying such as ＇no blame＇， can be useful in changing the behaviour of bullying pupils without confronting them directly， although other sanctions may be needed for those who continue with persistent bullying.
Work in the playground is important， too. One helpful step is to train lunchtime supervisors to distinguish bullying from playful fighting， and help them break up conflicts. Another possibility is to improve the playground environment， so that pupils are less/likely to be led into bullying from boredom or frustration.
F
With these developments， schools can expect that at least the most serious kinds of bullying can largely be prevented. The more effort put in and the wider the whole school involvement， the more substantial the results are likely to be. The reduction in bullying—and the consequent improvement in pupil happiness—is surely a worthwhile objective.

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2023雅思阅读日常训练一

您好，我是专注留学考试规划和留学咨询的小钟老师。在追寻留学梦想的路上，选择合适的学校和专业，准备相关考试，都可能让人感到迷茫和困扰。作为一名有经验的留学顾问，我在此为您提供全方位的专业咨询和指导。欢迎随时提问！
本次小钟老师雅思考试栏目诚心为大家整理“2023雅思阅读日常训练一”，各位童鞋们，赶快抓紧时间练习吧，小编在这里预祝各位考试顺利!
It's pretty safe to say that we'd all like to come across as well-informed, knowledgeable, and *art. Society values experts and rewards them, so we benefit when we're seen as having a certain level of command in what we do and what we speak about. While it's certainly positive to better ourselves in this regard, it can be a dangerous path to go down if we're focused too much on perceived expertise and intelligence during our interactions with others.
As we seek to better ourselves in our fields of work, we may notice our vocabulary shifting to defend our newfound status. We don't admit our shortcomings for fear of becoming vulnerable to critici*, and we stop acknowledging others to preserve our own ranking. However, what this behavior turns one into is not an expert but a know-it-all. To avoid becoming the latter, make a conscious effort to continue to implement the following three phrases into your daily interactions. True experts who know their value and don't question their own intelligence use these phrases regularly. It doesn't make them sound unsure or unreliable, it makes them sound *art.
1. "What do you think?" Taking the time to consider multiple ideas—especially those of others—shows you're *art enough to do your research. Know-it-alls resist input from others and put themselves in situations where they make more mistakes (and also turn off everyone around them). If you're *art, you'll want to seek out the ideas and opinions of others to better inform your own.
2. "I was wrong." Know-it-alls let their pride get the best of them and aren't able to admit failure. Recognizing when you've erred, learning from it, and then quickly moving forward is the sign of a truly mature, well-functioning *. Everyone makes mistakes, and they're necessary to grow and improve."
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]-->Say nothing at all. While this isn't a phrase, choosing when to refrain from speaking is just as important as deciding what to say. Even if you're well-versed in the subject, don't dominate the conversation. Let others speak. You'll learn more from hearing what others have to say and become even *arter.
我们都喜欢给人留下见多识广、知识渊博、聪明睿智的印象，这一点不假。我们的社会重视
专家，而且专家也能得到回报。因此，当我们在自己所做、所谈的领域有两把刷子的时候，我们是能够得到好处的。在这个方向上不断精进当然是个好事，但是，如果在于别人沟通的过程中太过强调自己的专业程度与智力优越感，那就很危险了。
随着我们在专业领域不断精进，我们可能会发现自己遣词造句的方式也跟着变了。为了避免遭受批评，我们拒绝承认自己的不足;为了保全自己的地位，我们不在认可别人。然而，这么做不会让你成为专家，而是一个不懂装懂的人。为了避免成为后者，在日常的交流中不妨多用用下面3个表达方式。真正的专家对自己的价值学识自信笃定，不会因为使用这三个表达而变得妄自菲薄。相反，他们经常使用它们，这不光不会让人觉得专他们含糊其辞、摇摆不定，反而让他们显得更加聪明老练。
“你的想法是什么?”花点时间考虑下不同的观点?特别是别人的观点。这么做会让人觉得你够聪明，让人觉得你的确能处理好手上的研究任务。不懂装懂的人总是拒绝接受别人的介入，而这让他们自己更容易犯错(也会拖累身边的人)。真正睿智的人会综合考虑别人的观点来使自己的想法更完善。
“我错了。”不懂装懂的人十分自负，从不承认自己的失败。意识到自己的错误，从中汲取经验，然后更好的进步，这才是一个成熟的，懂得为人处世的成年人。每个人都会犯错，儿错误是成长与进步中必须的一部分。
沉默是金。尽管这并不是中表达方式啦，但是，选择什么时候不说话和选择该说什么一样重要。即使你对一个领域如数家珍，也不要一面倒地霸占整个交流过程。给别人说话的机会，你会从他人的见解中得到启示并成为一个更睿智的人。

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2023年雅思阅读考试精选习题及答案（3）

您好，我是专注留学考试规划和留学咨询的小钟老师。在追寻留学梦想的路上，选择合适的学校和专业，准备相关考试，都可能让人感到迷茫和困扰。作为一名有经验的留学顾问，我在此为您提供全方位的专业咨询和指导。欢迎随时提问！
小钟老师为大家带来2023年雅思阅读考试精选习题及答案(3)，欢迎大家参考!更多相关内容请关注本站!
2023年雅思阅读考试精选习题及答案(3)
Talc Powder
A Peter Brigg discovers how talc from Luzenac's Trimouns in France find its way into food and agricultural products - from chewing gum to olive oil. High in the French Pyrenees, some 1,700m above sea level, lies Trimouns, a huge deposit of hydrated magnesium silicate - talc to you and me. Talc from Trimouns, and from ten other Luzenac mines across the globe, is used in the manufacture of a vast array of everyday products extending from paper, paint and plaster to co*etics, plastics and car tyres. And of course there is always talc's best known end use: talcum powder for babies1 bottoms. But the true versatility of this remarkable mineral is nowhere better displayed than in its sometimes surprising use in certain niche markets in the food and agriculture industries.
B Take, for example, the chewing gum business. Every year, Talc de Luzenac France - which owns and operates the Trimouns mine and is a member of the international Luzenac Group (art of Rio Tinto minerals) supplies about 6,000 tones of talc to chewing gum manufacturers in Europe. "We've been selling to this sector of the market since the 1960s," says Laurent Fournier, sales manager in Luzenac's Specialties business unit in Toulouse. "Admittedly, in terms of our total annual sales of talc, the amount we supply to chewing gum manufacturers is relatively *all, but we see it as a valuable niche market: one where customers place a premium on securing supplies from a reliable, high quality source. Because of this, long term allegiance to a proven suppler is very much a feature of this sector of die talc market." Switching sources - in the way that you might choose to buy, say, paperclips from Supplier A rather than from Supplier B - is not an easy option for chewing gum manufacturers." Fournier says. "The cost of reformulating is high, so when customers are using a talc grade that works, even if it's expensive, they are understandably reluctant to switch."
C But how is talc actually used in the manufacture of chewing gum? Patrick Delord, an engineer with a degree in agronomics, who has been with Luzenac for 22 years and is now senior market development manager, Agriculture and Food, in Europe, explains that chewing gums has four main components. "The most important of them is the gum base," he says. "It's the gum base that puts the chew into chewing gum. It binds all the ingredients together, creating a soft, *ooth texture. To this the manufacturer then adds sweeteners, softeners and flavourings. Our talc is used as a filler in the gum base. The amount vanes between, say, ten and 35 per cent, depending on the type of gum. Fruit flavoured chewing gum, for example, is slightly acidic and would react with the calcium carbonate that the manufacturer might otherwise use as a filler. Talc, on the other hand, makes an ideal filler because it's non-reactive chemically. In the factory, talc is also used to dust the gum base pellets and to stop the chewing gum sticking during the lamination and packing process," Delord adds.
D The chewing gum business is, however, just one example of talc's use in the food sector. For the past 20 years or so, olive oil processors in Spain have been taking advantage of talc's unique characteristics to help them boost the amount of oil they extract from crushed olives According to Patrick Delord, talc is especially useful for treating what he calls "difficult" olives. After the olives are harvested - preferably early in the morning because their taste is better if they are gathered in the cool of the day they are taken to the processing plant. There they arc crushed and then stirred for 30-45 minutes. In the old days, the resulting paste was passed through an olive press but nowadays it's more common to add water and (K-6IH) the mixture to separate the water and oil from the solid matter The oil and water are then allowed to settle so that the olive oil layer can be )and bottled. “Difficult” olives are those that are more reluctant than the norm to yield up their full oil content. This may be attributable to the particular species of olive, or to its water content and the time of year the olives arc collected - at the beginning and the end of the season their water content is often either too high or too low. These olives are easy to recognize because they produce a lot of extra foam during the stirring process, a consequence of an excess of a fine solid that acts as a natural emulsifier. The oil in this emulsion is lost when the water is disposed of. Not only that, if the waste water is disposed of directly into local fields - often the case in many *aller processing operations - the emulsified oil may take some time to biodegrade and so be harmful to the environment.
E "If you add between a half and two percent of talc by weight during the stirring process, it absorbs the natural emulsifier in the olives and so boosts the amount of oil you can extract," says Delord. "In addition, talc's flat, 'platey' structure helps increase the size of the oil droplets liberated during stirring, which again improves the yield. However, because talc is chemically inert, it doesn't affect the color, taste, appearance or composition of the resulting olive oil."
F If the use of talc in olive oil processing and in chewing gum is long established, new applications in the food and agriculture industries arc also constantly being sought by Luzenac. One such promising new market is fruit crop protection, being pioneered in the US. Just like people, fruit can get sunburned. In fact, in very sunny regions up to 45 per cent of a typical crop can be affected by heat stress and sunburn However, in the case of fruit, it's not so much the ultra violet rays which harm the crop as the high surface temperature that the sun's rays create.
G To combat this, farmers normally use either chemicals or spray a continuous fine canopy of mist above the fruit frees or bushes. The trouble is, this uses a lot of water - normally a precious commodity in hot, sunny areas - and it is therefore expensive. What's more, the ground can quickly become waterlogged. "So our idea was to coat the fruit with talc to protect it from the sun," says Greg Hunter, a marketing specialist who has been with Luzenac for ten years. "But to do this, several technical challenges had first to be overcome. Talc is very hydrophobic: it doesn't like water. So in order to have a viable product we needed a wettable powder - something that would go readily into suspension so that it could be sprayed onto the fruit. It also had to break the surface tension of the cutin (the natural waxy, waterproof layer on the fruit) and of course it had to wash off easily when the fruit was harvested. No-one's going to want an apple that's covered in talc."
H Initial trials in the state of Washington in 2023 showed that when the product was sprayed onto Granny Smith apples, it reduced their surface temperature and lowered the incidence of sunburn by up to 60 per cent. Today the new product, known as Invelop Maximum SPF, is in its second commercial year on the US market. Apple growers are the primary target although Hunter believes grape growers represent another sector with long term potential. He is also hopeful of extending sales to overseas markets such as Australia, South America and southern Europe.

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