当前位置:雅思无忧 > 雅思口语 > 正文

雅思口语范文part1reading 雅思口语范文赏析:aquizTVshow

更新:2023年07月21日 02:56 雅思无忧

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核,综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力,实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说,也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思口语范文part1reading 雅思口语范文赏析:aquizTVshow,希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题,敬请关注。
雅思口语范文part1reading 雅思口语范文赏析:aquizTVshow

雅思口语part 1科学相关话题范文及解析


在雅思口语中,很多时候需要积累一定的高分模板。因为能够让考生亲身体会英语说话的逻辑,还能增强我们遣词造句的能力。并且在很大程度上,训练了我们的语法。因此,今天小站君为大家带来描述科学的雅思口语part1话题模板运春。希望考生能够好好练旁橡耐习。


1. Do you like science?


It’s ok I suppose, but I’m not particularly interested in it, I have to admit! You know, it’s not something I’ve ever got really excited about! Having said that though, science is such a broad subject, so although I’m not really that interested in most of it, there are some areas of it that I think are pretty cool, such as astronomy for example, like how the universe came into being.


我想没关系,但我对它并不特别感兴趣,我得承认!你知道,这不是我曾经真正兴奋过的事情!尽管如此,科学是一门很广泛的学科,虽然我对大部分学科并不感兴趣,但我认为其中有些领域相当酷,比如天文学,比如宇宙是如何形成的。


2. Are there many science museums in your hometown?


No, not really. I mean, off hand, there’s only one I can think of, which is the, umm… ah what’s it called?! Oh yeah, the Science & Technology Museum, that’s the one. There may be others, but none that I’m aware of!


不,不是真的。我的意思是,手边只有一个我能想到的,那就是,嗯……那叫什么?哦,是的,科技博物馆,就是那如宽个。可能还有其他人,但我没有意识到!


3. Did you like science classes when you were young?


Let me have a think. Um… no. Most of the science classes I had, I didn’t really enjoy at all, cos I was never any good at science, and if I’m gonna be totally honest with you, most of the classes were just pretty boring, which is a bit of a pity really! You know, I think I could have actually really enjoyed science if it was taught in a more fun way. So yeah, I guess I was just unlucky with my teachers!


让我想一想。嗯……不。我上过的大多数科学课,我一点都不喜欢,因为我从来都不擅长科学,而且如果我对你完全诚实的话,大多数课程都很无聊,这真的有点遗憾!你知道,我认为如果真的以一种更有趣的方式教授,我真的会很享受科学。所以,我想我和我的老师不太走运!


4. How did you learn science at school?


Well, we mainly just went through the text book and took notes, so it was pretty similar to other subjects. Though saying that, we occasionally did some experiments, which were quite fun, but unfortunately those classes were pretty few and far between.


嗯,我们主要是通过课本和笔记,所以它和其他科目很相似。尽管如此,我们偶尔会做一些实验,这很有趣,但不幸的是,这些课程很少,而且相距甚远。


5. Do you think children should have both art classes and science classes?


Yeah, I’d say it is a good thing to have both, because I think it helps children discover where their interests lie. You know, if for example, they didn’t have art classes, then they would probably never know if they had a gift for it or not. So I think being exposed to as many things as possible at an early age really helps children develop their talents and interests.


是的,我认为这两者都是一件好事,因为我认为这有助于孩子们发现他们的兴趣所在。例如,如果他们没有艺术课,那么他们可能永远不会知道他们是否有天赋。所以我认为在早年接触尽可能多的东西真的有助于孩子们发展他们的天赋和兴趣。


6. Do you think science is important to our society?


Yeah, I’d say it’s extremely important, cos I mean, science helps our society to um…how can I put it?....uh… I guess what I’m kind of trying to say is that it helps us to continue improving our standard of living. You know, without science, technology wouldn’t be able to progress, and in terms of combating diseases, we wouldn’t be able to come up with vaccines and cures if it wasn’t for science. So yeah, it’s incredibly important to us.


是的,我认为这是非常重要的,因为我的意思是,科学帮助我们的社会……我该怎么说呢?呃……我想我想说的是,它有助于我们继续提高我们的生活水平。你知道,没有科学,技术就不能进步,在防治疾病方面,如果不是科学,我们就不能提出疫苗和治疗方法。是的,这对我们来说非常重要。


雅思口语高分词组:


Having said that though– 不过话又说回来


I guess what I’m kind of trying to say is that – 我想说的大概就是…


Combating disease- 和疾病作斗争


Vaccine - 疫苗


discover where their interests lie = find out where their interests are


gift= talent


Though saying that - 不过话又说会阿里


few and far between - 稀少


a bit of a pity – 有点可惜


off hand– 无准备地说 (you can say this when you make a statement without having had much time to think)


that’s the one– 就那个!


以上即是青藤资讯为您分享的雅思口语高分范文内容。更多雅思口语备考内容,本站将及时与您分享,尽请关注!

雅思口语范文

你好, 雅思口语闹弊范文:Weekends,供大家参稿弯唯考,希望能对备考中的键培烤鸭们有所帮助。
Weekends:
Is weekend important to people?
Definitely it is. In my opinion, when people are very tired or annoyed during weekdays, they need some leisure activities to relax their tension on weekends, and then they can continue more effectively and efficiently. Also, people can do their own business on weekends because they are busy in during work, such as visiting relations and friends, shopping for necessaries and clothes.
What do people do on weekend?
Well, as I just said. People can choose to carry on their personal business or just relax. They can visit and talk to their friends to keep the relationship going on, read books and magazines of their interests, do sports to keep fit, or watch TV to relax their tension. For my family, we always go to supermarket to buy some daily necessaries together, or go to shopping mall to have fun.
Do you think people should be asked to work on weekends?
No, I don’t think so. They will be too tired in the weekdays to go on concentrating on their jobs on weekends. Although they are forced to work, the production and effectiveness will be very low. Also, the employees will complain on the company since they have the right to have a rest, so the loyalty will be reduced.
Do you think people should get more money if they work on weekends?
Firstly, I don’t think people should be asked to work on weekends. But if there are some urgent tasks, then they should get more money for the extra hours. Because employees have the right to relax and do their personal business on weekends, to respect them and to keep the effectiveness, the manager should pay them more for the work on weekends.
Which day do you like more on weekend?
I think I prefer Sunday, because I always plan to review the knowledge taught during the week or deal with the assignments on Saturdays and have relax on Sundays. You know, all the people prefer rest than studies~Haa~
What do you often do on that day?
Well, in the mornings, I always spend with my friends. We will go to a fitness centre to do some exercise together, or just sit in a Café to chat and share the recent lives. Then in the afternoons, my parents and I will go to supermarket to buy some daily necessaries together, or go to shopping mall to have fun. In the evenings, I’ll put myself into the busy studies again, to plan the timetable for next week.
Do you think that people will spend more money on weekends?
Well, I think it depends. Some people like me always go shopping on weekends, so absolutely we will spend more money. Or some like watching movies in a cinema, or having dinner with friends in a restaurant, so are all expensive. But some people only like watching TV at home, or read books in a library, so they will spend the same amount of money on weekend as in weekdays, or maybe even less.
更多信息: http://www.newchannel.org/ielts/kouyu/

雅思作文口语怎么准备

应该没什么问题。作文就是背些经典句了,口语:

人物
1. Someone you would like to spend time with
2. An old person you respect
3. a person who is good at his/her job
4. A school friend
5. a teenager
6. a family you are familiar with (not your own)
7. A person you helped
8. a well-known person
地点
1. A tourist attraction
2. Workplace
3. a place with a lot of water
4. a city you visited
5. Cafe or restaurant
6. a place for shopping
7. a garden you’ve been to
物品
1. A book you recently read
2. A game (not sport) you played when you were a child
3. A photo
4. A good law in China
5. Some interesting news
6. A special gift you gave to another person
7. An organization
8. A show/performance you watched
9. Something that you don't know but would like to learn
10. A white lie
11. an important letter that you received

12. TV program
13. second foreign language
14. a website
15. handicraft you made
16. holiday postcard or email you received and that you liked
17. a film you watched recently
18. a magazine you like to read
19. an interesting animal
20. an electrical appliance that is useful to you
事件
1. an environmental problem in a place that you’ve been to
2. family event (birthday party or wedding)
3. A recent change in your life
4. A sport (physical activity) you played when you were a child
5. some good advice you received
6. occasion when you were late
7. project or homework assignment
8. an enjoyable event
9. a time you helped someone
10. a visitor to you home (how you entertained him/her)

1. A book you recently read
什纳迟么书
什么时候读洞谈李的
为什么读
喜欢的和不喜欢的部分
Part 3
小孩应该读书还是看电视?侍行
What kind of books do children like reading?
小孩读书的好处?
家长应该怎样鼓励小孩多读书?
Do you think people's reading habits have changed at all in the past few decades?
2. A game (not sport) you played when you were a child
什么游戏
游戏的举行地点
跟谁一起做游戏
最后描述一下这个游戏的特点
Part 3
Do children prefer to spend time with other children or with *s?
现在学校里学生们做的活动跟以前有什么不同?
Do you think it's necessary for children to have after-school activities (= extra-curricular activities)?
体育锻炼对学生的精神方面有好处吗?
*应该为人们组织一些休闲活动吗?
大人和小孩游戏之间的区别?
What's your opinion about the entertainment choices that children today have?
3. A photo (对你产生影响的照片)
在哪里见到的?
是什么样的?
为什么喜欢它?
它对你产生了什么影响?
谁给你的
什么时候给你的
为什么给你
你有多喜欢或者多不喜欢这张照片?
Part 3
为什么人们要照相?
你觉得在newspaper里的照片得到了有效的应用?
你认为照片对我们未来的生活有什么影响?
How has modern science and technology changed photography?
Do many Chinese people visit photograph exhibitions?
4. A good law in China
什么法律?
怎么知道的?
谁受益
and explain its influences
Part 3
How do people in your country feel about the police?
Which job would most people prefer - to be a policeman/woman or a lawyer? (Why?)
What do you think is the importance of having a system of laws?
How successful do you think the laws are in your country? (successful in achieving the aim of the laws)
16. an important letter that you received.
who wrote it
when you received it
what the letter was about
and explain why it was important.
Part 3
Do you often write letters to your family and relatives?
Do people today write letters by hand as much as they used to do many years ago?
What is the value of reading letters that famous people in history have written?
Is the handwriting of children today as good as it was many years ago?
17. TV program
what program it is
what the program is about (or, what type of program it is)
when you watch it
and explain why you like this TV program.
Part 3
什么类型电视节目在大人里比较流行
小孩子喜欢什么电视节目
How do (or can) TV programs influence children?
Do you think parents should supervise what their children watch on TV?
从前的电视节目和现在的比较
How has television affected (or, changed) society?
18. a place with a lot of water
Describe a place that you have been to and that has a lot of water.
where this place is
why (& when) you went there
what people do there
and explain why you like this place.
Part 3
为什么人们喜欢去有水的地方,有那些水上运动.
water pollution...what should the government do...?
Do you think it's important to try to save (conserve) water?
Do you think people use more water today than they did before?
对家庭用水和家庭以外用水过去和现在的区别
What are the reasons for water shortages in (parts of ) China?
19. family event (birthday party or wedding)
怎么样的event
在哪里
和谁
what you did (or, what happened at this event)?
and explain why this event was enjoyable
Part 3
家务
中国的wedding
Do you think (most) people spend too much on weddings?
Compare modern weddings in China with traditional Chinese weddings (i.e., weddings many years ago).
Do you know of any differences between weddings in China and those in the West
Can you think of any other important family events in China, besides weddings?
Do you think strong families are important for society?
20. a city you visited
什么时候去的
和谁一起去的
what did you do there?
what do you like and dislike of the city
Part 3
What kind of people do you think would like to live in big cities?
Do you prefer living in a city or a *all town?
Why are people migrating from the rural to the urban areas of China?
What's the advantage for a family to live in a big city?
What are some of the (serious) problems associated with living in big cities?
21. second foreign language
Describe another language that you would like learn.
the name of this language
how you would learn it
what difficulties you think you would have (or, might have) when learning this language.
and explain why you would choose to study this language.
Part 3
Do many people in China study a second foreign language?
Why do you think some people are better than others at learning a foreign language?
Who do you think is better at learning a language, boys or girls?
Do you think it's important (or, a good idea) to have one main world language? (= 'a universal language')
What would be the advantages and disadvantages of having a global language?
Do you think it's possible to learn a foreign culture without learning the language?
22.a website
是什么website
怎么知道的
都用来做什么
and explain why you think this website is (or, was) useful.
Part 3
Internet对大家有什么作用?
Do old people access (= go onto = use) the internet very much?
Do you think it is useful to encourage old people to use the internet?
不同年龄的人使用Internet的目的有什么不同?
Is the internet used much in schools or colleges/universities?
网上免费下载电影和歌好不好?
网上购物?
23.handicraft you made
what it was
where (and when) you made it
how you made it
and explain how satisfied you were with your work.
Part 3
Compare handmade and machine-made products
传统手工艺的保护
What are the benefits of children learning how to make something by hand?
What is the value of encouraging the development of creativity in children?
24. A recent change in your life
what the change was
when and where this change happened
what the result of this change was
and explain how you felt about this change when it happened
Part 3
你觉得成年人应该经常换工作么?
换工作有什么好处?
Do you think experiencing change is good for children?
How can people make changes to (improvements to) their everyday lives?
25. A sport (physical activity) you played when you were a child
what
when and where you played it
what equipment was needed for this sport
and explain what benefits you got from playing this sport.
40. a garden you’ve been to
Describe a garden that you visited and that you liked.
You should say:
where it is
what it looks like
what people do there
and explain why you liked it.
Part 3
公共花园有什么作用,*应该投资更多的钱在花园上吗?
不同年龄的群体在花园里做什么。
种蔬菜和种花哪个好
Do you think governments should provide public gardens for people to visit?
Do you think gardens have any value for children?
41. an enjoyable event
Describe a recent event that made you feel happy.
You should say:
what the event was
when and where it happened
what you saw or did
and explain why this event was so enjoyable.
Part 3
年龄和快乐的关系
现在的人没有过去快乐了,为什么
Are the things (or, the events) that make people happy today the same as several decades ago?
Do you think money makes people happy?
Do you think people mostly remember sad events or happy events? (Why?)
Do you think there is any relationship between government and the happiness of the citizens?
42. a visitor to you home (how you entertained him/her)
Describe a person who visited your home.
You should say:
who the person was
why they visited your home
how you spent the time with this visitor (or how you entertained this visitor)
and explain how you felt about the visit.
Part 3
When you travel to another city, do you prefer to stay in a hotel or with friends? (Why?)
In China, when people visit other people in their homes, do they usually bring a gift?
Are people in your country very hospitable to guests?
What kinds of things do foreigners need to pay attention to when they travel in your country?
If you were visiting another country, what do you think would be the biggest problem(s) you would have?

雅思口语范文赏析:aquizTVshow

雅思口语part2备考一直是众多考鸭们的头等难事,不敢开口,开口说不出,说不地道,相关正旅话题的经历太少,让人抓狂。下面我喊清友给大家带来雅思口语 范文 赏析:a quiz TV show,希望对大家的口语有帮助!

雅思口语范文赏析:a quiz TV show

Describe a quiz TV showWell, it seems that many TV channels like to present some quiz shows to the public, such as “the lucky 52” in CCTV2, “happy dictionary” in CCTV 3, and “great competition of intelligence” in CCTV 1. But here, I’d like to talk about a quiz show from Shenzhen TV channel, which is named as “who is cleverer”.

This quiz show brings the *s back to the primary school class, helps them recall those happy memories in the childhood, recollects those forgotten knowledge. It aims to attract audience of primary school students, as well as *s.

In this quiz show, a group of primary school students and a team of *s are competing on the same stage, for those seemingly familiar and seemingly simple questions from primary school subjects. It is fun to see the embarras*ent of those * compe*s unable to answer those easy questions, and it is also fun to see those primary students showing off their knowledge in front of their * compe*s. Altogether, there are 10 questions for each compe*, and those *s who can answer right all the 10 questions may have a chance to get the prize: 50 thousand YMB , but if he fail, he has to say to the audience, “wow, I am not so clever as a primary school student” and then he is replaced by another *s.

Wow, it’s so funny that after so many years education, almost no *s could win the game and get the prize. And it’s so interesting that this quiz show can bring so many parents and children in front of their TV sets to enjoy their get-together. I like the feeling of watching this kind of TV programs.

雅思郑槐口语Part 2话题:A Show or a Performance

雅思口语Part 2话题参考答案

Describe a show or performance

You should say:

what kind of performance it was

when and where you saw it

how it was performed

and explain how you felt about this performance.

My friends and I visited Laoshe Teahouse in Beijing last summer. It was our first time to visit such a famous place. We not only had nice tea but also enjoyed Chinese traditional art performances. It has been quite an impressive experience to me, and to my friends, too.

The teahouse is to the southwest of Tian’an Men Square. Its amazing Beijing style has attracted hundreds of visitors from home and abroad every day.

Before we decided to go, we had heard a lot about that place and we got very excited. We got even more excited when the performance was about to begin-audience from different parts of the world made the atmosphere hot. The performance began with a thrilling starting music. It was folk music played with Chinese traditional instruments. by Teahouse Music Band. The drum beats immediately dragged people’s attention. After starting music was Peking Opera Highlights with the name Presents from Magu. I didn’t quite follow its plot because I didn’t understand their singing. However, I like the music and the way it was presented. The most unforgettable show came when an artist from Sichuan started performing Face-Changing of Sichuan Opera. It was just like magic. He changed his face so quickly that no one could tell how he could manage that. This show gained much applause from the audience.

I am glad that I took my friends from the US to the Laoshe Teahouse that evening. We had wonderful time there. I like this kind of performance. It has become a special showcase of the essence of Chinese national culture, and a bridge connecting China with the rest of the world.

Part 3

Artistic Performances

1. Are traditional art forms performed very much in China?

In some *all cities and towns, where popular modern art is less introduced into, traditional art forms are still playing an important role in entertaining local people. In big cities, like Beijing and Shanghai, traditional art forms are kept well and performed a lot in big and *all theatres. I think people are getting more aware of protecting our own traditions, including traditional art performances. And this is why it’s now a fashion to go and watch a really good Beijing Opera show at a not so low price.

2. How does TV program help to spread traditional culture?

TV program helps greatly to spread traditional culture, definitely. For an obvious reason, people have easier access to a TV program than to a live show. Every one can afford it. So, with the help of TV show, more people would have the chance to be exposed to traditional culture.

3. What benefits do you think people derive from watching performances or visiting art exhibitions?

In my opinion, art is not a necessity in our life, like food and drink. But life cannot be without art. Sounds contradictory? Well, I mean, what people derive from watching performances or visiting art exhibitions is mental pleasure and satisfaction. People say art is the reflection of life. I agree. Suppose after a day of hard work, what will a piece of beautiful music bring to us? Comfort, relief, refreshment, and so many other mental enjoyment. Life is hard, but thanks to art, we become less depressed.

4. Do you think people generally prefer to go to a concert or to listen to recordings of music?

Generally, the majority would prefer to listen to recordings of music. It’s much easy to get and every one could afford the money and time. Besides, concert is concert. It’s live, and it’s one-time. You get there, you listen to it, and it’s over. Recordings can be listened to for many times. People choose to listen to their favorite recordings at any time, any place they like to.

The Performing Arts and Children

1. What is the value of watching artistic performance (or experiencing artistic activities) in relation to children's development?

Beauty education is important in children’s development. Watching artistic performance or experiencing artistic activities is a good way to have such an education. It helps children to build up their understanding of this world. They get to know what is beautiful and what is ugly, which is good for their growing-up. But there is one thing we have to be careful about. That is to choose the proper performance and activities, improper ones could only lead to a bad education.

2. What is the value of children learning to perform, such as learning to sing or dance in front of an audience?

It depends on if the child him/herself likes to do it or not. If it’s his/her own willingness to learn, it’s a hobby. Learning to perform will be a pleasant experience. Knowing how to perform could be a treasure for the child’s future development. Performing could be a well-paid occupation. However, if it’s not the child’s own wish to learn, it could be torture and I don’t think the child could get anything positive from the learning.

3. Do you think the performing arts should be included in school curriculums? (Why?/ Why not?)

Performing arts should be included in school curriculums as an optional course, but not a compulsive one. If it’s optional, students with interest can choose to attend the course and develop their performing talent. For students who are not that involved in performing, they can have enough freedom not to choose to attend the course. Otherwise, it would be a waste of time for those who don’t like performing.

4. Do boys and girls have the same feelings/attitudes about performing (or watching) an artistic performance?

For me, it’s a little blind to give a yes-or-no answer to this question. Well, if there is difference, I see it as the difference between individuals, but not between boys and girls.But…well, yes, I guess it’s easier for girls to get involved and become part of the story. I remember when I watched the play Cinderella many years ago, I cried when Cinderella was being tortured, but the boy sitting next to me didn’t.

5. Who do you think is more suited to learning how to dance - boys or girls?

It’s hard to say. We have female dancers as well as many successful male ones dancing on the world stage. I mean male dancers can achieve as high as females dancers do. However it is a fact that more girls are learning how to dance at an early age than boys. The Chinese thinking is like this. Girls have to be pretty, and dancing girls are just fancy. But for boys people hold different expectations. Boys are expected to be playful and tough. It is not seen as a right thing for boys to learn how to dance.

雅思口语自学有什么建议

雅思口语怎么自学?

第一:大量背诵原汁原味的单句、对话、生活习语。

第二:把每天背诵过的素材反复消化,借助想像力,身临其境把它们表演出来。

第三:写 日记 。这个习惯看上去练习的是写作,其实它更是练习口语的妙法。当你动笔的同时,你的大脑正在激烈地做着英文 体操 。用英文进行思维是高级的口语训练 方法 。

第四:大量阅读报刊、杂志及各种 故事 、杂文,之后将它们复述出来。(超级提示:是"复述"而非"背诵"。)同一篇 文章 的复述工作应该反复滚动。

第五:一年左右逐渐过渡到用英文进行日常的思维活动。每当遇到不会的词、句就记录在本子上,集中解决,并定时更新、复习最理想的练习口语的方法是有个说英语的外国人天天在你身边陪你说英语,但这个条件一般谁也不具备,那么怎么来练习口语呢,有一个好办法非常可行,就是自己和自己说练习 英语口语 (当然后期还要找一些外国人进行语言交流体验),请相信自己和自己练习口语这一办法很管用,新体系英语有一个方法,叫“反述式口语练习法”,推荐给你:

拿出一篇英语文章来先看懂,反复看几遍,争取记住里面的内容(注意千万别背),然后把文章翻扣在桌上,对着墙用自己的英语将刚才读过的文章反说出来(注意是述说,不是背诵),一开始根本记不住,就打开文章再看一遍,然后再翻扣过来用英语述说。

雅思口语高分需要怎么答题

首先,在回答第一部分时,切忌回答过短。

一些初识雅思的学生在口语上遇到的最大障碍之一就是没话可说,每个问题的答案都只有寥寥几个词。比如:Are you working orstudying-

I am working now. How do you spend your weekends- I spend my weekendsreading and watching TV. Do you read a lot in your spare time- Yes, I read a lotin mysparetime.其实如若您拿着这些问题去问一个初中生或甚至是小学生,他恐怕也能非常流利的给出这些答案的吧。既然如此,您又怎么能显示出您的水平决不仅止与此哪?雅思口语的高分诀窍就是要在很短的时间内将您的浑身解数都使出来。那么我们就要有意识的积累一些答题的技巧,也就是如何拓长自己的答案,并且灵活运用各种句型的方法。

此外,切题回答的本身就是对于细节的正确分析。

除了要注意运用适当的回答技巧之外,我们还要注意考题中的一些细节,通常对于这些细节的处理往往会直接决定第一部分的回答质量的好坏。由于口语考试的特点是需要学生在考官提出问题之后马上做出回答,过长的思考时间也会导致失分,所以我们在考官提出问题之后马上要对该问题迅速进行分析,同时给出答案

因此在考场中,考生回答偏题的现象时有发生。撇开考生由于语言水准问题理解错误的因素,有很多的偏题都是由于忽视考题中的细节问题所造成的。

以上就是雅思无忧网为您准备的访问雅思无忧网(https://www.yasi.cn/),了解更多雅思考试新消息,新动态。

雅思培训
免责声明:文章内容来自网络,如有侵权请及时联系删除。
推荐阅读
标签 - 专题
  鲁ICP备18049789号-14

2022雅思无忧网版权所有 All right reserved. 版权所有

警告:未经本网授权不得转载、摘编或利用其它方式使用上述作品