海北雅思阅读真题及解析（【雅思阅读翻译】C4T1P3——视觉符号与盲人）

小编今天整理了一些海北雅思阅读真题及解析（【雅思阅读翻译】C4T1P3——视觉符号与盲人）相关内容，希望能够帮到大家。

本文目录一览：

• 1、海北雅思阅读真题及解析
• 2、【雅思阅读翻译】C4T1P3——视觉符号与盲人
• 3、雅思阅读熟词多义题解析

海北雅思阅读真题及解析

大多数考生都知道备考雅思需要充分利用真题，一来备考更有针对性，二来可以熟悉题型和出题思路。对于雅思阅读备考也是一样，真题就是首选素材。但是又有考生说我把真题都做了好几遍了，怎么感觉没有提升?其实这就涉及到一个真题利用方法的问题，做真题就要把真题做透了，才能有所收获。下面是整理的海北雅思阅读真题及解析，欢迎参考。

雅思阅读真题附答案题型：

人名观点配对

他在寻找古老的湖泊，这名Mungo女子是被火葬的A

持怀疑态度的教授对一些化石的DNA进行了可靠的分析E

教授测定的人的年龄要比62000年前年轻的多的结果A

确定Mungo人的年龄，争议了澳大利亚人的起源B

在澳洲，研究小组谁先恢复生物的证据，发现尼安德特人C

年代的支持者认为澳大利亚巨型动物的灭绝是由于古代人类狩猎造成的D

多区域的解释已经被提出，而不是坚持认为单一的起源B

史前人类活动导致气候变化而不是巨型动物的灭绝A

判断题

Mungo湖仍然为考古学家提供了图解说明人类活动的证据True

在Mungo湖发现Mungo使用的武器Not given

Mungo人是在复杂的文化世界上已知最古老的考古证据之一，如埋葬仪式True

Mungo男人和女人的骨架是被发现在同一年False

澳大利亚教授使用古老的研究方法对“走出非洲”支持者的批判Not given

12. Probably the most famous example of insect species evolved to tolerantpoisons plants is that﹍﹍ larvae's preference for eating milkweedleaves.

三.分总段落 。这种段落把主题句放在了最后。如《剑桥大学老样题》P2Q12中心句为最后一句This is a purely person-skills match approach to selection。这是个下定义句型，一般下定义的句型(A is B， A is defined as….，A is called…， The definition of A is ….)我们可以看之为中心句，这种方法在剑2T1P2B段和E段都有体现。这种段落结构而后上面的两种不一样，这种结构的出现并不多。

雅思阅读历年真题长难句分析

But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.—2021—阅读第一篇

解析：(But the market generates interest far beyond its size)--主句 (because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way)--原因状语从句 (matched by few other industries)--后置定语.

翻译：这个市场所获得的利益之所以远超本身的范围主要是因为这个市场将巨大的财富、超强的自尊自负、贪婪和*，还有各种争议通通汇聚在一 起，令其它行业相形见绌。

The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. 2021—阅读第一篇

解析： (The current downturn in the art market is the worst)--主句 (since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989)--时间状语从句.

翻译：当前低迷的艺术品市场是自1989年底日本人停止购*印象派作品以来最糟糕的一次。

What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. 2021—阅读第一篇

解析：(What makes this slump different from the last)--主语从句, (he says)--插入语, is (that there are still buyers in the market)--表语从句.

翻译：他指出：与对上一次大萧条不一样的是现在市场上还有*家。

Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. 2021—阅读第一篇

解析：(Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report—修饰主语的定语从句)--主语 said (that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell)--宾语从句.

翻译：几乎每个接受这个特别报道访问的人都说现在这个时期最大的问题在于不是没有需求而是没有好的作品去*。

But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return. 2021—阅读第一篇

解析：(But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away—定语从句修饰主语)--主句,(waiting for confidence to return)--doing做状语.

翻译：但那些不一定非得*东西的人就一直远离市场，等待信心的回归。

2) 简明(Concise)

雅思阅读真题中最常见的50个短语

1. abide by(=be faithful to; obey)忠于;遵守。

2. be absent from... 缺席，不在

3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉

4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引……的注意力

(被动语态)：be absorbed in 全神贯注于……近：be engrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in; be concentrated on; be focused on; be centered on

5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有

6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解

7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外。

Without accident(=safely) 安全地

8. of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地，主动地

9. in accord with 与……一致. out of one's accord with 同……不一致

10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地

11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据

12. on one's own account

1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益

2)(=at one's own risk) 自行负责

3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账;on account of 因为;on no account不论什么原因也不;of...account 有……重要性。

13. take...into account(=consider)把……考虑进去

14. give *. an account of 说明，解释 (理由)

15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明。

16. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。

17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

18. accuse...of...(=charge...with; blame *. for sth.; blame sth. on *.; complain about) 指控，控告

19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。

20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

【雅思阅读翻译】C4T1P3——视觉符号与盲人

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27–40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.

最近的一系列研究表明，盲人可以理解用轮廓线和透视图表示的物体排列及空中的其他表面。但是图片表达的意思更胜于文字表述。当我研究的一位盲人女性自发地划出一个正在滚动的车轮时，这个现象极大地吸引了我的注意。为了展示车轮的运动，她在圆的中心画了一条曲线。我被吓了一跳。表示运动的线，例如她刚画的这条，是插图史上最近才有的发明。事实上，正如艺术学者David Kunzle所说，引领了19世纪潮流的卡通画家Wilhelm Busch直到1877年之前都没有在他最流行的人物形象中使用动态线条。

When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicator than, say, broken or wavy lines – or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion.

当我要求其他接受研究的盲人画一个滚动的轮子时，一种很聪明的画法反复出现了：一些盲人把车轮的辐条画成了曲线。当被问到这些曲线时，他们都说这是一种表示运动的比喻手法。多数人规则，会认为，这种方式可以很好地表示运动。但是对于这种现象。会不会有种更好的表示方法，例如虚线和波浪线，或其他形式的线呢？答案还不明确。所以我决定测试各种表示运动的线条分别适合表示哪种运动，或者也许它们只是一些特殊符号。而且，我想要发现盲人和普通人眼中表示运动的线条有没有什么区别。

To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraduates from the University of Toronto.

为了找出答案，我用凸起的线条画出了五个轮子，分别把辐条画成了曲线、折线、波浪线、虚线和伸出车轮的线。接着，我请18位盲人志愿者触摸轮子，并请他们把每个轮子对应在以下运动中：摇晃、迅速转动、稳定转动、颠簸或刹车。我的对照组由18多伦多大学的普通大学生组成。

All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly.

除了其中一人，所有的盲人都把不同的运动与轮子相对应了。大部分人猜测曲线辐条表示轮子在平稳转动，波浪辐条表示车轮在摇晃，折线车轮表示车子受到颠簸。受试者猜测，辐条伸出车轮边缘表示轮子处于刹车状态，而虚线表示轮子在快速转动。

In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.

另外，普通人喜爱的表达与盲人喜爱的表达基本一致。而且普通人之间的共识度并不比盲人高。因为盲人对运动装置并不熟悉，所以我给他们的任务中也包括解决一些问题。但是，很明显，盲人不仅搞明白了线条运动的意义，而且作为一个团队，他们达成共识的普遍频率也不比普通人低。

We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart – choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symboli* behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning. We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard?

我们发现，盲人也能理解其他种类的视觉符号。一个盲人女性在一个心形中间画了一个小孩——她说，选择这个符号，是为了表示孩子被爱包围。于是我和一个中国博士生刘长虹开始研究：盲人对于心形这样不直接表达含义的符号背后的意义，到底理解到了什么样的程度。我们给了普通人20对单词，并要求他们在每一对单词中选择一个代表圆圈的和一个代表方框的。比方说，我们问：哪个表示柔软呢？圆圈还是方框？哪个又表示坚硬？

All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig. 2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and ‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a *all majority of sighted subjects – 53% – had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.

所有的受试者都认为圆形表示柔软而方块表示坚硬。94%的人认为开心与圆形对应，而不是悲伤。也有一些词组出现了不同的意见：79%的人在快-慢和强-弱对比上意见分别一致。而只有51%的人认为圆形表示深，方形表示浅。当我们用完全一样的列表测试四个完全看不到的盲人时，我们发现他们的选择与普通人的选择非常相似。有个先天失明的人做得特别好。他只有一次连线与之前的移至答案不同，那就是把“远”与方联系起来，把近和圆联系起来。事实上，只有刚刚53%的普通人在远近上给出了相反的答案。因此，我们可以得出结论：盲人可以像普通人一样理解抽象图案的意义。

雅思阅读熟词多义题解析

英语中纯粹的单义词很少，绝大多数词都是多义词，即一个词项有两个或两个以上的意义。在雅思阅读中，有很多词汇看似很简单，很熟悉，殊不知他有多个意思。把小伙伴们都迷得晕头转向的。今天我来为大家收集整理了雅思阅读熟词多义题解析，希望小伙伴们在雅思考试时能提高警惕，不再犯迷糊!

以下主要就雅思阅读剑桥真题部分的一些存在熟词多义的题目进行解析：

1.drive

C4T1P1：

In other words， they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social， economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.

这是一个复杂的长难句，一共出现了三处定语从句，一处ways in which， 一处factors which，一处activities which。

drive的主语为连接代词which代指的先行词factors，提取之后变为factors drive the activities， 这里如果将这里作为动词的drive 翻译成驾驶，句子是完成不通顺的，我们从后一处的定语从句中得知，activities指的是破坏雨林的行为，也就是前面的社会经济和政治因素drive了一些破坏雨林的行为，也就是说，这里的drive是导致，迫使的意思。

C6T1P2

选项型SUMMARY

Q24： Manufacturers of computers， for instance， are able to import 24................. from overseas， rather than having to rely on a local supplier.

文章E段 To see how this influences trade， consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world's disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia. This is possible only because disk drives， while valuable， are *all and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market.

通过manufacturers of computers定位到E段。阅读后我们可以知道电脑*商集中在东南亚*和进口disk drives而不是本国市场。如果同学对电脑知识比较了解的话，对于drive在这里的理解应该问题不大。根据一定的语法知识我们看得出这里的disk drives和disk-drive是名词用法，可通过drive的基本含义“驾驶”进一步引申理解，“驾驶磁盘”过渡为“让磁盘启动”，正确的理解含义为：磁盘驱动器。对应到题目提供的选项“B. components”

2.subject

我们知道它由“科目”的意思，词汇稍好的同学还会知道它还有“主语”和“主题”的含义。我们来看下面一题：

C5T1P2

单选题 Q20 The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whether

A a 450-volt shock was dangerous.

B punishment helps learning.

C the pupils were honest.

D they were suited to teaching.

文章A段 Specifically， Milgram told each volunteer 'teacher-subject' that the experiment was in the noble cause of education， and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils' ability to learn.

文章这里的'teacher-subject'打了引号，也就是说即便同学你不认识，把它当作一个特殊词符号，不理解不影响做题。不过明显的是，把“科目”“主语”“主题”放这里，都不好理解。在雅思阅读学术实验类的文章中，subject是个高频词汇，作为“实验对象”的含义来使用， 有时会同义替换为volunteer或participant。

C8T1P3

表格填空Q38 The results were then subjected to a 38…………………….

文章：In 1987， results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a 'meta-*ysis'， a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies.

通过冠词a我们可以知道此空填名词单数，并且从表格纵轴同行的特殊定位词in 1987，我们找到了定位句。但是定位句中存在冠词a的三处，到底三处后的单词填哪个呢。单词不会，语法来凑，通过题目和文章的主干结构的一致性：A be subjected to B和A be studied By B in C， 由于Honorton是人名且不符合填词规定，顺理成章的'meta-*ysis'成为我们的选填对象。那subject to到底什么意思呢，通过文章，我们可以知道大概是被研究的意思，查了字典我们就了解，正确含义为“受…支配”。

类似的用法单词还有：

1. state n. (美国的)州，状态，*，adj. 国家的，国立的 v.陈述，说明

C8T4P1 判断题Q8 Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run lower secondary schools. State-run adj国立的

C7T4P1 第5段 There was a huge initial force- five times larger than the steady state force， Gharib says. State n.状态

2. coin n. 硬币， v. 创造，铸造

C7T1P1 E段 The American zoologist Donald Griffin， who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats， coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonar and radar， whether used by animals or by human instruments. Coin v 创造(first used)

3. spoke v. speak过去式，n 车轮的辐条(C4T1P3)

4. tuitionn. 学费，课程，讲授，教学(C4T1P1)

5. complaint n. 抱怨，*，疾病(C4T2P2)

6. Interest v. 是感兴趣n. 兴趣，利益，利息(C4T3P1)

7. leaves v. leave的动词三单形式 n.叶子(Pl)(C8T4P3)

8. press v. 按压，n. 印刷，新闻工作者，新闻(C5T1P3/C5T4P2)

(pressing adj. 迫切的，急切的 C7T1P2)

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