雅思口语满分词汇中的Flexibility是什么鬼 雅思口语真题精讲：Spare

雅思考试主要是通过对考生听、说、读、写四个方面英语能力的考核，综合测评考生的英语沟通运用能力，实现“沟通为本”的考试理念。对于雅思考生来说，也有很多考试难点和政策盲区需要帮助解答。今天雅思无忧网小编准备了雅思口语满分词汇中的Flexibility是什么鬼 雅思口语真题精讲：Spare，希望通过文章来解决雅思考生这方面的疑难问题，敬请关注。

雅思口语满分词汇中的Flexibility是什么鬼?

雅思口语考试的评分标准大家都知道，有 流利 Fluency, 词汇 Lexical resource，语法Grammatical range and accuracy，以及最后的发音 Pronunciation。其中第二项词汇，考生误解很多。很多考生拍脑门以为词汇的高分就是要在考试时体现出自己词汇量大，要使用一些高级词汇，大词难词什么的。其实这种认识颇有偏颇。

词汇部分9分标准的认定很简单：

1. uses vocabulary with full flexibility and precision in all topics

2. uses idiomatic language naturally and accurately

考生从这里不难看出，考生完全不需要大的词汇量或者使用什么所谓的“9分词汇”之类来得到词汇的高分。其实道理很简单，作为一个语言考试，雅思考试的设计者希望口语考试能够真正反映考生对词汇的运用。

在真实生活中，大多数人往往使用很多简单的词汇就能够表达丰富而复杂的信息，关键就在于他们能够对词汇灵活和准确的运用(flexibility and precision)，他们不仅有一个知道的词库(knowing vocabulary)，还有一个能够灵活而准确运用的词库(working vocabulary)，而这才是广大英语学习者在口语练习中真正应该掌握的。

Flexibility

词汇的灵活运用能够使人用有限的词汇表达出丰富的意思

举个很简单的例子：

“season”这个词大家都知道是“季节”的意思，如果讲到自己家乡季节时说“There are four seasons in my hometown: spring, summer, fall and winter”，这就不是灵活而是机械的使用，因为大家从小学习英文，都是机械似的只要提到季节一定是四个季节，而且一定是春夏秋冬，才不管你那儿是否只有三个季节或者是不是没有冬季什么的。

灵活的使用时能够使“season”这个单词真正为自己服务，使自己的语言能够表达出丰富的意思。比如说我仍然表达四季，但是我这样说 “there are four seasons: the green season, spring; the red season, summer; the golden season, autumn; and the silver season, winter, because each of the four seasons, I believe, features a different color…”，这就是灵活，虽然仍然是春夏秋冬，但是却拥有了更丰富的意思。

也许有的地方就没有四季，而是天天烈日炎炎，就可以说“Well, there are only three seasons in my hometown, the hot season, the hotter season and the hottest season”，这句话看似简单却巧妙的使用了“season”一词描述出了热带地区的气候特征。

再或者，“season”也可以被灵活的使用表达与季节完全不相关的意思。例如“I’m so fed up with my life. There seems to be only one season for me throughout the year—the study season. I really wish I could have a holiday season”。

当然，“season”也可以表示很多其它的意思，例如“调味”，我就可以说“She seems to enjoy a well-seasoned life”意思就是她的生活有趣且丰富多彩;我还可以说“He is a seasoned traveler”意思就是他是一个用丰富经历的旅行家。

那么怎么提高对词汇应用的“flexibility”呢?

简单的来说就是通过阅读或听或看大量的英文材料，汲取其中语言巧妙的应用，并尝试把这样的语言变成自己的语言。

例如我曾经读到一篇文章讲到动物的长相，其中说道长相丑陋的动物有他自己独特的生物意义，最后总结到“That’s the beauty of ugliness”。我觉得这里“beauty of ugliness”用的太好了，于是就留心记下来以便以后什么地方使用。

假如某一天，我要写一篇关于人的内在美或者“don’t judge a book by its cover”这方面的内容，这个短语就可以很好的被用上甚至作为标题：“I suppose it will never happen, but what a nice thing it would be, if the beauty of ugliness was celebrated in our society. What if the ugly duckling story was rewritten? Instead of turning into a swan, the duckling could learn to appreciate its youthful ugliness. Imagine again, the ugly shall learn to face the world armed only with their character. It will only be through practice, determination and plain hard work that they shall succeed in life, love and relationships. It’s just like a wise man who once said: blessed are the ugly for they know who they really are.”

当然，进一步的学习还使我认识到，这样的说法实际上是一种被叫做“oxymoron”(矛盾修辞)的修辞方法，与此类似的还有“Let’s agree to disagree”，“Simplicity is not a simple thing”，“To lead people, walk behind them”等等，这些在以后的表达中也许都会用到。

但是考生一定要避免随意滥用flexibility原则。有的考生以为自己用很灵活的方式使用了词汇或巧妙的表达了意思，还很兴奋高兴，但是考官却没有能够理解该考生的意思，这是不可取的，因为语言的目的是为了交流。实在不会flexible use of vocabulary，我们宁可用最平白的方式精确的传达我们的信息。

雅思口语真题精讲：Spare Time

　　Spare time
　　How do you usually spend your evening and with whom?
　　There are many different ways I spend my evenings, from hanging out with a few friends in a bar to asking my girlfriend out for a nice dinner, from surfing on the internet at home to enjoying the fellowship of my family before TV. Anyway, there are always things to do in evenings for me.
　　虽然没有必要事无巨细，但是在这里运用排比的修辞，不但可以增强语气，还可以同时向考官展示自己对英文深层次的运用。
　　Do you like to go out in the evenings and with whom?
　　Well, it really doesn’t matter to me. If I’m in the mood of going out, I’ll go out, sometimes alone, sometimes with friends. But if I’m not in the mood of going out, I’ll just stay home. Maybe I’ll go to bed early.
　　本题问的是晚上外出，考生在回答问题的时候还要注意理解题目。
　　What do people today usually like to do after work?
　　It really depends on individual preference. Most people go straight back home after work to enjoy family in China. But there are always exceptionals. I know a few people who are afraid of going back home after work. (Whisper) You know why? Their wives are very ill-tempered. They are afraid of them.
　　该题目给出的答案运用了幽默的因素，但是并不是每个考生都一定要试图给出考官一个非同寻常的答案。重要的是把问题回答清楚。
　　What do you like to do after work?
　　Well, though from time to time I do different things after work from hanging out with a few friends in a bar to having a nice dinner somewhere. In most of the cases, I would just like to go straight back home after work to enjoy the fellowship of my family.
　　下班后的生活一般有两大类，一类围绕自己的家庭，如回家，另一类围绕朋友或者同事，如酒吧，餐馆等。
　　What do you do in your spare time? How do you arrange your spare time?
　　As a matter of fact, I have very little spare time these days. My studies are so important to me that I have given up all my other activities. For example, I used to love playing tennis, but these days I simply do not have the time. In addition, I used to swim often, as I believe it kept me fit without the danger of being injured.
　　Well, these days, I surf on the Internet in my spare time. I have just bought my first computer, and love to look for exciting web sites that I have not known before. It is of course very time-consuming, so I don’t really have time for anything else. I have to mention that it is an educational activity. For example, by means of web cams (video images from cameras set up at certain places) I am able to watch what wild animals are doing in many parts of the world. I particularly like to watch the polar bears playing with their cubs.
　　空闲时间的生活和活动是丰富多彩的，考生可以充分发挥想象力回答问题。
　　What do Chinese people do in their spare time?
　　It really varies according to people’s age, gender and many other factors. However, generally speaking people in China like to hang out with friends or do some outdoor activities in their spare time.
　　Do you think spare time is important to you?
　　Yes, it definitely is. I just can’t imagine a life without any spare time. Anyway, everyone’s life needs a little bit of seasoning and switch-off from the daily routines.
　　Do you feel lonely if you stay at home for a long time?
　　I guess so. I am very much a social being. I need to talk to people, spend time with people. I just can’t stand being alone for a long time.
　　Actually, I enjoy spending being alone during the week—I am lone ranger. But on the weekends, I’m eager to reconnect with others and to share joyful and fun times together.
　　作出肯定或者否定的回答后，要自然的给出孤独或不孤独的原因，这样比等待考官追问要好。

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